cisco/CCNA思科静态路由配置(附PKA文件)

在所有的路由器上添加静态路由。

能够在小型的网络环境中配置路由表。

能够使用ping测试静态路由配置

使用Tracert跟踪数据包

排除网络故障

删除在Router3上删除到172.16.0.0/24网段的路由信息

PKA文件下载地址:https://zhifubao.lanzous.com/iRFs5dibjja

2 网络拓扑

 cisco/CCNA思科静态路由配置(附PKA文件)_第1张图片

 

 

 

3 基本配置步骤

试验环境应经将路由器的所有接口和计算机的Ip地址已经按着网络拓扑配置。

只需在路由器上添加静态路由表即可。

3.1 在Router2上

 1 Router#show ip route    查看现有的路由表,发现只有直连的网段的路由信息
 2 Router#config t
 3 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.2
 4 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.4.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.2
 5 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.5.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.2
 6 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.2
 7 Router#show ip route 
 8 Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
 9        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
10        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
11        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
12        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
13        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
14        P - periodic downloaded static route
15 Gateway of last resort is not set
16      172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
17 C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0    C 直连的网络
18 S       172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 172.16.3.2    S 添加的静态路由
19 S       172.16.2.0 [1/0] via 172.16.3.2
20 C       172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0
21 S       172.16.4.0 [1/0] via 172.16.3.2
22 S       172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 172.16.3.2
23 Router#copy running-config startup-config 
24 Destination filename [startup-config]? 
25 Building configuration...
26 [OK]

3.2 在Router3上添加静态路由

 1 Router#config t
 2 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.2
 3 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.2
 4 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.2
 5 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.5.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.2
 6 Router(config)#exit
 7 %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
 8 Router#show ip rout                         显示路由表
 9 Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
10        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
11        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
12        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
13        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
14        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
15        P - periodic downloaded static route
16 Gateway of last resort is not set
17      172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
18 S       172.16.0.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2
19 C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
20 S       172.16.2.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2
21 S       172.16.3.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2
22 C       172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0
23 S       172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2
24 Router#copy running-config startup-config 
25 Destination filename [startup-config]? 
26 Building configuration...

3.3 在Router0上添加静态路由

 1 Router#config t
 2 Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
 3 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1
 4 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.1
 5 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.5.2
 6 Router(config)#
 7 Router#copy running-config startup-config 
 8 Destination filename [startup-config]? 
 9 Building configuration...
10 [OK]

3.4 在Router1上添加静态路由

 1 Router#configure 
 2 Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? 
 3 Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
 4 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.5.1
 5 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.5.1
 6 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.5.1
 7 Router(config)#ip route 172.16.4.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.5.1
 8 Router#copy running-config startup-config 
 9 Destination filename [startup-config]? 
10 Building configuration...
11 [OK]

4 测试静态路由

4.1 在PC1上测试到PC0的连接

 1 PC>ping 172.16.1.1                  静态路由配置正确
 2 Pinging 172.16.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
 3 Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=27ms TTL=253
 4 Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=253
 5 Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=253
 6 Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=253
 7 PC>tracert 172.16.1.2    使用Tracert跟踪数据包
 8 Tracing route to 172.16.1.2 over a maximum of 30 hops: 
 9   1   9 ms      6 ms      8 ms      172.16.0.1
10   2   13 ms     10 ms     10 ms     172.16.3.2
11   3   17 ms     16 ms     16 ms     172.16.4.1
12   4   23 ms     24 ms     25 ms     172.16.1.2
13 Trace complete.

4.2 在PC1上测试到PC2的连接

1 PC>ping 172.16.2.1                 静态路由配置正确
2 Pinging 172.16.2.1 with 32 bytes of data:
3 Reply from 172.16.2.1: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=253
4 Reply from 172.16.2.1: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=253
5 Reply from 172.16.2.1: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=253
6 Reply from 172.16.2.1: bytes=32 time=19ms TTL=253

4.3 在Router3上删除到172.16.0.0/24网段的路由

 1 Router(config)#no ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0
 2 Router#show ip route 
 3 Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
 4        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
 5        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 6        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
 7        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
 8        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
 9        P - periodic downloaded static route
10 Gateway of last resort is not set
11      172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 5 subnets
12 C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
13 S       172.16.2.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2
14 S       172.16.3.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2
15 C       172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0
16 S       172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 172.16.4.2         没有到172.16.0.0/24网段的路由信息

4.4 在PC1上测试到PC0的连接  发现数据包不能返回

 1 PC>ping 172.16.1.1
 2 
 3 Pinging 172.16.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
 4 
 5 Request timed out.
 6 
 7 Request timed out.
 8 
 9 Request timed out.
10 
11 Request timed out.
12 
13 PC>tracert 172.16.1.2                                                     使用tracert跟踪数据包路径
14 
15 Tracing route to 172.16.1.2 over a maximum of 30 hops:
16 
17   1   9 ms      7 ms      8 ms      172.16.0.1
18 
19   2   12 ms     14 ms     14 ms     172.16.3.2
20 
21   3   *         *         *         Request timed out.
22 
23   4   *         *         *         Request timed out.
24 
25   5   *         *         *         Request timed out.

 

4.5 在PC0上测试到PC1的连接

 1 PC>ping 172.16.0.2
 2 
 3 Pinging 172.16.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
 4 
 5 Reply from 172.16.1.1: Destination host unreachable.                   提示目标主机不可到达
 6 
 7 Reply from 172.16.1.1: Destination host unreachable.
 8 
 9 Reply from 172.16.1.1: Destination host unreachable.
10 
11 Reply from 172.16.1.1: Destination host unreachable.

 

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