程序员装机必备「编程软件+配置环境」基础篇

程序员电脑工作环境打造「编程软件+配置环境」基础篇

因为Big Sur Beta 巨大的BUG，我的Mac被迫重装了一次，所以得重新安装软件以及配置环境，在痛苦中想着还是记录点什么吧，作为分享和交流。

这篇文章我来介绍我的电脑，装了哪些软件✈️、配置了哪些环境

软件安装：

IDE⚙️：

JetBrains 全家桶，C Python Java Go

1. Java:
   • IDEA
2. C:
   • CLion
3. Python
   • PyCharm
4. Go
   • Goland

编辑器✍️：

• Sublime（我的主力编辑器）

• VScode（很多同学喜欢这个，就在这推荐一下）

终端：

• ITem2

FTP客户端：

• FileZilla

远程协作：

• TeamViewer

SSH客户端：

• Termius

GitHub‍：

• GitHub DeskTop（偶尔的偷懒）

网络工具️：

• WireShark
• Charles
• Cisco Packet Tracer

数据库管理工具：

• Navicat Premium
• pgAdmin4

OSS管理：

• OSS-Browser：配合阿里云OSS使用

效率：

• Things3： 安排我的学习计划

  

• Typora：书写Markdown必备神器

• PicGo：一个GitHub图床管理软件

• Magnet：窗口管理软件

系统监控：

• iStat Menus

---

环境配置：

XCode Command line developer tools 工具包：

很多苹果开发软件都是依赖这个

• 安装

xcode-select --install

sudo xcode-select --switch /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools

包管理器：

• HomeBrew
  • HomeBrew安装：

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

但其实上面这个办法常常失败，访问上面的网址常常会失败，推荐使用我的这个办法

复制下面这段代码，以 install.sh 保存：

#!/bin/bash
set -u

# First check if the OS is Linux.
if [[ "$(uname)" = "Linux" ]]; then
  HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX=1
fi

# On macOS, this script installs to /usr/local only.
# On Linux, it installs to /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew if you have sudo access
# and ~/.linuxbrew otherwise.
# To install elsewhere (which is unsupported)
# you can untar https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/tarball/master
# anywhere you like.
if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
  HOMEBREW_PREFIX="/usr/local"
  HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY="/usr/local/Homebrew"
  HOMEBREW_CACHE="${HOME}/Library/Caches/Homebrew"

  STAT="stat -f"
  CHOWN="/usr/sbin/chown"
  CHGRP="/usr/bin/chgrp"
  GROUP="admin"
  TOUCH="/usr/bin/touch"
else
  HOMEBREW_PREFIX_DEFAULT="/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew"
  HOMEBREW_CACHE="${HOME}/.cache/Homebrew"

  STAT="stat --printf"
  CHOWN="/bin/chown"
  CHGRP="/bin/chgrp"
  GROUP="$(id -gn)"
  TOUCH="/bin/touch"
fi
BREW_REPO="https://github.com/Homebrew/brew"

# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED="10.15"
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED="10.13"

# For Homebrew on Linux
REQUIRED_RUBY_VERSION=2.6  # https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/pull/6556
REQUIRED_GLIBC_VERSION=2.13  # https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux#requirements

# no analytics during installation
export HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS_THIS_RUN=1
export HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS_MESSAGE_OUTPUT=1

# string formatters
if [[ -t 1 ]]; then
  tty_escape() { printf "\033[%sm" "$1"; }
else
  tty_escape() { :; }
fi
tty_mkbold() { tty_escape "1;$1"; }
tty_underline="$(tty_escape "4;39")"
tty_blue="$(tty_mkbold 34)"
tty_red="$(tty_mkbold 31)"
tty_bold="$(tty_mkbold 39)"
tty_reset="$(tty_escape 0)"

have_sudo_access() {
  local -a args
  if [[ -n "${SUDO_ASKPASS-}" ]]; then
    args=("-A")
  fi

  if [[ -z "${HAVE_SUDO_ACCESS-}" ]]; then
    if [[ -n "${args[*]-}" ]]; then
      /usr/bin/sudo "${args[@]}" -l mkdir &>/dev/null
    else
      /usr/bin/sudo -l mkdir &>/dev/null
    fi
    HAVE_SUDO_ACCESS="$?"
  fi

  if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]] && [[ "$HAVE_SUDO_ACCESS" -ne 0 ]]; then
    abort "Need sudo access on macOS (e.g. the user $USER to be an Administrator)!"
  fi

  return "$HAVE_SUDO_ACCESS"
}

shell_join() {
  local arg
  printf "%s" "$1"
  shift
  for arg in "$@"; do
    printf " "
    printf "%s" "${arg// /\ }"
  done
}

chomp() {
  printf "%s" "${1/"$'\n'"/}"
}

ohai() {
  printf "${tty_blue}==>${tty_bold} %s${tty_reset}\n" "$(shell_join "$@")"
}

warn() {
  printf "${tty_red}Warning${tty_reset}: %s\n" "$(chomp "$1")"
}

abort() {
  printf "%s\n" "$1"
  exit 1
}

execute() {
  if ! "$@"; then
    abort "$(printf "Failed during: %s" "$(shell_join "$@")")"
  fi
}

execute_sudo() {
  local -a args=("$@")
  if [[ -n "${SUDO_ASKPASS-}" ]]; then
    args=("-A" "${args[@]}")
  fi
  if have_sudo_access; then
    ohai "/usr/bin/sudo" "${args[@]}"
    execute "/usr/bin/sudo" "${args[@]}"
  else
    ohai "${args[@]}"
    execute "${args[@]}"
  fi
}

getc() {
  local save_state
  save_state=$(/bin/stty -g)
  /bin/stty raw -echo
  IFS= read -r -n 1 -d '' "$@"
  /bin/stty "$save_state"
}

wait_for_user() {
  local c
  echo
  echo "Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort"
  getc c
  # we test for \r and \n because some stuff does \r instead
  if ! [[ "$c" == $'\r' || "$c" == $'\n' ]]; then
    exit 1
  fi
}

major_minor() {
  echo "${1%%.*}.$(x="${1#*.}"; echo "${x%%.*}")"
}

if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
  macos_version="$(major_minor "$(/usr/bin/sw_vers -productVersion)")"
fi

version_gt() {
  [[ "${1%.*}" -gt "${2%.*}" ]] || [[ "${1%.*}" -eq "${2%.*}" && "${1#*.}" -gt "${2#*.}" ]]
}
version_ge() {
  [[ "${1%.*}" -gt "${2%.*}" ]] || [[ "${1%.*}" -eq "${2%.*}" && "${1#*.}" -ge "${2#*.}" ]]
}
version_lt() {
  [[ "${1%.*}" -lt "${2%.*}" ]] || [[ "${1%.*}" -eq "${2%.*}" && "${1#*.}" -lt "${2#*.}" ]]
}

should_install_git() {
  if [[ $(command -v git) ]]; then
    return 1
  fi
}

should_install_command_line_tools() {
  if [[ -n "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
    return 1
  fi

  if version_gt "$macos_version" "10.13"; then
    ! [[ -e "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git" ]]
  else
    ! [[ -e "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git" ]] ||
      ! [[ -e "/usr/include/iconv.h" ]]
  fi
}

get_permission() {
  $STAT "%A" "$1"
}

user_only_chmod() {
  [[ -d "$1" ]] && [[ "$(get_permission "$1")" != "755" ]]
}

exists_but_not_writable() {
  [[ -e "$1" ]] && ! [[ -r "$1" && -w "$1" && -x "$1" ]]
}

get_owner() {
  $STAT "%u" "$1"
}

file_not_owned() {
  [[ "$(get_owner "$1")" != "$(id -u)" ]]
}

get_group() {
  $STAT "%g" "$1"
}

file_not_grpowned() {
  [[ " $(id -G "$USER") " != *" $(get_group "$1") "*  ]]
}

# Please sync with 'test_ruby()' in 'Library/Homebrew/utils/ruby.sh' from Homebrew/brew repository.
test_ruby () {
  if [[ ! -x $1 ]]
  then
    return 1
  fi

  "$1" --enable-frozen-string-literal --disable=gems,did_you_mean,rubyopt -rrubygems -e \
    "abort if Gem::Version.new(RUBY_VERSION.to_s.dup).to_s.split('.').first(2) != \
              Gem::Version.new('$REQUIRED_RUBY_VERSION').to_s.split('.').first(2)" 2>/dev/null
}

no_usable_ruby() {
  local ruby_exec
  IFS=$'\n' # Do word splitting on new lines only
  for ruby_exec in $(which -a ruby); do
    if test_ruby "$ruby_exec"; then
      return 1
    fi
  done
  IFS=$' \t\n' # Restore IFS to its default value
  return 0
}

outdated_glibc() {
  local glibc_version
  glibc_version=$(ldd --version | head -n1 | grep -o '[0-9.]*$' | grep -o '^[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+')
  version_lt "$glibc_version" "$REQUIRED_GLIBC_VERSION"
}

if [[ -n "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]] && no_usable_ruby && outdated_glibc
then
    abort "$(cat <<-EOFABORT
	Homebrew requires Ruby $REQUIRED_RUBY_VERSION which was not found on your system.
	Homebrew portable Ruby requires Glibc version $REQUIRED_GLIBC_VERSION or newer,
	and your Glibc version is too old.
	See ${tty_underline}https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux#requirements${tty_reset}
	Install Ruby $REQUIRED_RUBY_VERSION and add its location to your PATH.
	EOFABORT
    )"
fi

# USER isn't always set so provide a fall back for the installer and subprocesses.
if [[ -z "${USER-}" ]]; then
  USER="$(chomp "$(id -un)")"
  export USER
fi

# Invalidate sudo timestamp before exiting (if it wasn't active before).
if ! /usr/bin/sudo -n -v 2>/dev/null; then
  trap '/usr/bin/sudo -k' EXIT
fi

# Things can fail later if `pwd` doesn't exist.
# Also sudo prints a warning message for no good reason
cd "/usr" || exit 1

####################################################################### script
if should_install_git; then
    abort "$(cat <<EOABORT
You must install Git before installing Homebrew. See:
  ${tty_underline}https://docs.brew.sh/Installation${tty_reset}
EOABORT
)"
fi

if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
 have_sudo_access
else
  if [[ -n "${CI-}" ]] || [[ -w "$HOMEBREW_PREFIX_DEFAULT" ]] || [[ -w "/home/linuxbrew" ]] || [[ -w "/home" ]]; then
    HOMEBREW_PREFIX="$HOMEBREW_PREFIX_DEFAULT"
  else
    trap exit SIGINT
    if [[ $(/usr/bin/sudo -n -l mkdir 2>&1) != *"mkdir"* ]]; then
      ohai "Select the Homebrew installation directory"
      echo "- ${tty_bold}Enter your password${tty_reset} to install to ${tty_underline}${HOMEBREW_PREFIX_DEFAULT}${tty_reset} (${tty_bold}recommended${tty_reset})"
      echo "- ${tty_bold}Press Control-D${tty_reset} to install to ${tty_underline}$HOME/.linuxbrew${tty_reset}"
      echo "- ${tty_bold}Press Control-C${tty_reset} to cancel installation"
    fi
    if have_sudo_access; then
      HOMEBREW_PREFIX="$HOMEBREW_PREFIX_DEFAULT"
    else
      HOMEBREW_PREFIX="$HOME/.linuxbrew"
    fi
    trap - SIGINT
  fi
  HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY="${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/Homebrew"
fi

if [[ "$UID" == "0" ]]; then
  abort "Don't run this as root!"
elif [[ -d "$HOMEBREW_PREFIX" && ! -x "$HOMEBREW_PREFIX" ]]; then
  abort "$(cat <<EOABORT
The Homebrew prefix, ${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}, exists but is not searchable. If this is
not intentional, please restore the default permissions and try running the
installer again:
    sudo chmod 775 ${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}
EOABORT
)"
fi

if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
  if version_lt "$macos_version" "10.7"; then
    abort "$(cat <<EOABORT
Your Mac OS X version is too old. See:
  ${tty_underline}https://github.com/mistydemeo/tigerbrew${tty_reset}
EOABORT
)"
  elif version_lt "$macos_version" "10.9"; then
    abort "Your OS X version is too old"
  elif version_gt "$macos_version" "$MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED" || \
    version_lt "$macos_version" "$MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED"; then
    who="We"
    what=""
    if version_gt "$macos_version" "$MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED"; then
      what="pre-release version"
    else
      who+=" (and Apple)"
      what="old version"
    fi
    ohai "You are using macOS ${macos_version}."
    ohai "${who} do not provide support for this ${what}."

    echo "$(cat <<EOS
This installation may not succeed.
After installation, you will encounter build failures with some formulae.
Please create pull requests instead of asking for help on Homebrew\'s GitHub,
Discourse, Twitter or IRC. You are responsible for resolving any issues you
experience while you are running this ${what}.
EOS
)
"
  fi
fi

ohai "This script will install:"
echo "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew"
echo "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/doc/homebrew"
echo "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/man/man1/brew.1"
echo "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew"
echo "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/etc/bash_completion.d/brew"
echo "${HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY}"

# Keep relatively in sync with
# https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/blob/master/Library/Homebrew/keg.rb
directories=(bin etc include lib sbin share opt var
             Frameworks
             etc/bash_completion.d lib/pkgconfig
             share/aclocal share/doc share/info share/locale share/man
             share/man/man1 share/man/man2 share/man/man3 share/man/man4
             share/man/man5 share/man/man6 share/man/man7 share/man/man8
             var/log var/homebrew var/homebrew/linked
             bin/brew)
group_chmods=()
for dir in "${directories[@]}"; do
  if exists_but_not_writable "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/${dir}"; then
    group_chmods+=("${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/${dir}")
  fi
done

# zsh refuses to read from these directories if group writable
directories=(share/zsh share/zsh/site-functions)
zsh_dirs=()
for dir in "${directories[@]}"; do
  zsh_dirs+=("${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/${dir}")
done

directories=(bin etc include lib sbin share var opt
             share/zsh share/zsh/site-functions
             var/homebrew var/homebrew/linked
             Cellar Caskroom Homebrew Frameworks)
mkdirs=()
for dir in "${directories[@]}"; do
  if ! [[ -d "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/${dir}" ]]; then
    mkdirs+=("${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/${dir}")
  fi
done

user_chmods=()
if [[ "${#zsh_dirs[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  for dir in "${zsh_dirs[@]}"; do
    if user_only_chmod "${dir}"; then
      user_chmods+=("${dir}")
    fi
  done
fi

chmods=()
if [[ "${#group_chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  chmods+=("${group_chmods[@]}")
fi
if [[ "${#user_chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  chmods+=("${user_chmods[@]}")
fi

chowns=()
chgrps=()
if [[ "${#chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  for dir in "${chmods[@]}"; do
    if file_not_owned "${dir}"; then
      chowns+=("${dir}")
    fi
    if file_not_grpowned "${dir}"; then
      chgrps+=("${dir}")
    fi
  done
fi

if [[ "${#group_chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  ohai "The following existing directories will be made group writable:"
  printf "%s\n" "${group_chmods[@]}"
fi
if [[ "${#user_chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  ohai "The following existing directories will be made writable by user only:"
  printf "%s\n" "${user_chmods[@]}"
fi
if [[ "${#chowns[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  ohai "The following existing directories will have their owner set to ${tty_underline}${USER}${tty_reset}:"
  printf "%s\n" "${chowns[@]}"
fi
if [[ "${#chgrps[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  ohai "The following existing directories will have their group set to ${tty_underline}${GROUP}${tty_reset}:"
  printf "%s\n" "${chgrps[@]}"
fi
if [[ "${#mkdirs[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  ohai "The following new directories will be created:"
  printf "%s\n" "${mkdirs[@]}"
fi

if should_install_command_line_tools; then
  ohai "The Xcode Command Line Tools will be installed."
fi

if [[ -t 0 && -z "${CI-}" ]]; then
  wait_for_user
fi

if [[ -d "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}" ]]; then
  if [[ "${#chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
    execute_sudo "/bin/chmod" "u+rwx" "${chmods[@]}"
  fi
  if [[ "${#group_chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
    execute_sudo "/bin/chmod" "g+rwx" "${group_chmods[@]}"
  fi
  if [[ "${#user_chmods[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
    execute_sudo "/bin/chmod" "755" "${user_chmods[@]}"
  fi
  if [[ "${#chowns[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
    execute_sudo "$CHOWN" "$USER" "${chowns[@]}"
  fi
  if [[ "${#chgrps[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
    execute_sudo "$CHGRP" "$GROUP" "${chgrps[@]}"
  fi
else
  execute_sudo "/bin/mkdir" "-p" "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}"
  if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
    execute_sudo "$CHOWN" "root:wheel" "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}"
  else
    execute_sudo "$CHOWN" "$USER:$GROUP" "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}"
  fi
fi

if [[ "${#mkdirs[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
  execute_sudo "/bin/mkdir" "-p" "${mkdirs[@]}"
  execute_sudo "/bin/chmod" "g+rwx" "${mkdirs[@]}"
  execute_sudo "$CHOWN" "$USER" "${mkdirs[@]}"
  execute_sudo "$CHGRP" "$GROUP" "${mkdirs[@]}"
fi

if ! [[ -d "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}" ]]; then
  if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
    execute_sudo "/bin/mkdir" "-p" "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"
  else
    execute "/bin/mkdir" "-p" "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"
  fi
fi
if exists_but_not_writable "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"; then
  execute_sudo "/bin/chmod" "g+rwx" "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"
fi
if file_not_owned "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"; then
  execute_sudo "$CHOWN" "$USER" "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"
fi
if file_not_grpowned "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"; then
  execute_sudo "$CHGRP" "$GROUP" "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}"
fi
if [[ -d "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}" ]]; then
  execute "$TOUCH" "${HOMEBREW_CACHE}/.cleaned"
fi

if should_install_command_line_tools && version_ge "$macos_version" "10.13"; then
  ohai "Searching online for the Command Line Tools"
  # This temporary file prompts the 'softwareupdate' utility to list the Command Line Tools
  clt_placeholder="/tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress"
  execute_sudo "$TOUCH" "$clt_placeholder"

  clt_label_command="/usr/sbin/softwareupdate -l |
                      grep -B 1 -E 'Command Line Tools' |
                      awk -F'*' '/^ *\\*/ {print \$2}' |
                      sed -e 's/^ *Label: //' -e 's/^ *//' |
                      sort -V |
                      tail -n1"
  clt_label="$(chomp "$(/bin/bash -c "$clt_label_command")")"

  if [[ -n "$clt_label" ]]; then
    ohai "Installing $clt_label"
    execute_sudo "/usr/sbin/softwareupdate" "-i" "$clt_label"
    execute_sudo "/bin/rm" "-f" "$clt_placeholder"
    execute_sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select" "--switch" "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools"
  fi
fi

# Headless install may have failed, so fallback to original 'xcode-select' method
if should_install_command_line_tools && test -t 0; then
  ohai "Installing the Command Line Tools (expect a GUI popup):"
  execute_sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select" "--install"
  echo "Press any key when the installation has completed."
  getc
  execute_sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select" "--switch" "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools"
fi

if [[ -z "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]] && ! output="$(/usr/bin/xcrun clang 2>&1)" && [[ "$output" == *"license"* ]]; then
  abort "$(cat <<EOABORT
You have not agreed to the Xcode license.
Before running the installer again please agree to the license by opening
Xcode.app or running:
    sudo xcodebuild -license
EOABORT
)"
fi

ohai "Downloading and installing Homebrew..."
(
  cd "${HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY}" >/dev/null || return

  # we do it in four steps to avoid merge errors when reinstalling
  execute "git" "init" "-q"

  # "git remote add" will fail if the remote is defined in the global config
  execute "git" "config" "remote.origin.url" "${BREW_REPO}"
  execute "git" "config" "remote.origin.fetch" "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"

  # ensure we don't munge line endings on checkout
  execute "git" "config" "core.autocrlf" "false"

  execute "git" "fetch" "origin" "--force"
  execute "git" "fetch" "origin" "--tags" "--force"

  execute "git" "reset" "--hard" "origin/master"

  execute "ln" "-sf" "${HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY}/bin/brew" "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew"

  execute "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew" "update" "--force"
)

if [[ ":${PATH}:" != *":${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin:"* ]]; then
  warn "${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin is not in your PATH."
fi

ohai "Installation successful!"
echo

# Use the shell's audible bell.
if [[ -t 1 ]]; then
  printf "\a"
fi

# Use an extra newline and bold to avoid this being missed.
ohai "Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics."
echo "$(cat <<EOS
${tty_bold}Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
  ${tty_underline}https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics${tty_reset}
No analytics data has been sent yet (or will be during this \`install\` run).
EOS
)
"

ohai "Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:"
echo "$(cat <<EOS
  ${tty_underline}https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations${tty_reset}
EOS
)
"

(
  cd "${HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY}" >/dev/null || return
  execute "git" "config" "--replace-all" "homebrew.analyticsmessage" "true"
  execute "git" "config" "--replace-all" "homebrew.caskanalyticsmessage" "true"
)

ohai "Next steps:"
echo "- Run \`brew help\` to get started"
echo "- Further documentation: "
echo "    ${tty_underline}https://docs.brew.sh${tty_reset}"

if [[ -n "${HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX-}" ]]; then
  case "$SHELL" in
    */bash*)
      if [[ -r "$HOME/.bash_profile" ]]; then
        shell_profile="$HOME/.bash_profile"
      else
        shell_profile="$HOME/.profile"
      fi
      ;;
    */zsh*)
      shell_profile="$HOME/.zprofile"
      ;;
    *)
      shell_profile="$HOME/.profile"
      ;;
  esac

  cat <<EOS
- Install the Homebrew dependencies if you have sudo access:
  ${tty_bold}Debian, Ubuntu, etc.${tty_reset}
    sudo apt-get install build-essential
  ${tty_bold}Fedora, Red Hat, CentOS, etc.${tty_reset}
    sudo yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'
  See ${tty_underline}https://docs.brew.sh/linux${tty_reset} for more information.
- Configure Homebrew in your ${tty_underline}${shell_profile}${tty_reset} by running
    echo 'eval \$(${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew shellenv)' >> ${shell_profile}
- Add Homebrew to your ${tty_bold}PATH${tty_reset}
    eval \$(${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew shellenv)
- We recommend that you install GCC by running:
    brew install gcc

EOS
fi

嫌麻烦可以点击这里下载我做好的install.sh

然后给它权限

chmod 777 install.sh

然后直接拖入终端执行，回车就可以安装了。

安装成功后升级一下

brew update && brew upgrade

• Pip3（管理Python相关的包）

  因为MacOS默认Python3，自带了pip3，所以只需要升级一下就好

  • 升级:

pip3 install --upgrade pip

• Conda（Anaconda的包管理器，多管理Python数据科学相关的包）

版本控制：

• Git

安装了HomeBrew之后一切都变得容易

安装

brew install git

编程环境：

Java：

安装JDK，推荐8以上，现在Oracle官网下载JDK相当麻烦了，还需要账号，这里提供我的一个JDK8的离线版

点击这里下载

Python：

因为自带了Python3.7可以直接使用

C/C++：

MacOS的内核是BSDUnix，可以看作自带clang编译器（理解成类Unix的gcc），所以也不需要配置，直接可以编译运行

Go:

安装：

brew install go

Node.js：

安装:

brew install node

命令环境：

我的搭配是 ITerm2 + Oh_my_zsh + Tmux

ITerm2:

直接官网下载，点击这里

Oh_My_Zsh:

同样会出现无法访问的问题，我提供以下代码，使用和HomeBrew一样

#!/bin/sh
#
# This script should be run via curl:
#   sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
# or wget:
#   sh -c "$(wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
#
# As an alternative, you can first download the install script and run it afterwards:
#   wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh
#   sh install.sh
#
# You can tweak the install behavior by setting variables when running the script. For
# example, to change the path to the Oh My Zsh repository:
#   ZSH=~/.zsh sh install.sh
#
# Respects the following environment variables:
#   ZSH     - path to the Oh My Zsh repository folder (default: $HOME/.oh-my-zsh)
#   REPO    - name of the GitHub repo to install from (default: ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh)
#   REMOTE  - full remote URL of the git repo to install (default: GitHub via HTTPS)
#   BRANCH  - branch to check out immediately after install (default: master)
#
# Other options:
#   CHSH       - 'no' means the installer will not change the default shell (default: yes)
#   RUNZSH     - 'no' means the installer will not run zsh after the install (default: yes)
#   KEEP_ZSHRC - 'yes' means the installer will not replace an existing .zshrc (default: no)
#
# You can also pass some arguments to the install script to set some these options:
#   --skip-chsh: has the same behavior as setting CHSH to 'no'
#   --unattended: sets both CHSH and RUNZSH to 'no'
#   --keep-zshrc: sets KEEP_ZSHRC to 'yes'
# For example:
#   sh install.sh --unattended
#
set -e

# Default settings
ZSH=${ZSH:-~/.oh-my-zsh}
REPO=${REPO:-ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh}
REMOTE=${REMOTE:-https://github.com/${REPO}.git}
BRANCH=${BRANCH:-master}

# Other options
CHSH=${CHSH:-yes}
RUNZSH=${RUNZSH:-yes}
KEEP_ZSHRC=${KEEP_ZSHRC:-no}


command_exists() {
	command -v "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1
}

error() {
	echo ${RED}"Error: $@"${RESET} >&2
}

setup_color() {
	# Only use colors if connected to a terminal
	if [ -t 1 ]; then
		RED=$(printf '\033[31m')
		GREEN=$(printf '\033[32m')
		YELLOW=$(printf '\033[33m')
		BLUE=$(printf '\033[34m')
		BOLD=$(printf '\033[1m')
		RESET=$(printf '\033[m')
	else
		RED=""
		GREEN=""
		YELLOW=""
		BLUE=""
		BOLD=""
		RESET=""
	fi
}

setup_ohmyzsh() {
	# Prevent the cloned repository from having insecure permissions. Failing to do
	# so causes compinit() calls to fail with "command not found: compdef" errors
	# for users with insecure umasks (e.g., "002", allowing group writability). Note
	# that this will be ignored under Cygwin by default, as Windows ACLs take
	# precedence over umasks except for filesystems mounted with option "noacl".
	umask g-w,o-w

	echo "${BLUE}Cloning Oh My Zsh...${RESET}"

	command_exists git || {
		error "git is not installed"
		exit 1
	}

	if [ "$OSTYPE" = cygwin ] && git --version | grep -q msysgit; then
		error "Windows/MSYS Git is not supported on Cygwin"
		error "Make sure the Cygwin git package is installed and is first on the \$PATH"
		exit 1
	fi

	git clone -c core.eol=lf -c core.autocrlf=false \
		-c fsck.zeroPaddedFilemode=ignore \
		-c fetch.fsck.zeroPaddedFilemode=ignore \
		-c receive.fsck.zeroPaddedFilemode=ignore \
		--depth=1 --branch "$BRANCH" "$REMOTE" "$ZSH" || {
		error "git clone of oh-my-zsh repo failed"
		exit 1
	}

	echo
}

setup_zshrc() {
	# Keep most recent old .zshrc at .zshrc.pre-oh-my-zsh, and older ones
	# with datestamp of installation that moved them aside, so we never actually
	# destroy a user's original zshrc
	echo "${BLUE}Looking for an existing zsh config...${RESET}"

	# Must use this exact name so uninstall.sh can find it
	OLD_ZSHRC=~/.zshrc.pre-oh-my-zsh
	if [ -f ~/.zshrc ] || [ -h ~/.zshrc ]; then
		# Skip this if the user doesn't want to replace an existing .zshrc
		if [ $KEEP_ZSHRC = yes ]; then
			echo "${YELLOW}Found ~/.zshrc.${RESET} ${GREEN}Keeping...${RESET}"
			return
		fi
		if [ -e "$OLD_ZSHRC" ]; then
			OLD_OLD_ZSHRC="${OLD_ZSHRC}-$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S)"
			if [ -e "$OLD_OLD_ZSHRC" ]; then
				error "$OLD_OLD_ZSHRC exists. Can't back up ${OLD_ZSHRC}"
				error "re-run the installer again in a couple of seconds"
				exit 1
			fi
			mv "$OLD_ZSHRC" "${OLD_OLD_ZSHRC}"

			echo "${YELLOW}Found old ~/.zshrc.pre-oh-my-zsh." \
				"${GREEN}Backing up to ${OLD_OLD_ZSHRC}${RESET}"
		fi
		echo "${YELLOW}Found ~/.zshrc.${RESET} ${GREEN}Backing up to ${OLD_ZSHRC}${RESET}"
		mv ~/.zshrc "$OLD_ZSHRC"
	fi

	echo "${GREEN}Using the Oh My Zsh template file and adding it to ~/.zshrc.${RESET}"

	sed "/^export ZSH=/ c\\
export ZSH=\"$ZSH\"
" "$ZSH/templates/zshrc.zsh-template" > ~/.zshrc-omztemp
	mv -f ~/.zshrc-omztemp ~/.zshrc

	echo
}

setup_shell() {
	# Skip setup if the user wants or stdin is closed (not running interactively).
	if [ $CHSH = no ]; then
		return
	fi

	# If this user's login shell is already "zsh", do not attempt to switch.
	if [ "$(basename "$SHELL")" = "zsh" ]; then
		return
	fi

	# If this platform doesn't provide a "chsh" command, bail out.
	if ! command_exists chsh; then
		cat <<-EOF
			I can't change your shell automatically because this system does not have chsh.
			${BLUE}Please manually change your default shell to zsh${RESET}
		EOF
		return
	fi

	echo "${BLUE}Time to change your default shell to zsh:${RESET}"

	# Prompt for user choice on changing the default login shell
	printf "${YELLOW}Do you want to change your default shell to zsh? [Y/n]${RESET} "
	read opt
	case $opt in
		y*|Y*|"") echo "Changing the shell..." ;;
		n*|N*) echo "Shell change skipped."; return ;;
		*) echo "Invalid choice. Shell change skipped."; return ;;
	esac

	# Check if we're running on Termux
	case "$PREFIX" in
		*com.termux*) termux=true; zsh=zsh ;;
		*) termux=false ;;
	esac

	if [ "$termux" != true ]; then
		# Test for the right location of the "shells" file
		if [ -f /etc/shells ]; then
			shells_file=/etc/shells
		elif [ -f /usr/share/defaults/etc/shells ]; then # Solus OS
			shells_file=/usr/share/defaults/etc/shells
		else
			error "could not find /etc/shells file. Change your default shell manually."
			return
		fi

		# Get the path to the right zsh binary
		# 1. Use the most preceding one based on $PATH, then check that it's in the shells file
		# 2. If that fails, get a zsh path from the shells file, then check it actually exists
		if ! zsh=$(which zsh) || ! grep -qx "$zsh" "$shells_file"; then
			if ! zsh=$(grep '^/.*/zsh$' "$shells_file" | tail -1) || [ ! -f "$zsh" ]; then
				error "no zsh binary found or not present in '$shells_file'"
				error "change your default shell manually."
				return
			fi
		fi
	fi

	# We're going to change the default shell, so back up the current one
	if [ -n "$SHELL" ]; then
		echo $SHELL > ~/.shell.pre-oh-my-zsh
	else
		grep "^$USER:" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '{print $7}' > ~/.shell.pre-oh-my-zsh
	fi

	# Actually change the default shell to zsh
	if ! chsh -s "$zsh"; then
		error "chsh command unsuccessful. Change your default shell manually."
	else
		export SHELL="$zsh"
		echo "${GREEN}Shell successfully changed to '$zsh'.${RESET}"
	fi

	echo
}

main() {
	# Run as unattended if stdin is closed
	if [ ! -t 0 ]; then
		RUNZSH=no
		CHSH=no
	fi

	# Parse arguments
	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
		case $1 in
			--unattended) RUNZSH=no; CHSH=no ;;
			--skip-chsh) CHSH=no ;;
			--keep-zshrc) KEEP_ZSHRC=yes ;;
		esac
		shift
	done

	setup_color

	if ! command_exists zsh; then
		echo "${YELLOW}Zsh is not installed.${RESET} Please install zsh first."
		exit 1
	fi

	if [ -d "$ZSH" ]; then
		cat <<-EOF
			${YELLOW}You already have Oh My Zsh installed.${RESET}
			You'll need to remove '$ZSH' if you want to reinstall.
		EOF
		exit 1
	fi

	setup_ohmyzsh
	setup_zshrc
	setup_shell

	printf "$GREEN"
	cat <<-'EOF'
		         __                                     __
		  ____  / /_     ____ ___  __  __   ____  _____/ /_
		 / __ \/ __ \   / __ `__ \/ / / /  /_  / / ___/ __ \
		/ /_/ / / / /  / / / / / / /_/ /    / /_(__  ) / / /
		\____/_/ /_/  /_/ /_/ /_/\__, /    /___/____/_/ /_/
		                        /____/                       ....is now installed!


		Please look over the ~/.zshrc file to select plugins, themes, and options.

		p.s. Follow us on https://twitter.com/ohmyzsh

		p.p.s. Get stickers, shirts, and coffee mugs at https://shop.planetargon.com/collections/oh-my-zsh

	EOF
	printf "$RESET"

	if [ $RUNZSH = no ]; then
		echo "${YELLOW}Run zsh to try it out.${RESET}"
		exit
	fi

	exec zsh -l
}

main "$@"

保存 给权限之后运行

Tmux

安装：

brew install tmux

基础篇：暂时先到这里啦，希望对你有所帮助～