SharePoint REST API - 使用REST API和jQuery上传一个文件
博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/FoxDave
本篇主要通过两个代码示例来展示如何应用REST API和jQuery上传文件到SharePoint。
示例会使用REST接口和jQuery AJAX请求来将一个本地文件添加到SharePoint文档库并修改它的一些属性。主要有以下几个操作步骤：
1. 使用FileReader API将本地文件转换成数组（需要HTML5支持），jQuery的(document).ready函数会检查浏览器对FileReader API的支持情况。
2. 使用文件夹的文件集合对象的Add方法将文件添加到文档库，将数组缓冲放到POST请求的body里。本文介绍的示例会使用getfolderbyserverrelativeurl端点来获取文件集合对象，如果不用这个，你也可以使用列表端点如…/_api/web/lists/getbytitle('')/rootfolder/files/add。
3. 使用ListItemAllFields属性来获取与上传文件相对应的列表项。
4. 使用MERGE请求来更改列表项的标题和显示名。
运行代码示例
本文中的两个代码示例使用REST API和jQuery AJAX请求来上传文件到文档库，然后更改对应列表项的属性。第一个例子使用SP.AppContextSite来跨SharePoint域进行调用，就像SharePoint承载的Add-in在上传文件到承载它的网站时做的那样。另一个例子是在同域调用的，就像上传到Add-in所在的网站时做的那样。
注意用JavaScript编写的提供程序承载的Add-in必须使用SP.RequestExecutor跨域库来向SharePoint域发送请求。
使用本文提到的示例，你需要做以下事情：
1. 首先你要有SharePoint Server 2013、2016或者是Online的环境。
2. 执行代码的用户需要有对文档库的写权限，如果你开发的是一个SharePoint Add-in的话，你可以在列表范围指定写权限。
3. 支持FileReader API（HTML5）的浏览器。
4. 在你的页面中引用jQuery库，例如：
大师傅下面的代码示例将文件上传到承载SharePoint Add-in的SharePoint网站。
'use strict';
var appWebUrl, hostWebUrl;
jQuery(document).ready(function () {
// Check for FileReader API (HTML5) support.
if (!window.FileReader) {
alert('This browser does not support the FileReader API.');
}
// Get the add-in web and host web URLs.
appWebUrl = decodeURIComponent(getQueryStringParameter("SPAppWebUrl"));
hostWebUrl = decodeURIComponent(getQueryStringParameter("SPHostUrl"));
});
// Upload the file.
// You can upload files up to 2 GB with the REST API.
function uploadFile() {
// Define the folder path for this example.
var serverRelativeUrlToFolder = '/shared documents';
// Get test values from the file input and text input page controls.
// The display name must be unique every time you run the example.
var fileInput = jQuery('#getFile');
var newName = jQuery('#displayName').val();
// Initiate method calls using jQuery promises.
// Get the local file as an array buffer.
var getFile = getFileBuffer();
getFile.done(function (arrayBuffer) {
// Add the file to the SharePoint folder.
var addFile = addFileToFolder(arrayBuffer);
addFile.done(function (file, status, xhr) {
// Get the list item that corresponds to the uploaded file.
var getItem = getListItem(file.d.ListItemAllFields.__deferred.uri);
getItem.done(function (listItem, status, xhr) {
// Change the display name and title of the list item.
var changeItem = updateListItem(listItem.d.__metadata);
changeItem.done(function (data, status, xhr) {
alert('file uploaded and updated');
});
changeItem.fail(onError);
});
getItem.fail(onError);
});
addFile.fail(onError);
});
getFile.fail(onError);
// Get the local file as an array buffer.
function getFileBuffer() {
var deferred = jQuery.Deferred();
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onloadend = function (e) {
deferred.resolve(e.target.result);
}
reader.onerror = function (e) {
deferred.reject(e.target.error);
}
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(fileInput[0].files[0]);
return deferred.promise();
}
// Add the file to the file collection in the Shared Documents folder.
function addFileToFolder(arrayBuffer) {
// Get the file name from the file input control on the page.
var parts = fileInput[0].value.split('\\');
var fileName = parts[parts.length - 1];
// Construct the endpoint.
var fileCollectionEndpoint = String.format(
"{0}/_api/sp.appcontextsite(@target)/web/getfolderbyserverrelativeurl('{1}')/files" +
"/add(overwrite=true, url='{2}')?@target='{3}'",
appWebUrl, serverRelativeUrlToFolder, fileName, hostWebUrl);
// Send the request and return the response.
// This call returns the SharePoint file.
return jQuery.ajax({
url: fileCollectionEndpoint,
type: "POST",
data: arrayBuffer,
processData: false,
headers: {
"accept": "application/json;odata=verbose",
"X-RequestDigest": jQuery("#__REQUESTDIGEST").val(),
"content-length": arrayBuffer.byteLength
}
});
}
// Get the list item that corresponds to the file by calling the file's ListItemAllFields property.
function getListItem(fileListItemUri) {
// Construct the endpoint.
// The list item URI uses the host web, but the cross-domain call is sent to the
// add-in web and specifies the host web as the context site.
fileListItemUri = fileListItemUri.replace(hostWebUrl, '{0}');
fileListItemUri = fileListItemUri.replace('_api/Web', '_api/sp.appcontextsite(@target)/web');
var listItemAllFieldsEndpoint = String.format(fileListItemUri + "?@target='{1}'",
appWebUrl, hostWebUrl);
// Send the request and return the response.
return jQuery.ajax({
url: listItemAllFieldsEndpoint,
type: "GET",
headers: { "accept": "application/json;odata=verbose" }
});
}
// Change the display name and title of the list item.
function updateListItem(itemMetadata) {
// Construct the endpoint.
// Specify the host web as the context site.
var listItemUri = itemMetadata.uri.replace('_api/Web', '_api/sp.appcontextsite(@target)/web');
var listItemEndpoint = String.format(listItemUri + "?@target='{0}'", hostWebUrl);
// Define the list item changes. Use the FileLeafRef property to change the display name.
// For simplicity, also use the name as the title.
// The example gets the list item type from the item's metadata, but you can also get it from the
// ListItemEntityTypeFullName property of the list.
var body = String.format("{{'__metadata':{{'type':'{0}'}},'FileLeafRef':'{1}','Title':'{2}'}}",
itemMetadata.type, newName, newName);
// Send the request and return the promise.
// This call does not return response content from the server.
return jQuery.ajax({
url: listItemEndpoint,
type: "POST",
data: body,
headers: {
"X-RequestDigest": jQuery("#__REQUESTDIGEST").val(),
"content-type": "application/json;odata=verbose",
"content-length": body.length,
"IF-MATCH": itemMetadata.etag,
"X-HTTP-Method": "MERGE"
}
});
}
}
// Display error messages.
function onError(error) {
alert(error.responseText);
}
// Get parameters from the query string.
// For production purposes you may want to use a library to handle the query string.
function getQueryStringParameter(paramToRetrieve) {
var params = document.URL.split("?")[1].split("&");
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i = i + 1) {
var singleParam = params[i].split("=");
if (singleParam[0] == paramToRetrieve) return singleParam[1];
}
}'use strict';
jQuery(document).ready(function () {
// Check for FileReader API (HTML5) support.
if (!window.FileReader) {
alert('This browser does not support the FileReader API.');
}
});
// Upload the file.
// You can upload files up to 2 GB with the REST API.
function uploadFile() {
// Define the folder path for this example.
var serverRelativeUrlToFolder = '/shared documents';
// Get test values from the file input and text input page controls.
var fileInput = jQuery('#getFile');
var newName = jQuery('#displayName').val();
// Get the server URL.
var serverUrl = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl;
// Initiate method calls using jQuery promises.
// Get the local file as an array buffer.
var getFile = getFileBuffer();
getFile.done(function (arrayBuffer) {
// Add the file to the SharePoint folder.
var addFile = addFileToFolder(arrayBuffer);
addFile.done(function (file, status, xhr) {
// Get the list item that corresponds to the uploaded file.
var getItem = getListItem(file.d.ListItemAllFields.__deferred.uri);
getItem.done(function (listItem, status, xhr) {
// Change the display name and title of the list item.
var changeItem = updateListItem(listItem.d.__metadata);
changeItem.done(function (data, status, xhr) {
alert('file uploaded and updated');
});
changeItem.fail(onError);
});
getItem.fail(onError);
});
addFile.fail(onError);
});
getFile.fail(onError);
// Get the local file as an array buffer.
function getFileBuffer() {
var deferred = jQuery.Deferred();
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onloadend = function (e) {
deferred.resolve(e.target.result);
}
reader.onerror = function (e) {
deferred.reject(e.target.error);
}
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(fileInput[0].files[0]);
return deferred.promise();
}
// Add the file to the file collection in the Shared Documents folder.
function addFileToFolder(arrayBuffer) {
// Get the file name from the file input control on the page.
var parts = fileInput[0].value.split('\\');
var fileName = parts[parts.length - 1];
// Construct the endpoint.
var fileCollectionEndpoint = String.format(
"{0}/_api/web/getfolderbyserverrelativeurl('{1}')/files" +
"/add(overwrite=true, url='{2}')",
serverUrl, serverRelativeUrlToFolder, fileName);
// Send the request and return the response.
// This call returns the SharePoint file.
return jQuery.ajax({
url: fileCollectionEndpoint,
type: "POST",
data: arrayBuffer,
processData: false,
headers: {
"accept": "application/json;odata=verbose",
"X-RequestDigest": jQuery("#__REQUESTDIGEST").val(),
"content-length": arrayBuffer.byteLength
}
});
}
// Get the list item that corresponds to the file by calling the file's ListItemAllFields property.
function getListItem(fileListItemUri) {
// Send the request and return the response.
return jQuery.ajax({
url: fileListItemUri,
type: "GET",
headers: { "accept": "application/json;odata=verbose" }
});
}
// Change the display name and title of the list item.
function updateListItem(itemMetadata) {
// Define the list item changes. Use the FileLeafRef property to change the display name.
// For simplicity, also use the name as the title.
// The example gets the list item type from the item's metadata, but you can also get it from the
// ListItemEntityTypeFullName property of the list.
var body = String.format("{{'__metadata':{{'type':'{0}'}},'FileLeafRef':'{1}','Title':'{2}'}}",
itemMetadata.type, newName, newName);
// Send the request and return the promise.
// This call does not return response content from the server.
return jQuery.ajax({
url: itemMetadata.uri,
type: "POST",
data: body,
headers: {
"X-RequestDigest": jQuery("#__REQUESTDIGEST").val(),
"content-type": "application/json;odata=verbose",
"content-length": body.length,
"IF-MATCH": itemMetadata.etag,
"X-HTTP-Method": "MERGE"
}
});
}
}
// Display error messages.
function onError(error) {
alert(error.responseText);
}