Linux下Oracle Dataguard配置方法

配置物理standby

配置环境

Oracle:	Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit
机器名:	CFBDB1	CFBDB2
IP:	192.168.0.188	192.168.1.188
Net_Name	lscfb1	lscfb2
SID	dgtest	dgtest
DB_UNIQUE_NAME	primary	standby

 

1.        主节点上创建数据库dgtest,备节点上只安装oracle软件不创建任何数据库;

2.        主备节点上分别配置好监控和网络名

主节点listener.ora：

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (PROGRAM = extproc)

    )

   (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dgtest)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (SID_NAME = dgtest)

    )

  )

 

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = CFBDB1)(PORT = 1521))

    )

 

备节点listener.ora:

/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (PROGRAM = extproc)

    )

   (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dgtest)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (SID_NAME = dgtest)

    )

  )

 

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = CFBDB2)(PORT = 1521))

    )

 

主备节点的tnsname.ora内容一样：

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 

LSCFB2 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.188)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = dgtest)

    )

  )

 

LSCFB1 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.188)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = dgtest)

    )

  )

 

3.        将置为启用归档模式并启用强制归档

[oracle@CFBDB1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jan 18 14:10:10 2011

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

 

SQL> alter database force logging;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode              No Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Disabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     16

Current log sequence           18

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  515899392 bytes

Fixed Size                  2021952 bytes

Variable Size             167773632 bytes

Database Buffers          339738624 bytes

Redo Buffers                6365184 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     16

Next log sequence to archive   18

Current log sequence           18

 

4.        创建密码文件(如果用dbca创建的库，则密码文件已自动创建)

[oracle@CFBDB1 dbs]$ orapwd file='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwdgtest.ora' password=test123 entries=10

 

5.        添加standby logfile(也可以不加)

为主数据库添加"备用联机日志文件"，这里要保证备日志文件与主库联机日志文件相同大小。

 

    添加备用日志文件是规则：

        备用日志最少应该比redo log 多一个。

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

 

SQL>alter database add standby logfile

        group 4 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo04a.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo04b.log') size 50m,

        group 5 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo05a.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo05b.log') size 50m,

        group 6 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo06a.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo06b.log') size 50m,

        group 7 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo07a.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest/std_redo07b.log') size 50m;

 

 

6.        创建主库的pfile并修改

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  515899392 bytes

Fixed Size                  2021952 bytes

Variable Size             167773632 bytes

Database Buffers          339738624 bytes

Redo Buffers                6365184 bytes

Database mounted.

 

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

 

File created.

 

修改或添加以下内容

DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'

log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'

log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=lscfb2 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

fal_server=standby

fal_client=primary

remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest'

log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest'

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

 

7.        创建standby数据控制文件，放在数据文件目录中,后面一次性复制到备机

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/opt/oracle/oradata/standby.ctl';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

 

8.       删除spfile文件，下次启动时自动找pfile文件

[oracle@CFBDB1 dbs]$ rm spfiledgtest.ora

9.        拷贝文件，包括数据文件，standby controlfile，密码文件，参数文件，至standby服务器,此处我们将目录admin 、flash_recovery_area、 oradata一并复制到备机

[oracle@CFBDB1 dbs]$ scp initdgtest.ora oracle@cfbdb2:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/

[oracle@CFBDB1 dbs]$ scp orapwdgtest oracle@cfbdb2:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/

[oracle@CFBDB1 oracle]$ scp -r admin flash_recovery_area oradata oracle@cfbdb2:/opt/oracle

 

用pfile启动数据库

SQL> Shutdown immediate

SQL> startup pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/inittest1.ora'

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/inittest1.ora';

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup

 

 

 

 

备机:

10.    在备节点上，先删除从主库拷过来的控制文件，并用standby.ctl替代

[oracle@CFBDB2 dgtest]$ rm -f control0*.ctl

[oracle@CFBDB2 dgtest]$ mv ../standby.ctl dgtest/control01.ctl

[oracle@CFBDB2 dgtest]$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl

[oracle@CFBDB2 dgtest]$ cp control01.ctl control03.ctl

 

11.    修改备节点的参数文件（在从刚刚拷过来的主库initdgtest.ora文件基础上修改）

DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'

log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'

log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=lscfb1 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

fal_server=primary

fal_client=standby

remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest'

log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest','/opt/oracle/oradata/dgtest'

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

 

12.    启动主库和备库的listener

13.    启动主库,并从备节点上通过tnsname测试是否连通

14.    启动备库到mount状态

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  515899392 bytes

Fixed Size                  2021952 bytes

Variable Size             146802112 bytes

Database Buffers          360710144 bytes

Redo Buffers                6365184 bytes

Database mounted.

 

15.    备库上执行以下命令使备库自动应用已归档的日志

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

 

验证：

1.在备库上看当前已归档日志

SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time from v$archived_log order by sequence#;

 

no rows selected

显示当前备份还没有归档日志被应用

 

2.在主库上执行归档命令并查看已归档的日志;

SQL> alter system archive log current;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time from v$archived_log order by sequence#;

 

 SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME

---------- ---------- ----------

         3 24-1? -11  25-1? -11

         3 24-1? -11  25-1? -11

 

3.再次在备库上看当前已归档日志

SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log order by sequence#;

 

SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME  APP

---------- ---------- ---------- ---

         3 24-1? -11  25-1? -11  YES

至此表示主库的归档日志已传送到备机，并被备库成功就用，表示DATAGUARD已配置成功.

 

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