PWA 渐进式实践 (2) - Service Worker

作为 PWA 的象征之一,我们首先做的,就是加上 Service Worker。

添加 Service Worker

注册

我们的项目是使用 ejs 在 webpack 阶段注入几个变量生成最后的 index.html 的,所以直接拿 index.ejs 动刀即可:

<body>
  <div id="container">div>
  <script src="<%= bundle %>">script>
  <script>
    if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
      navigator.serviceWorker.register('/service-worker.js', {
        scope: './'
      }).then(function(registration) {
        registration.onupdatefound = function() {
          if (navigator.serviceWorker.controller) {
            const installingWorker = registration.installing;
            installingWorker.onstatechange = function() {
              switch (installingWorker.state) {
                case 'installed':
                  break;
                case 'redundant':
                  throw new Error('The installing ' +
                    'service worker became redundant.');
                default:
                // Ignore
              }
            };
          }
        };
      }).catch(function(e) {
        console.error('Error during service worker registration:', e);
      });
    } else {
      console.log('service worker is not supported');
    }
  script>

即 body 中,第二个 script 标签的内容,其参数 service-worker.js,是与 index.html 在同一个目录的空文件:

// This file is intentionally without code.
// It's present so that service worker registration
// will work when serving from the 'public' directory.

实际上打包后会生成真正的 service-worker.js,所以现在只是用来占个位子。

纳尼?这样就好了?

确实,这样,我们就已经完成了注册,这也是 PWA 和微信小程序这种二流方案不同的地方,其更注重于如何提高现有设计实现下的体验,使用开放的标准并进行推进。

Cache 策略

下一步就是增加我们的缓存策略了,我们需要安装 2 个小工具:

npm install sw-precache --save
npm install sw-toolbox --save

然后在 package.json 里面更新一下我们的 script:

"scripts": {
  "build": "npm run copy && node run build && npm run precache",
  "build:debug": "npm run copy && node run build --debug && npm run precache",
  "copy": "cp node_modules/sw-toolbox/sw-toolbox.js public/sw-toolbox.js",
  "precache": "./node_modules/sw-precache/cli.js --root=public --config=sw-precache-config.json"
}

如上,增加 copy 和 precache 任务,并更新 build,在 build 前后插入新的 task。

然后就是配置文件了,在项目目录下,增加 sw-precache-config.json 文件:

{
  "staticFileGlobs": [
    "public/dist/**.css",
    "public/dist/**.png",
    "public/dist/**.js"
  ],
  "importScripts": [
    "sw-toolbox.js",
    "runtime-caching.js"
  ],
  "stripPrefix": "public/",
  "verbose": true
}

在 public 目录下,增加 runtime-caching.js 文件:

// global.toolbox is defined in a different script, sw-toolbox.js, which is part of the
// https://github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-toolbox project.
// That sw-toolbox.js script must be executed first, so it needs to be listed before this in the
// importScripts() call that the parent service worker makes.
(function (global) {
  // See https://github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-toolbox/blob/6e8242dc328d1f1cfba624269653724b26fa94f1/README.md#toolboxroutergeturlpattern-handler-options
  // and https://github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-toolbox/blob/6e8242dc328d1f1cfba624269653724b26fa94f1/README.md#toolboxfastest
  // for more details on how this handler is defined and what the toolbox.fastest strategy does.
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.*)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: /\.(?:googleapis|gstatic|firebaseio|appspot)\.com$/,
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.+)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: 'https://api.pai.bigins.cn/',
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.+)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: 'https://qa.api.pai.bigins.cn/',
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/*', global.toolbox.fastest);
}(self));

运行一下 npm run build,发现 service-worker.js 被更新了,里面是生成的策略脚本。

评测

再次运行 Lighthouse 后,发现我们的评分已经嗖嗖嗖上去了:

PWA 渐进式实践 (2) - Service Worker_第1张图片

离线依然返回 200

这里的秘密就在 runtime-caching.js 文件里,我们更新一下:

// global.toolbox is defined in a different script, sw-toolbox.js, which is part of the
// https://github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-toolbox project.
// That sw-toolbox.js script must be executed first, so it needs to be listed before this in the
// importScripts() call that the parent service worker makes.
(function (global) {
  // See https://github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-toolbox/blob/6e8242dc328d1f1cfba624269653724b26fa94f1/README.md#toolboxroutergeturlpattern-handler-options
  // and https://github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-toolbox/blob/6e8242dc328d1f1cfba624269653724b26fa94f1/README.md#toolboxfastest
  // for more details on how this handler is defined and what the toolbox.fastest strategy does.
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.*)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: /\.(?:googleapis|gstatic|firebaseio|appspot)\.com$/,
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.+)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: 'https://api.pai.bigins.cn/',
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.+)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: 'https://qa.api.pai.bigins.cn/',
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/(.+)', global.toolbox.fastest, {
    origin: 'https://pai.bigins.cn/',
  });
  global.toolbox.router.get('/*', global.toolbox.fastest);
  global.toolbox.precache(['/index.html', '/index.css', '/img/logo.png']);
}(self));

然后再提交构建一下,在 Chrome 的 Network Panel 中,勾选 Offline,然后刷新页面,哇,依然可以用诶。

评测

PWA 渐进式实践 (2) - Service Worker_第2张图片

通过完善 Service Worker,我们的评分已经嗖嗖嗖上了80,达到了83分。

What’s next

PWA 渐进式实践 (2) - Service Worker_第3张图片

剩下的就是一些比较棘手的性能和体验问题了,我们下回见。

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