Thrift是一个软件框架,用来进行可扩展且跨语言的服务的开发。它结合了功能强大的软件堆栈和代码生成引擎,以构建在 C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, JavaScript, Node.js, Smalltalk, and OCaml 等等编程语言间无缝结合的、高效的服务。
Thrift最初由facebook开发,07年四月开放源码,08年5月进入apache孵化器。thrift允许你定义一个简单的定义文件中的数据类型和服务接口。以作为输入文件,编译器生成代码用来方便地生成RPC客户端和服务器通信的无缝跨编程语言。
thrift框架中的客户端和服务器端可以通过二进制数据来传输数据,数据量比起soap,json均更小,可以减少带宽占用。
以下就简单描述以下用框架工作的实际流程:
首先需要在电脑上安装thrift,这里下载的thrift-0.10.0.tar.gz包,可以在github上查到。
然后需要创建一个thrift文件,我这里创建了一个用户相关的文件user.thrift,具体内容如下:
namespace php UserModule
struct User {
1:optional i64 id,
2:required string username,
3:optional string email,
4:optional string password,
5:optional i32 age,
6:optional string tel
}
exception InvalidException {
1:i32 code,
2:string message
}
enum UserStatus {
DefaultValue=0, //新创建未认证
isAuthed=1, //已认证
isDeleted=2 //已删除
}
struct InParamsUser {
1:optional string username,
2:optional i32 age,
3:optional string email,
4:optional string tel,
5:optional i32 status = UserStatus.DefaultValue,
6:optional i32 page,
7:optional i32 pageSize
}
struct OutputParamsUser {
1:i32 page,
2:i32 pageSize,
3:i32 totalNum,
4:list records
}
service LoginService {
User Login(1:string username, 2:string pwd) throws (1:InvalidException ex),
User Register(1:string username,2:string pwd) throws (1:InvalidException ex),
string getCheckCode(1:string sessionid) throws (1:InvalidException ex),
string verifyCheckCode(1:string sessionid, 2:string checkcode) throws (1:InvalidException ex)
}
service UserService {
User Detail(1:i64 id) throws (1:InvalidException ex),
User Update(1:User user) throws (1:InvalidException ex),
OutputParamsUser search(1:InParamsUser inParams),
map getAllStatus()
}
然后根据该thrift文件生成相应的service、types文件
这里先把虚拟机上的linux项目文件列举一下:
首先这是网站根目录下的thrift文件夹
然后在ThriftGen目录下放入user.thrift,并执行相关命令
thrift -gen php:server user.thrift
thrift -gen php user.thrift
生成的三个文件如下图所示:
这三个文件很重要的,如果user.thrift文件格式错误会导致生成失败。
然后先创建服务端文件,userserver.php,内容如下:
registerNamespace('Thrift', __DIR__ . '/PHP');
$loader->registerDefinition('UserModule', $GEN_DIR);
$loader->register();
if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {
ini_set("display_errors", "stderr");
}
use Thrift\Protocol\TBinaryProtocol;
use Thrift\Transport\TPhpStream;
use Thrift\Transport\TBufferedTransport;
use Thrift\TMultiplexedProcessor;
use \UserModule\User;
use \UserModule\InvalidException;
class LoginServiceHandler implements \UserModule\LoginServiceIf
{
public function Login($username, $pwd)
{
}
public function Register($username, $pwd)
{
$objUser = new User();
if($username=='wangzhongwei') {
throw new InvalidException(array('code'=>111,'message'=>'该用户已经注册!'));
}else {
$objUser->username = $username;
$objUser->password = $pwd;
$objUser->id = 1;
$objUser->age = 33;
$objUser->email = '[email protected]';
$objUser->tel = '13716857451';
}
return $objUser;
}
public function getCheckCode($sessionid)
{
}
public function verifyCheckCode($sessionid, $checkcode)
{
}
}
class UserServiceHandler implements \UserModule\UserServiceIf
{
public function Detail($id)
{
$objUser = new User();
if($id == 1) {
$objUser->username = 'wangxiaoxiao';
$objUser->password = 'howareyouok';
$objUser->id = 1;
$objUser->age = 34;
$objUser->email = '[email protected]';
$objUser->tel = '13716857451';
}
return $objUser;
}
public function Update(\UserModule\User $user)
{
$objUser = new User();
if($user->id == 1) {
$objUser->id = $user->id;
$objUser->username = $user->username;
$objUser->age = $user->age;
$objUser->email = $user->email;
$objUser->tel = $user->tel;
}
return $objUser;
}
public function search(\UserModule\InParamsUser $inParams)
{
$result = new \UserModule\OutputParamsUser();
$result->page = $inParams->page;
$result->pageSize = $inParams->pageSize;
$result->totalNum = 1;
$arrUsers = [];
$objUser = new User();
$objUser->username = 'wangxiaoxiao';
$objUser->password = 'howareyouok';
$objUser->id = 1;
$objUser->age = 34;
$objUser->email = '[email protected]';
$objUser->tel = '13716857451';
$arrUsers[] = $objUser;
$objUser1 = clone $objUser;
$objUser1->username = 'whatareyoudoing';
$objUser1->tel = '13855254475';
$arrUsers[] = $objUser1;
$result->records = $arrUsers;
return $result;
}
public function getAllStatus()
{
return [0=>'新创建',1=>'已认证',2=>'已删除'];
}
}
header('Content-Type', 'application/x-thrift');
if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {
echo "\n";
}
$transport = new TBufferedTransport(new TPhpStream(TPhpStream::MODE_R | TPhpStream::MODE_W));
$protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport, true, true);
$tMultiplexedProcessor = new TMultiplexedProcessor();
$loginService = new LoginServiceHandler();
$loginServiceProcessor = new \UserModule\LoginServiceProcessor($loginService);
$tMultiplexedProcessor->registerProcessor('loginService', $loginServiceProcessor);
$userService = new UserServiceHandler();
$userServiceProcessor = new \UserModule\UserServiceProcessor($userService);
$tMultiplexedProcessor->registerProcessor('userService', $userServiceProcessor);
$transport->open();
try{
$tMultiplexedProcessor->process($protocol, $protocol);
} catch(TException $e) {
$transport->close();
throw $e;
}
$transport->close();
registerNamespace('Thrift', __DIR__ . '/PHP');
$loader->registerDefinition('UserModule', $GEN_DIR);
$loader->register();
use Thrift\Protocol\TBinaryProtocol;
use Thrift\Protocol\TMultiplexedProtocol;
use Thrift\Transport\THttpClient;
use Thrift\Transport\TBufferedTransport;
use Thrift\Exception\TException;
use UserModule\InvalidException;
use UserModule\User;
try {
$socket = new THttpClient('localhost', 80, '/thrift/userserver.php');
$transport = new TBufferedTransport($socket);
$protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);
$loginProtocol = new TMultiplexedProtocol($protocol, 'loginService');
$loginService = new \UserModule\LoginServiceClient($loginProtocol);
$result = $loginService->Register('wangzhongwei','areyouok');
var_dump($result);
echo '
';
// $result = $loginService->login('wangzhongwei','areyouok');
// var_dump($result);
// echo '
';
$userProtocol = new TMultiplexedProtocol($protocol, 'userService');
$userService = new \UserModule\UserServiceClient($userProtocol);
$result = $userService->Detail(1);
var_dump($result);
echo '
';
$result->age = $result->age+3;
$result = $userService->Update($result);
var_dump($result);
echo '
';
$params = new \UserModule\InParamsUser();
$params->page = 1;
$params->pageSize = 10;
$result = $userService->search($params);
var_dump($result);
echo '
';
$result = $userService->getAllStatus();
var_dump($result);
echo '
';
$transport->close();
} catch (InvalidException $tx) {
print 'TException: '.$tx->getCode().' '.$tx->getMessage()."\n";
}
输入地址栏URL地址:http://192.168.3.199/thrift/userclient.php,没有报错就ok.
本例程序还是以http协议的方式对外提供,也可以通过服务的方式提供接口。
如果需要将该代码以服务的形式对外提供,大致步骤如下:
服务端编写的一般步骤:
1. 创建Handler
2. 基于Handler创建Processor
3. 创建Transport(通信方式)
4. 创建Protocol方式(设定传输格式)
5. 基于Processor, Transport和Protocol创建Server
6. 运行Server
客户端编写的一般步骤:
1. 创建Transport
2. 创建Protocol方式
3. 基于Transport和Protocol创建Client
4. 运行Client的方法