PDCCH中承载的是各种各样的控制信息。由于系统部署和运行过程中的多样性,控制信息的内容也是非常多样的。为了简化起见,LTE中将DCI分成如下几种类型:
UE一般不知道当前PDCCH占用的CCE的数目大小,传送的是什么DCI format的信息,也不知道自己需要的信息在哪个位置。但是UE知道自己当前在期待什么信息,例如在Idle态UE期待的信息是paging, SI;发起Random Access后期待的是RACH Response;在有上行数据等待发送的时候期待UL Grant等。对于不同的期望信息UE用相应的X-RNTI去和CCE信息做CRC校验,如果CRC校验成功,那么UE就知道这个信息是自己需要的,也可以进一步知道相应的DCI format,调制方式,从而解出DCI内容。这就是所谓的盲检过程。
如果UE按照CCE的顺序依次搜索过去,那么UE侧的计算量是相当可观的,尤其是对于带宽比较大,CCE数目比较多的系统。为此协议中定义了搜索空间的概念,对系统中不同格式的PDCCH可能的摆放位置进行了一些限制,降低了UE进行盲检的复杂度。每个不同格式的PDCCH,对应不同的搜索空间。前面我们已经提到过,对于CCE数目为N的PDCCH,其起始位置的CCE号必须是N的整数倍。而且对于不同大小的PDCCH,其搜索空间的大小(定义为搜索需要覆盖的CCE数目,也就是可能的搜索位置数目与PDCCH格式对应的CCE数目之积)并不相同。更进一步,LTE中还划分了公共搜索空间(Common Search Space)和UE特定搜索空间(UE-Specific Search Space)。如下图所示:
类型 |
PDCCH类型[in CCEs] |
搜索空间大小 [in CCEs] |
可能的PDCCH数目 |
UE-specific |
1 |
6 |
6 |
2 |
12 |
6 |
|
4 |
8 |
2 |
|
8 |
16 |
2 |
|
Common |
4 |
16 |
4 |
8 |
16 |
2 |
下图为PDCCH搜索空间示意图:
其中每个方框代表一个CCE,并按照逻辑上排列好顺序了。
搜索的起点Z计算公式如下:
其中,A=39827,D=65537, Y(-1)=UE ID, α=UE 聚合等级,NCCE=可用的CCEs总数目,K = TTI索引。
所谓公共搜索区间是指所有UE都需要监听的区间,通常用来发送寻呼,RAR,系统消息,以及部分UE公用的上行功率控制消息等。公共搜索区间占据从0开始到最大数目为16的CCE,公共搜索区间内的PDCCH只有4CCE和8CCE两种类型的大小,UE需要在公共搜索区间内,从0开始,按CCE粒度为8进行搜索2次,按CCE粒度为4搜索4次,至多需要进行6次PDCCH的搜索。
LTE系统中,可用于PDCCH的CCE数目取决于系统带宽,PHICH配置,天线端口数,PCFICH配置等。上述因素确定后,PDCCH的CCE数目就可以确定,公共搜索区间就可以随之确定,从0开始占据至多16个CCE。公共搜索区间不随子帧的变化而变化。UE特定的搜索区间则不同,UE特定的搜索空间的起始点取决于UE的ID(C-RNTI),子帧号,以及PDCCH的类型,因而,随着子帧的不同,UE特定的搜索空间也有所不同。而且UE特定的搜索空间和公共的搜索空间有可能是重叠的。对于大小为N的PDCCH,在某一子帧内,对应某UE的特定搜索区间的起点就可以确定(起点可能落入公共搜索区间的范围内),UE从起始位置开始,依次进行对应大小PDCCH的盲检(也就是满足大小为N的PDCCH,其起始点的CCE号必须为N的整数倍),至多进行的盲检数目如上图所示,此时如果到了CCE的末端,UE特定的搜索空间有可能从CCE 0 开始,继续进行。从上图还可以看到,在UE特定的搜索区间内,UE需要进行的搜索次数至多为16。
对于公共搜索区间和UE特定搜索区间重叠的情形,如果UE已经在公共搜索区间成功检测,那么UE可以跳过重叠部分对应的特定搜索区间。
UE在PDCCH搜索空间进行盲检时,只需对可能出现的DCI进行尝试解码,并不需要对所有的DCI格式进行匹配。UE进行PDCCH盲检的总次数不超过44次。
博文源地址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_673b30dd0100ksx5.html
盲检测与DCI和RNTI关系如下多张表:
UE根据在子帧中检测到的具有DCI格式1,1A,1B,1C,1D,2,2A或者UE扩展的DCI格式2B的PDCCH,使用上层定义的传输块数目限制条件来解码在同一子帧中相应的PDSCH。
UE可能设想定位参考信号不在根据用DCI格式1A或者1C的SI-RNTI或者P-RNTI做CRC扰码的PDCCH解码的PDSCH的资源块中出现。
如果UE被高层设置解码具有用SI-RNTI扰码CRC的PDCCH时,UE将根据表7.1-1中定义的任意组合来解码PDCCH和对应的PDSCH。对应于这些PDCCH的PDSCH用SI-RNTI来进行扰码初始化。
Table 7.1-1: PDCCH and PDSCH configured by SI-RNTI
DCI format |
Search Space |
Transmission scheme of PDSCH corresponding to PDCCH |
DCI format 1C |
Common |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used, otherwise Transmit diversity. |
DCI format 1A |
Common |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used, otherwise Transmit diversity |
同样道理:
Table 7.1-2: PDCCH and PDSCH configured by P-RNTI
DCI format |
Search Space |
Transmission scheme of PDSCH corresponding to PDCCH |
DCI format 1C |
Common |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity |
DCI format 1A |
Common |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
Table 7.1-3: PDCCH and PDSCH configured by RA-RNTI
DCI format |
Search Space |
Transmission scheme of PDSCH corresponding to PDCCH |
DCI format 1C |
Common |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1A |
Common |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
Table 7.1-5: PDCCH and PDSCH configured by C-RNTI
Transmission mode |
DCI format |
Search Space |
Transmission scheme of PDSCH corresponding to PDCCH |
Mode 1 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port, port 0 (see subclause7.1.1)
|
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port, port 0 (see subclause7.1.1) |
|
Mode 2 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
|
Mode 3 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 2A |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Large delay CDD (see subclause 7.1.3) orTransmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
|
Mode 4 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 2 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Closed-loop spatial multiplexing (see subclause 7.1.4)or Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
|
Mode 5 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1D |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Multi-user MIMO (see subclause 7.1.5) |
|
Mode 6 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1B |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Closed-loop spatial multiplexing (see subclause 7.1.4) using a single transmission layer |
|
Mode 7 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one,Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port; port 5 (see subclause 7.1.1) |
|
Mode 8 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and |
If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one,Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 2B |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Dual layer transmission; port 7 and 8 (see subclause 7.1.5A) or single-antenna port; port 7 or 8 (see subclause 7.1.1) |
Table 7.1-6: PDCCH and PDSCH configured by SPS C-RNTI
Transmission mode |
DCI format |
Search Space |
Transmission scheme of PDSCH corresponding to PDCCH |
Mode 1 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port, port 0 (see subclause 7.1.1)
|
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port, port 0 (see subclause 7.1.1) |
|
Mode 2 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
|
Mode 3 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 2A |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
|
Mode 4 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 2 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2)
|
|
Mode 5 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
Mode 6 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
Mode 7 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port; port 5 (see subclause 7.1.1) |
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port; port 5 (see subclause 7.1.1) |
|
Mode 8 |
DCI format 1A |
Common and |
Single-antenna port; port 7(see subclause 7.1.1) |
DCI format 2B |
UE specific by C-RNTI |
Single-antenna port; port 7 or 8 (see subclause 7.1.1) |
Table 7.1-7: PDCCH and PDSCH configured by Temporary C-RNTI
DCI format |
Search Space |
Transmission scheme of PDSCH corresponding to PDCCH |
DCI format 1A |
Common and UE specific by Temporary C-RNTI |
If the number of PBCH antenna port is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |
DCI format 1 |
UE specific by Temporary C-RNTI |
If the number of PBCH antenna port is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used (see subclause 7.1.1), otherwise Transmit diversity (see subclause 7.1.2) |