android EditText默认数字键盘，能输入字母，数字和中文

最近遇到这样的市场需求，EditText默认弹出来是数字键盘，可以相互切换输入字母，数字和中文。还有就是一打开页面就弹出数字软键盘。刚开始对这个还是挺反感，因为这要求太细了。后面还是测试研究一番。

1、最佳方案

xml 就是简单点，不要做多余的限制。

Java 实现

		edtProjectName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtProjectName);
        edtProjectName.setRawInputType(Configuration.KEYBOARD_QWERTY);

这个测试，可以实现弹出来时候默认是数字键盘，可以相互切换输入字母，中文等。就是输入还是没有限制的。

2、setRawInputType源码

    /**
     * Directly change the content type integer of the text view, without
     * modifying any other state.
     * @see #setInputType(int)
     * @see android.text.InputType
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_inputType
     */
    public void setRawInputType(int type) {
        if (type == InputType.TYPE_NULL && mEditor == null) return; //TYPE_NULL is the default value
        createEditorIfNeeded();
        mEditor.mInputType = type;
    }

源码上面英文意思就是：只是改变输入键盘的显示（数字，文本等等），不改变输入类型的限制。

3、setInputType源码

    /**
     * Set the type of the content with a constant as defined for {@link EditorInfo#inputType}. This
     * will take care of changing the key listener, by calling {@link #setKeyListener(KeyListener)},
     * to match the given content type.  If the given content type is {@link EditorInfo#TYPE_NULL}
     * then a soft keyboard will not be displayed for this text view.
     *
     * Note that the maximum number of displayed lines (see {@link #setMaxLines(int)}) will be
     * modified if you change the {@link EditorInfo#TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_MULTI_LINE} flag of the input
     * type.
     *
     * @see #getInputType()
     * @see #setRawInputType(int)
     * @see android.text.InputType
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_inputType
     */
    public void setInputType(int type) {
        final boolean wasPassword = isPasswordInputType(getInputType());
        final boolean wasVisiblePassword = isVisiblePasswordInputType(getInputType());
        setInputType(type, false);
        final boolean isPassword = isPasswordInputType(type);
        final boolean isVisiblePassword = isVisiblePasswordInputType(type);
        boolean forceUpdate = false;
        if (isPassword) {
            setTransformationMethod(PasswordTransformationMethod.getInstance());
            setTypefaceFromAttrs(null /* fontFamily */, MONOSPACE, 0);
        } else if (isVisiblePassword) {
            if (mTransformation == PasswordTransformationMethod.getInstance()) {
                forceUpdate = true;
            }
            setTypefaceFromAttrs(null /* fontFamily */, MONOSPACE, 0);
        } else if (wasPassword || wasVisiblePassword) {
            // not in password mode, clean up typeface and transformation
            setTypefaceFromAttrs(null /* fontFamily */, -1, -1);
            if (mTransformation == PasswordTransformationMethod.getInstance()) {
                forceUpdate = true;
            }
        }

        boolean singleLine = !isMultilineInputType(type);

        // We need to update the single line mode if it has changed or we
        // were previously in password mode.
        if (mSingleLine != singleLine || forceUpdate) {
            // Change single line mode, but only change the transformation if
            // we are not in password mode.
            applySingleLine(singleLine, !isPassword, true);
        }

        if (!isSuggestionsEnabled()) {
            mText = removeSuggestionSpans(mText);
        }

        InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.peekInstance();
        if (imm != null) imm.restartInput(this);
    }

Java示例：
edtProjectName.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_CLASS_NUMBER);

当然，在xml里面也可以设置这个属性。

这个方法就是设置输入类型的限制了。

通过源码就可以知道setRawInputType和setInputType区别。

4、digits 限制

edittext 的xml属性里面可以设置android:digits属性，就是限制输入的字符。

例如只输入数字可以android:digits="1234567890" 或者带有字母android:digits="1234567890abcdef" 

那么在Java中实现，可以这种形式

        edtProjectName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtProjectName);
        String dig = "0123456789qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM";
        edtProjectName.setKeyListener(DigitsKeyListener.getInstance(dig));

这种设置：弹出软键盘也是数字键盘，可以相互切换输入字母，数字。但不能输入中文。

源码：

    /**
     * Sets the key listener to be used with this TextView.  This can be null
     * to disallow user input.  Note that this method has significant and
     * subtle interactions with soft keyboards and other input method:
     * see {@link KeyListener#getInputType() KeyListener.getContentType()}
     * for important details.  Calling this method will replace the current
     * content type of the text view with the content type returned by the
     * key listener.
     * 

     * Be warned that if you want a TextView with a key listener or movement
     * method not to be focusable, or if you want a TextView without a
     * key listener or movement method to be focusable, you must call
     * {@link #setFocusable} again after calling this to get the focusability
     * back the way you want it.
     *
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_numeric
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_digits
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_phoneNumber
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_inputMethod
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_capitalize
     * @attr ref android.R.styleable#TextView_autoText
     */
    public void setKeyListener(KeyListener input) {
        setKeyListenerOnly(input);
        fixFocusableAndClickableSettings();

        if (input != null) {
            createEditorIfNeeded();
            try {
                mEditor.mInputType = mEditor.mKeyListener.getInputType();
            } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
                mEditor.mInputType = EditorInfo.TYPE_CLASS_TEXT;
            }
            // Change inputType, without affecting transformation.
            // No need to applySingleLine since mSingleLine is unchanged.
            setInputTypeSingleLine(mSingleLine);
        } else {
            if (mEditor != null) mEditor.mInputType = EditorInfo.TYPE_NULL;
        }

        InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.peekInstance();
        if (imm != null) imm.restartInput(this);
    }

5、进入页面就弹出输入软键盘

在activity注册配置时候加上这个属性控制：android:windowSoftInputMode="stateAlwaysVisible|stateUnchanged"