基于JAVA-MVC技术的顾客管理项目案例总结
作者 白宁超
2016年6月9日22:47:08
阅读前瞻:本文源于对javaweb相关技术和资料汇总,涉及大量javaweb基础技术诸如:Servlet运行原理、Get/Post请求的区别、jsp的基本原理和运行框架、jsp的9大隐含对象的使用、MVC开发模式的使用、构建封装自己dao代码库、以及基于MVC的增删改查操作等;小结最后还有面向接口编程的多数据源配置与存储,以及工厂模式的使用。除此之外,后续文章会对cookie、session、JavaBean、监听、权限管理、文件上传与下载、分页等诸多技术汇总。本文旨在java-web多技术贯穿于单项目中,逐渐深入的过程,使得大家既学习了java技术路线,也知道其怎么用。最后会附上源码,最后一节重点对所有实现技术小结与汇总,此过程会使用作者项目技术理解、网络资源资料、学习视频和文档截图文件等为参考,力求简单通俗易学。最后,作者文章布局采用:1、实验准备;2、需求分析;3、模块化实现;4、实验优化;5、技术梳理的写作思路。(本文原创,转载标明出处:基于JAVA-MVC技术的顾客管理项目案例总结)
一、实验准备阶段:
1 win*系统,一般配置笔记本或者台式机
2 安装MyEclipse开发平台,本实验使用MyEclipse2015(点击下载 访问密码 eafa)
3 Mysql数据库,本实验采用mysql-installer-community-5.6.14.0.msi(点击下载 访问密码 39bf)
4 关于数据库连接的3个JAR包
4.1 JDBC链接数据库的jar包,本实验采用mysql-connector-java-5.1.20.jar(点击下载 访问密码 8bb1)
4.2 dbUtils数据库JAR包,本实验采用commons-dbutils-1.6.jar(点击下载 访问密码 535d)
4.3 c3p0数据库配置JAR包,本实验采用c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar(点击下载 访问密码 9916)
5 两个公共文件
5.1 关于编写Jquery需要的js文件,本实验使用jquery.min.js(点击下载 访问密码 3357)
5.2 关于c3p0数据库配置xml源文件c3p0-config.xml(点击下载 访问密码 33a6)
二、需求分析阶段
1 对MyEclipse和MySql的正确安装,并对MyEclipse环境变量配置:(配置参考文档)
2 要求l使用mysql数据库去创建数据库test和表customers(id int 主键自增,name String 唯一约束,address String,phone String)
3 采用MVC技术开发,实现M/V/C很好的封装与解耦,在此基础完成对顾客表的增删改查,其中要求数据可以回显、模糊查询、容错等
4 servlet初始化启动控制多数据源配置
5 其他诸如分页、cookie、session、JavaBean、监听、权限管理、文件上传与下载等后续文章继续完善优化。
三、数据库创建阶段
# 创建数据库test
create database test;
use test;
#创建customer表id主键自增,name唯一
create table customers(
id varchar(11) primary key not null,
name varchar(70) not null unique,
address varchar(70),
phone varchar(70)
);
四、基于MVC技术开发阶段
1 顾客管理项目环境配置简介
MVC百度百科:MVC全名是Model View Controller,是模型(model)-视图(view)-控制器(controller)的缩写,一种软件设计典范,用一种业务逻辑、数据、界面显示分离的方法组织代码,将业务逻辑聚集到一个部件里面,在改进和个性化定制界面及用户交互的同时,不需要重新编写业务逻辑。MVC被独特的发展起来用于映射传统的输入、处理和输出功能在一个逻辑的图形化用户界面的结构中。(注:详细MVC可以参照官方文档或者google)
配置简介:
1 新建java web项目,默认基础下分别建立MVC对于的包,以及添加需要配置的jar包、js文件、xml文件、imgs等文件,打通整体开发框架。
2 创建需要完成jsp页面
2 MVC架构搭建
1、配置文件的引用
mysql-connector-java-5.1.20.jar:连接数据库的jar包,放于./WEB-INF/lib下
commons-dbutils-1.6.jar:dbutils的jar包,放于./WEB-INF/lib下
c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar:c3p0的jar包,放于./WEB-INF/lib下
jquery.min.js:用于编写js的文件,放于./WebRoot/scripts下
c3p0-config.xml:用于配置数据库,放于./src下
"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
"mvcapp">
"user">root
"password">root
"driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
"jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql:///test
"acquireIncrement">5
"initialPoolSize">10
"minPoolSize">10
"maxPoolSize">50
"maxStatements">20
"maxStatementsPerConnection">5
2、 数据层配置
com.cuit.mvc.db包:JdbcUtils.java数据库连接和释放方法的封装
package com.cuit.mvc.db;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
/**
* JDBC操作工具
* @author 白宁超 http://www.cnblogs.com/baiboy/
*/
public class JdbcUtils {
/**
* 释放Connection链接
* @param connection
*/
public static void releaseConnection(Connection connection){
try{
if(connection!=null) connection.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static DataSource dataSource = null;
static{
dataSource=new ComboPooledDataSource("mvcapp");
}
/**
* 返回数据源的一个Connection对象
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
return dataSource.getConnection();
}
}
com.cuit.mvc.model包:Customer.java实体类的封装
package com.cuit.mvc.model;
public class Customer {
private int id;
private String name;
private String address;
private String phone;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public Customer() {
}
public Customer(String name, String address, String phone) {
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
this.phone = phone;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return "Customer [id="+id+",name="+name+",address"+address+
",phone="+phone+"]";
}
}
com.cuit.mvc.dao包:DAO.java最底层公共方法封装;CustomerDAO提供公共方法的接口;
DAO源码:
package com.cuit.mvc.dao;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.ScalarHandler;
import com.cuit.mvc.db.JdbcUtils;
/**
* 封装了基本的CRUD的方法,以供子类继承使用
* 当前DAO直接在方法中获取数据库连接
* @param :当前DAO处理实体的类型是什么
* @author 白宁超 http://www.cnblogs.com/baiboy/
*
*/
public class DAO {
//此步骤前需要/lib加入commons-dbutils-xx.jar
private QueryRunner queryRunner=new QueryRunner();
private Class clazz;
public DAO(){
//Type通过Ctrl+Shift+O进行反射Type选择
Type superClass=getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
if(superClass instanceof ParameterizedType){
ParameterizedType parameterizedType=(ParameterizedType)superClass;
Type[] typeArgs=parameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments();
if(typeArgs!=null && typeArgs.length>0){
if(typeArgs[0] instanceof Class) clazz=(Class)typeArgs[0];
}
}
}
/**
* 返回某一个字段的值,或者返回数据表中有多少条记录等。
* @param sql:SQL语句
* @param args:填充SQL语句的占位符
* @return
*/
public E getForValue(String sql,Object ... args) {
Connection connection=null;
try{
connection=JdbcUtils.getConnection();
return (E) queryRunner.query(connection,sql,new ScalarHandler(),args);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JdbcUtils.releaseConnection(connection);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 返回T所对应的List
* @param sql:SQL语句
* @param args:填充SQL语句的占位符
* @return
*/
public List getForList(String sql,Object ... args){
Connection connection=null;
try{
connection=JdbcUtils.getConnection();
return queryRunner.query(connection,sql,new BeanListHandler<>(clazz),args);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JdbcUtils.releaseConnection(connection);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 返回对应T的一个实体类对象
* @param sql:SQL语句
* @param args:填充SQL语句的占位符
* @return
*/
public T get(String sql,Object ... args){
Connection connection=null;
try{
connection=JdbcUtils.getConnection();
return queryRunner.query(connection,sql,new BeanHandler<>(clazz),args);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JdbcUtils.releaseConnection(connection);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 该方法封装了INSERT、DELETE、UPDATE操作
* @param sql:SQL语句
* @param args:填充SQL语句的占位符
*/
public void update(String sql,Object ... args){
Connection connection=null;
try{
connection=JdbcUtils.getConnection();
queryRunner.update(connection,sql,args);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
JdbcUtils.releaseConnection(connection);
}
}
}
CustomerDAO源码:
package com.cuit.mvc.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.CriteriaCustomer;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.Customer;
public interface CustomerDAO {
public List getAll();//获取Customer列表信息
public void save(Customer customer);//对Customer的添加,通过CTRL+T转到定义
public void update(Customer customer);//对Customer的更新,通过CTRL+T转到定义
public Customer get(int id);//获取Customer实体
public void delete(int id);//根据id进行删除
public long getCountWithName(String name);//返回name相等的记录数
//cc封装了查询条件,返回查询条件的list
public List getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(CriteriaCustomer cc);
}
com.cuit.mvc.dao.impl包:CustomerDAOJdbcImpl.java:Customer对CustomerDAO具体方法的实现
package com.cuit.mvc.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.CustomerDAO;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.DAO;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.CriteriaCustomer;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.Customer;
public class CustomerDAOJdbcImpl extends DAO implements CustomerDAO{
public List getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(CriteriaCustomer cc) {
String sql="select * from customers where name like ? and address like ? "
+ "and phone like ?";
//修改了CriteriaCustomer的getter方法:使其返回字符串中有%%
//若返回值为null返回%%,若不返回null则返回:"%"+字段本身的值+"%"
//如上效果如:cc.getName()==null?%%:%+name+%
System.out.println(sql);
return getForList(sql,cc.getName(),cc.getAddress(),cc.getPhone());
}
@Override
public List getAll() {
String sql="select * from customers";
return getForList(sql);
}
@Override
public void save(Customer customer) {
String sql="insert customers(name,address,phone) values(?,?,?)";
update(sql, customer.getName(),customer.getAddress(),customer.getPhone());
}
@Override
public Customer get(int id) {
String sql="select * from customers where id=?";
return get(sql,id);
}
@Override
public void delete(int id) {
String sql="delete from customers where id=?";
update(sql, id);
}
@Override
public long getCountWithName(String name) {
String sql="select count(id) from customers where name=?";
return getForValue(sql, name);
}
@Override
public void update(Customer customer) {
String sql="update customers set name=?,address=?,phone=? where id=?";
update(sql,customer.getName(),customer.getAddress(),customer.getPhone(),customer.getId());
}
}
3 业务逻辑层
com.cuit.mvc.dao.servlet包:CustomerServlet.java对CustomerDAO公共方法具体实现,以及页面显示的控制
package com.cuit.mvc.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.CustomerDAO;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.factory.CustomerDAOFactory;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.impl.CustomerDAOJdbcImpl;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.impl.CustomerDAOXMLImpl;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.CriteriaCustomer;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.Customer;
public class CustomerServlet extends HttpServlet {
//private CustomerDAO customerDAO=new CustomerDAOJdbcImpl();
//private CustomerDAO customerDAO=new CustomerDAOXMLImpl();
private CustomerDAO customerDAO=CustomerDAOFactory.getInstance().getCustomerDAO();
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
/*public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String method=request.getParameter("method");
switch (method) {
case "add": add(request,response); break;
case "query": query(request,response); break;
case "delete": delete(request,response);break;
default: break;
}
}*/
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1 获取servlet路径 诸如:/add.do
String servletPath=req.getServletPath().substring(1);
//去除/和.do得到类似于add这样字符串
String methodName=servletPath.substring(0,servletPath.length()-3);
//System.out.println(methodName);
try {
//利用反射获取获取methodName对应的方法
Method method = getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
//利用反射获取方法
method.invoke(this, req,resp);
} catch (Exception e) {
//出错时候响应出来
resp.sendRedirect("error.jsp");
}
}
private void edit(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
String forwordPath="/error.jsp";
//1 获取请求参数id
String idstr=request.getParameter("id");
//2 调用CustomeDAO的customerDAO.get(id)获取和id对应的Customer对象customer
try{
Customer customer=customerDAO.get(Integer.parseInt(idstr));
if(customer!=null){
forwordPath="/updatecustomer.jsp";
//3 将customer放在request中
request.setAttribute("customer", customer);
}
}catch(Exception e){}
//4 响应updatecustomer.jsp页面:转发
request.getRequestDispatcher(forwordPath).forward(request, response);
}
private void update(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
//1 获取请求参数:id,name,address,phone,oldname
String id=request.getParameter("id");
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String oldname=request.getParameter("oldname");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String phone=request.getParameter("phone");
//2 检验name是否被占用
//2.1 比较name和oldname是否相同,若相同name可用,oldname.equals(name)不如equalsIgnoreCase,数据库默认大小写一致的,而equals忽略大小写
if(!oldname.equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
//不相同,调用CustomerDAO的getCountWithName(String name)获取name在数据库中是否存在
long count=customerDAO.getCountWithName(name);
//大于0, 响应updatecustomer.jsp页面:通过转发响应newcustomer.jsp
if(count>0){
// 通过request.getAttribute("message")显示信息,在页面上request.getAttribute("message")的方式显示
// 表单据回显。address,phone显示提交的新值, name显示oldname,而不是新值
request.setAttribute("message", "用户名["+name+"]已经被占用,请重新填写!");
// 方法结束
request.getRequestDispatcher("/updatecustomer.jsp").forward(request, response);
return;
}
}
//3 若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer
Customer customer=new Customer(name,address,phone);
customer.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
//4 调用CustomerDAO的update(Customer customer)执行更新操作
customerDAO.update(customer);
//5 重定向到query.do
response.sendRedirect("query.do");
}
//模糊查询
private void query(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String phone=request.getParameter("phone");
CriteriaCustomer cc=new CriteriaCustomer(name,address,phone);
//1 调用CustomerDAO的getALl方法得到Customer集合
//List sustomers=customerDAO.getAll();获取所有信息列表
List customers=customerDAO.getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(cc);
//2 把customer的集合放入request
request.setAttribute("customers", customers);
//3 转发页面index.jsp(不能使用重定向)
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
private void delete(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
String idstr=request.getParameter("id").trim();
int id=0;
try{
id=Integer.parseInt(idstr);
customerDAO.delete(id);
}catch(Exception e){}
response.sendRedirect("query.do");
}
//此方法名称跟页面add添加的action中add.do匹配
private void add(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
//1 获取表单参数:name,address,phone
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String phone=request.getParameter("phone");
//2 检验name是否被占用
//2.1 调用CustomerDAO的getCountWithName(String name)获取name在数据库中是否存在
long count=customerDAO.getCountWithName(name);
if(count>0){
//2.2 若返回值大于0,则相应newcustomer.jsp页面:①在此页面显示一个错误信息②此表单值可以回显
// 通过request.getAttribute("message")显示信息
// 通过value="<%=request.getParameter("name")==null?"":request.getParameter("name")%>"回显
request.setAttribute("message", "用户名["+name+"]已经被占用,请重新填写!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/newcustomer.jsp").forward(request, response);
return;
}
//3 若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer
Customer customer=new Customer(name,address,phone);
//4 调用CustomerDAO的save(Customer customer)执行保存操作
customerDAO.save(customer);
//5 重定向到success.jsp页面
response.sendRedirect("success.jsp");
}
}
4 单元测试层
com.cuit.mvc.dao.test包:JdbcUtilsTest.java对CustomerServlet.java各个方法单元测试
package com.cuit.mvc.test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.CustomerDAO;
import com.cuit.mvc.dao.impl.CustomerDAOJdbcImpl;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.CriteriaCustomer;
import com.cuit.mvc.model.Customer;
public class CustomerDAOJdbcImplTest {
private CustomerDAO customerDAO=new CustomerDAOJdbcImpl();
@Test
public void getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(){
CriteriaCustomer cc=new CriteriaCustomer("Tom", null, null);
List customers=customerDAO.getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(cc);
System.out.println(customers);
}
@Test
public void testGetAll() {
List customers=customerDAO.getAll();
System.out.println(customers);
}
@Test
public void testSaveCustomer() {
Customer customer=new Customer("Baijing","Shanghai","134-2345-9086");
customerDAO.save(customer);
}
@Test
public void testGetInt() {
Customer cust=customerDAO.get(0);
System.out.println(cust);
}
@Test
public void testDelete() {
customerDAO.delete(2);
}
@Test
public void testGetCountWithName() {
long count=customerDAO.getCountWithName("Tom");
System.out.println(count);
}
}
5 视图显示页面层
index.jsp:显示顾客信息,并支持回显
<%@page import="com.cuit.mvc.model.Customer"%>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page
<%
List customers=(List)request.getAttribute("customers");
if(customers!=null && customers.size()>0){
%>
"1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
ID
CustomerName
CustomerAddress
CustomerPhone
Update/Delete
<%
for(Customer customer:customers){
%>
class="id"><%=customer.getId() %>
<%=customer.getName() %>
<%=customer.getAddress() %>
<%=customer.getPhone() %>
"edit.do?id=<%=customer.getId() %>">Update
"delete.do?id=<%=customer.getId() %>" class="delete">Delete
<%
}
%>
<%
}
%>
error.jsp:异常或者报错页面跳转
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
My JSP 'error.jsp' starting page
"pragma" content="no-cache">
"cache-control" content="no-cache">
"expires" content="0">
"keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
"description" content="This is my page">
对不起没有您请求的页面
" height:200px; width: 200; margin: 0 auto;" src="imgs/error.jpg">
"font-size: 25px; color: red;">对不起访问失败!
newcustomer.jsp:添加顾客信息页面,支持回显,控制name不能重复
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
"Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
Insert title here
<%
Object mes=request.getAttribute("message");
if(mes!=null){
out.print("
");
out.print(mes);
out.print("
");
out.print("
");
}
%>
添加一条新的customer信息
success.jsp:添加新信息成功跳转页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
"Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
Insert title here
成功添加,保存成功!
"index.jsp">Back Index
updatecustomer.jsp:更新信息页面,支持回显,回显显示的是name旧值
<%@page import="com.cuit.mvc.model.Customer"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
"Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
Insert title here
<%
Object mes=request.getAttribute("message");
if(mes!=null){
out.print("
");
out.print(mes);
out.print("
");
out.print("
");
}
String id=null;
String name=null;
String oldname=null;
String address=null;
String phone=null;
Customer customer=(Customer)request.getAttribute("customer");
if(customer!=null){
id=customer.getId()+"";
address=customer.getAddress();
name=customer.getName();
oldname=customer.getName();
phone=customer.getPhone();
}else{
id=request.getParameter("id");
name=request.getParameter("oldname");
oldname=request.getParameter("oldname");
address=request.getParameter("address");
phone=request.getParameter("phone");
}
%>
更新一条新的customer信息
3 顾客信息模糊查询设计与实现
1) 项目设计分析: 实现name,address,phone联合模糊查询
1、 调用CustomerDAO的getALl方法得到Customer集合
2、 把customer的集合放入request
3、 转发页面index.jsp(不能使用重定向)
4、 index.jsp页面循环遍历显示
2)项目源码实现
1 DAO数据操作
public List getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(CriteriaCustomer cc) {
String sql="select * from customers where name like ? and address like ? "
+ "and phone like ?";
//修改了CriteriaCustomer的getter方法:使其返回字符串中有%%
//若返回值为null返回%%,若不返回null则返回:"%"+字段本身的值+"%"
//如上效果如:cc.getName()==null?%%:%+name+%
System.out.println(sql);
return getForList(sql,cc.getName(),cc.getAddress(),cc.getPhone());
}
2、servlet控制源码:
//模糊查询
private void query(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String phone=request.getParameter("phone");
CriteriaCustomer cc=new CriteriaCustomer(name,address,phone);
//1 调用CustomerDAO的getALl方法得到Customer集合
//List sustomers=customerDAO.getAll();获取所有信息列表
List customers=customerDAO.getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(cc);
//2 把customer的集合放入request
request.setAttribute("customers", customers);
//3 转发页面index.jsp(不能使用重定向)
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
3、index页面显示
<%
List customers=(List)request.getAttribute("customers");
if(customers!=null && customers.size()>0){
%>
ID
CustomerName
CustomerAddress
CustomerPhone
Update/Delete
<%
for(Customer customer:customers){
%>
<%=customer.getId() %>
<%=customer.getName() %>
<%=customer.getAddress() %>
<%=customer.getPhone() %>
Update
Delete
<%
}
%>
<%
}
%>
3)项目单元测试
@Test
public void getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(){
CriteriaCustomer cc=new CriteriaCustomer("Tom", null, null);
List customers=customerDAO.getForListWithCriteriaCustomer(cc);
System.out.println(customers);
}
4)项目运行效果
4 顾客信息添加设计与实现
1) 项目设计分析:name唯一,新添加信息需要验证错误提示
1、获取表单参数:name、address、phone
2、 检验name是否被占用
3、若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer
4、调用CustomerDAO的save(Customer customer)执行保存操作
5、重定向到success.jsp页面
2)项目源码实现
1、DAO操作源码
@Override
public void save(Customer customer) {
String sql="insert customers(name,address,phone) values(?,?,?)";
update(sql, customer.getName(),customer.getAddress(),customer.getPhone());
}
2、servlet操作源码
//1 获取表单参数:name,address,phone
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String phone=request.getParameter("phone");
//2 检验name是否被占用
//2.1 调用CustomerDAO的getCountWithName(String name)获取name在数据库中是否存在
long count=customerDAO.getCountWithName(name);
if(count>0){
//2.2 若返回值大于0,则相应newcustomer.jsp页面:①在此页面显示一个错误信息②此表单值可以回显
// 通过request.getAttribute("message")显示信息
// 通过value="<%=request.getParameter("name")==null?"":request.getParameter("name")%>"回显
request.setAttribute("message", "用户名["+name+"]已经被占用,请重新填写!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/newcustomer.jsp").forward(request, response);
return;
}
//3 若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer
Customer customer=new Customer(name,address,phone);
//4 调用CustomerDAO的save(Customer customer)执行保存操作
customerDAO.save(customer);
//5 重定向到success.jsp页面
response.sendRedirect("success.jsp");
3、 视图页面显示源码
<%
Object mes=request.getAttribute("message");
if(mes!=null){
out.print("
");
out.print(mes);
out.print("
");
out.print("
");
}
%>
添加一条新的customer信息
3)项目单元测试
@Test
public void testSaveCustomer() {
Customer customer=new Customer("Baijing","Shanghai","134-2345-9086");
customerDAO.save(customer);
}
4)项目运行效果
5 顾客信息更新设计与实现
1) 项目设计分析
1、 编辑操作:①获取请求参数id;②调用CustomeDAO的customerDAO.get(id)获取和id对应的Customer对象customer;③若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer;④ 调用CustomerDAO的update(Customer customer)执行更新操作;⑤重定向到query.do
2、更新操作:①获取请求参数:id,name,address,phone,oldname;②检验name是否被占用;③若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer;④调用CustomerDAO的update(Customer customer)执行更新操作;⑤重定向到query.do;
2)项目源码实现
1、DAO操作源码:
@Override
public void save(Customer customer) {
String sql="insert customers(name,address,phone) values(?,?,?)";
update(sql, customer.getName(),customer.getAddress(),customer.getPhone());
}
2、servlet操作源码
private void edit(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
String forwordPath="/error.jsp";
//1 获取请求参数id
String idstr=request.getParameter("id");
//2 调用CustomeDAO的customerDAO.get(id)获取和id对应的Customer对象customer
try{
Customer customer=customerDAO.get(Integer.parseInt(idstr));
if(customer!=null){
forwordPath="/updatecustomer.jsp";
//3 将customer放在request中
request.setAttribute("customer", customer);
}
}catch(Exception e){}
//4 响应updatecustomer.jsp页面:转发
request.getRequestDispatcher(forwordPath).forward(request, response);
}
private void update(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
//1 获取请求参数:id,name,address,phone,oldname
String id=request.getParameter("id");
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String oldname=request.getParameter("oldname");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String phone=request.getParameter("phone");
//2 检验name是否被占用
//2.1 比较name和oldname是否相同,若相同name可用,oldname.equals(name)不如equalsIgnoreCase,数据库默认大小写一致的,而equals忽略大小写
if(!oldname.equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
//不相同,调用CustomerDAO的getCountWithName(String name)获取name在数据库中是否存在
long count=customerDAO.getCountWithName(name);
//大于0, 响应updatecustomer.jsp页面:通过转发响应newcustomer.jsp
if(count>0){
// 通过request.getAttribute("message")显示信息,在页面上request.getAttribute("message")的方式显示
// 表单据回显。address,phone显示提交的新值, name显示oldname,而不是新值
request.setAttribute("message", "用户名["+name+"]已经被占用,请重新填写!");
// 方法结束
request.getRequestDispatcher("/updatecustomer.jsp").forward(request, response);
return;
}
}
//3 若验证通过,把表单参数封装为一个Customer对象customer
Customer customer=new Customer(name,address,phone);
customer.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
//4 调用CustomerDAO的update(Customer customer)执行更新操作
customerDAO.update(customer);
//5 重定向到query.do
response.sendRedirect("query.do");
}
3、视图显示操作源码
<%
Object mes=request.getAttribute("message");
if(mes!=null){
out.print("
");
out.print(mes);
out.print("
");
out.print("
");
}
String id=null;
String name=null;
String oldname=null;
String address=null;
String phone=null;
Customer customer=(Customer)request.getAttribute("customer");
if(customer!=null){
id=customer.getId()+"";
address=customer.getAddress();
name=customer.getName();
oldname=customer.getName();
phone=customer.getPhone();
}else{
id=request.getParameter("id");
name=request.getParameter("oldname");
oldname=request.getParameter("oldname");
address=request.getParameter("address");
phone=request.getParameter("phone");
}
%>
更新一条新的customer信息
3)项目单元测试
@Test
public void testSaveCustomer() {
Customer customer=new Customer("Baijing","Shanghai","134-2345-9086");
customerDAO.save(customer);
}
4)项目运行效果
6 顾客信息删除设计与实现
1) 项目设计分析
1、获取id的值
2、调用DAO的删除方法
3、执行提示是否删除
4、删除成功跳转刷新
2)项目源码实现
1、DAO源码:
@Override
public void delete(int id) {
String sql="delete from customers where id=?";
update(sql, id);
}
2、servlet源码:
private void delete(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
String idstr=request.getParameter("id").trim();
int id=0;
try{
id=Integer.parseInt(idstr);
customerDAO.delete(id);
}catch(Exception e){}
response.sendRedirect("query.do");
}
3、页面显示源码:
3)项目单元测试
@Test
public void testDelete() {
customerDAO.delete(2);
}
4)项目运行效果
7 面向接口开发的数据源配置
倘若需要操作其他数据库或者xml数据源进行存储,该如何操作呢?下面以jdbc和xml进行设计
1 、不修改DAO底层代码前提下,创建工厂模式,利用tyep类型进行选择实例创建连接模式,
//单例工厂
public class CustomerDAOFactory {
private Map daos=new HashMap();
private static CustomerDAOFactory instance=new CustomerDAOFactory();
public static CustomerDAOFactory getInstance(){
return instance;
}
private String type=null;
public void setType(String type) {
this.type=type;
}
private CustomerDAOFactory() {
daos.put("jdbc", new CustomerDAOJdbcImpl());
daos.put("xml", new CustomerDAOXMLImpl());
}
public CustomerDAO getCustomerDAO(){
return daos.get(type);
}
}
2、type值放在switch.properties用于切换,如下是该文件的内容
#type=xml
type=jdbc
3、初始化servlet,创建InitServlet.java文件,并控制type值传递CustomerDAOFactory工厂用来切换数据源
public class InitServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
CustomerDAOFactory.getInstance().setType("jdbc");
//读取类路径switch.properties文件
InputStream in=getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/switch.properties");
Properties properties=new Properties();
try {
properties.load(in);
//获取switch.properties的type值
String type=properties.getProperty("type");
//赋给了CustomerDAOFactory的type属性
CustomerDAOFactory.getInstance().setType(type);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
4、配置web.xml文件,使InitServlet.java在项目启动时即运行
CustomerServlet
com.cuit.mvc.servlet.CustomerServlet
InitServlet
com.cuit.mvc.servlet.InitServlet
1
五、顾客管理项目完整源码
本项目完整源码:(点击下载 访问密码 16cf)
六、顾客管理项目技术总结
1 Tomcat目录结构图
2 Tomcat配置,MyEclipse2015默认集成了,不需要配置
3 web程序结构图
4 Servlet简介
5 servlet运行交互图
6 servlet运行原理
7 jsp运行原理
8 jsp的9大隐含对象
9 jsp注释与声明
10 jsp和属性相关的方法
11 页面请求重定向与请求转发
12 page指令
12 errorPage和isErrorPage
13 关于中文乱码的解决方案
14 MVC简介
15 MVC原理图
16 多页面向单个servlet发送请求控制:方法1
17 多页面向单个servlet发送请求控制:方法2
18 更新操作原理示意图
19 查询设计思路
20 MVC案例需求设计
21 jsp页面请求遍历数据
22 修改更新设计思路