监控备库性能，为Active DataGuard的备库生成statspack报告并实现定时发送

因为备库的数据与主库完全一样且只读，所以备库无法收集AWR报告，在备库上收集到的AWR其实是主库的数据信息。针对需要监控备库的性能这种情况，11g提供了一种办法，可以收集备库的statspack。

本文说明如何配置statspack并实现定时通过邮件发送报表到指定人员，下面为详细步骤：

注意，下面所有操作都是在主库上执行：

一、安装配置statspack

1、创建单独的表空间

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> create tablespace statspack '/oracle/data/statspack01.dbf' size 500m autoextend on maxsize unlimited;

2、安装statspack用户和对象

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/spcreate.sql
输入PERFSTAT用户的密码，这里为aaa
默认表空间为sysaux，可以指定为statspack表空间
指定临时表空间为temp

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/sbcreate.sql

输入STDBYPERF用户的密码，这里为bbb

默认表空间为sysaux，可以指定为statspack表空间

指定临时表空间为temp

3、添加备库实例

在运行sbcreate.sql脚本时，创建完对象时会自动调用/rdbms/admin/sbaddins.sql脚本来添加备库实例：

THE INSTANCE YOU ARE GOING TO ADD MUST BE ACCESSIBLE AND OPEN READ ONLY

Do you want to continue (y/n) ?
Enter value for key: y
You entered: y

需要输入standby数据库在主库中的tns的名称：
Enter the TNS ALIAS that connects to the standby database instance
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Make sure the alias connects to only one instance (without load balancing).
Enter value for tns_alias: orclb

需要输入standby数据库中perfstat用户的密码：
Enter the PERFSTAT user's password of the standby database
---------------------------------------------------------
Performance data will be fetched from the standby database via
database link. We will connect to user PERFSTAT.
Enter value for perfstat_password: aaa

4、收集快照：

$ sqlplus stdbyperf/bbb;

SQL> exec statspack_orclb_orcl.snap;

SQL> exec statspack_orclb_orcl.snap;

格式为statspack_(db_unique_name)_(instance_name).snap

5、生成报表：

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/sbreport.sql

Instances in this Statspack schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DB Unique Name                 Instance Name
------------------------------ ----------------
orclb                 orcl

Enter the DATABASE UNIQUE NAME of the standby database to report
Enter value for db_unique_name: orclb
You entered: orclb

Enter the INSTANCE NAME of the standby database instance to report
Enter value for inst_name: orcl
You entered: orcl

Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent
(n) days of snapshots being listed.  Pressing without
specifying a number lists all completed snapshots.



Listing all Completed Snapshots

                           Snap
Instance       Snap Id     Snap Started     Level Comment
------------ --------- ----------------- ----- --------------------
orcl           1 27 Oct 2015 18:38     5
               2 27 Oct 2015 18:46     5



Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter value for begin_snap: 1
Begin Snapshot Id specified: 1

Enter value for end_snap: 2
End   Snapshot Id specified: 2



Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is sb_orclb_orcl_1_2.  To use this name,
press to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.

Enter value for report_name: /tmp/sb_orclb_orcl_1_2

所有收集到的数据会存储在stdbyperf用户下面。

6、删除snapshot

$ sqlplus stdbyperf/bbb;

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/sbpurge.sql

二、配置statspack定时收集snapshot

1、以使STATSPACK每小时收集一次备库的snapshot为例说明

在/tmp目录下创建sbauto.sql脚本，内容如下（从$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/spauto.sql脚本改编而来）：

spool sbauto.lis

variable jobno number;
variable instno number;
begin
  select 1 into :instno from dual;
  dbms_job.submit(:jobno, 'statspack_orclb_orcl.snap;', trunc(sysdate+1/24,'HH'), 'trunc(SYSDATE+1/24,''HH'')', TRUE, :instno);
  commit;
end;
/

prompt  the job:
print jobno

prompt  The next scheduled run for this job is:
select job, next_date, next_sec
  from user_jobs
where job = :jobno;

spool off;

2、执行脚本:

在主库上使用stdbyperf用户登录

$ sqlplus stdbyperf/bbb;

SQL> @/tmp/sbauto.sql

3、查询任务是否创建成功

$ sqlplus stdbyperf/bbb;

SQL> select job,log_user,priv_user,schema_user,next_date,next_sec from user_jobs;

三、设置定时产生报表并发送：

1、创建生成报表并发送的脚本：

改脚本范例为当天12点到14点的statspack报告。

$ vi /home/oracle/scripts/get_statspack.sh

内容如下：

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile

LOGDIR=/u02/monitor/log
date=`date '+%Y%m%d'`

filename=statspack_$date.txt

db_unique_name=orclb
inst_name=orcl

minid=`sqlplus -s / as sysdba < set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off
select min(snap_id) from stdbyperf.stats\\$snapshot where snap_time between trunc(Sysdate)+12/24 And trunc(Sysdate)+14/24;
exit;
EOF`

maxid=`sqlplus -s / as sysdba < set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off
select max(snap_id) from stdbyperf.stats\\$snapshot where snap_time between trunc(Sysdate)+12/24 And trunc(Sysdate)+14/24;
exit;
EOF`

sqlplus -S stdbyperf/bbb < @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/sbreport.sql
$db_unique_name
$inst_name
$minid
$maxid

$LOGDIR/statspack_$date.txt

exit;
EOF

mutt -s "statspack daily report" [email protected] -a $LOGDIR/$filename

加上执行权限：

chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/get_statspack.sh

2、创建定时任务：

$ crontab -e

30 15 * * * sh /home/oracle/scripts/get_statspack.sh >> /home/oracle/log/get_statspack.log

四、定时删除statspack历史数据的脚本：

vi /home/oracle/scripts/del_sp_his_snapshot_for_nicaifub.sh

内容：

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export DB_UNIQUE_NAME=nicaifub
export INSTANCE_NAME=nicaifu
export DATE=`date '+%Y%m%d'`

echo $DATE

lowid=`sqlplus -s / as sysdba < set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off
select min(snap_id) from stdbyperf.stats\\$snapshot;
exit;
EOF`

highid=`sqlplus -s / as sysdba < set pagesize 0 feedback off verify off heading off echo off
select max(snap_id)-24 from stdbyperf.stats\\$snapshot;
exit;
EOF`

echo $lowid
echo $highid

sqlplus stdbyperf/statspack_1qaz2wsx < @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/sbpurge.sql
$DB_UNIQUE_NAME
$INSTANCE_NAME
$lowid
$highid
exit;

EOF

chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/del_sp_his_snapshot_for_nicaifub.sh

定时任务crontab -e

10 03 * * * sh /home/oracle/scripts/del_sp_his_snapshot_for_nicaifub.sh >> /home/oracle/log/del_sp_his_snapshot_for_nicaifub.log

附：

运行job：

SQL> exec dbms_job.run(4);

停止job：

SQL> exec dbms_job.broken(4,true);

删除job：

SQL> dbms_job.remove(4);

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