区块链与iot结合项目
Blockchains and the IoT (Internet of Things)
Search and discover innovative Internet of Things (IoT) targeted Blockchain Dapps, products and development projects.
Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin represent much more than digital economic innovations. The true value of the underlying technology — the blockchain — has only just begun to be explored, and potential applications to the Internet of Things and Smart Systems are vast.
The following Channel Guide will help you:
- Get a brief overview of how Blockchain technology can impact IoT distributed systems, sensors and data.
- Explore current state of smart contracts in relation to embedded devices and Internet of Things devices.
- View current range of projects/case studies navigating the technological hurdles
11/01/2019
Projects
Background
Resources
Featured
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Filament Networks
Filament Networks offers an end-to-end solution that enables self-forming wireless mesh networks over long-range radio.
Reno United States
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Projects / Companies
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Atonomi
"Atonomi provides a new security protocol and infrastructure to enable billions of IoT devices to have trusted interoperability for both data and commerce."
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Details
- White Paper
- $ATMI Coinmarketcap
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Chain of Things
A consortium that is exploring the role blockchain may have in providing security for the Internet of Things.
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Details
- Case Study
- Partners
- Publications
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IOTA
IOTA is a revolutionary new transactional settlement and data transfer layer for the Internet of Things. It’s based on a new distributed ledger, the Tangle, which overcomes the inefficiencies of current Blockchain designs and introduces a new way of reaching consensus in a decentralized peer-to-peer system.
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Details
- Developer Docs
- API Commands
- $IOTA Coinmarketcap
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IoTeX
"A decentralized network for Internet of Things (IoT) powered by a privacy-centric blockchain."
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Details
- FAQ
- Whitepaper
- $IOTEX Coinmarketcap
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IoT Chain
IoT Chain (ITC) is developed as a lite operating system using the blockchain concept and implementing PBFT, DAG, SPV and CPS technology, allowing data to be layered and stored in a decentralised manner and providing protection with the combined strength of the millions of IoT nodes within the network.
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Details
- $ITC Coinmarketcap
- Whitepaper PDF
Integrate Watson IoT Platform with Blockchain
The Watson IoT Platform has a built-in capability that lets you add selected IoT data to a private blockchain.
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Details
- Free Trial
- Blockchain Docs
Supply Chain Focused
Ambrosus
Ambrosus is a blockchain-powered IoT network for food and pharmaceutical enterprises, enabling secure and frictionless dialogue between sensors, distributed ledgers and databases to optimise supply chain visibility and quality assurance.
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Details
- $AMB Coinmarketcap
- Token Information
Waltonchain
Waltonchain (沃尔顿链 in Chinese, or WTC for short) is a genuine, trustworthy and traceable business ecosystem with complete data sharing and absolute information transparency. It is created through a combination of the RFID and blockchain technologies,
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Details
- $WTC Coinmarketcap
- Whitepaper
- FAQ
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OriginTrail
OriginTrail is Blockchain-Powered Data Exchange Protocol for Interconnected Supply Chains
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Details
- $TRAC Coinmarketcap
- Whitepaper
- FAQ
Data Marketplaces
Streamr
Streamr is making these data streams tradeable. We provide a single interface for realtime data delivery and payment, using our cryptographic token, $DATA.
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Details
- Marketplace
- Explainer Video
- $DATA Coinmarketcap
Zap
Hardware / Connectivity Focused
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Slock.it
Slock.it brings the benefits of the Blockchain - transparency, security and auditablity - to real-world objects.
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- IoT Layer
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BlockMesh
The BlockMesh platform is a platform supporting mesh based devices focusing on communication and the loT.
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Details
- $BMH Coinmarketcap
- Whitepaper
- Hardware Focused
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Helium
Helium's decentralized machine network simplifies connecting anything to the internet through a blockchain, wireless network, and open-source software.
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Details
- Whitepaper
- FAQ
Moeco
Moeco is a decentralized protocol for M2M communication, relying on the ultra-low power and long-range network infrastructure.
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Details
- Whitepaper
Location Focused
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FOAM
The FOAM Proof of Location protocol empowers a permissionless and autonomous network of radio beacons that can offer secure location services.
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Details
- Whitepaper
- $FOAM token info
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Fysical
Location Data Market Protocol. Provides infrastructure for the transparent and compliant exchange of location data; foot traffic sensor readings, store visit information, commute routes.
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Details
- Whitepaper
- $FYS Token sale info
Energy Market
Grid+
Grid+ leverages the Ethereum blockchain to give consumers direct access to wholesale energy markets, responding intelligently to changes in energy prices.
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Details
- $GRID Coinmarketcap
- Whitepaper
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Power Ledger
Power Ledger is a distributed, interoperable energy trading platform that supports an extensive suite of energy-focused applications.
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Details
- $POWR Coinmarketcap
- Whitepaper
Additional
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IBM BLOCKCHAIN (HYPERLEDGER)
IBM Watson IoT Platform enables IoT devices to send data to private blockchain ledgers for inclusion in shared transactions with tamper-resistant...
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CRYPTOTRONIX
A consultancy specializing in IoT security. We focus on device key management solutions with dedicated embedded cryptographic hardware.
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TILEPAY
A platform that enables users to control access to their data for their IoT devices.
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MODUM
Ensuring drug safety with blockchain technology. "Creates sensor devices leveraging blockchain technology to assert data immutability and public...
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Factom: Factom is a system for securing millions of realtime records using blockchain technology.
Provenance: Product transparency company that utilizes blockchain
Chronicled - A San Francisco based technology company with expertise in developing software at the intersection of blockchain technology, IoT, and user engagement. The Company is developing an open-source registry for IoT microchips and consumer products on the Ethereum blockchain.
riddle&code - "A platform connects the blockchain to any physical object in an uncompromisable way."
Blockchain of Things - "Secure Peer to Peer Communication for the Industrial Internet of Things. An open integration platform for everyone else"
eciotify - "lays the foundation for a secure, scalable and decentralized trading of digital assets, empowering the Economy of Things. eciotify uses Blockchain technology to enable the use of Smart Contracts between IoT devices.
qiio - "Customized Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) integration powered by blockchain. Decentralized data storage for data authenticity and security"
- IBM Adept
- Video: ADEPT demo by IBM/Samsung - AirLock (Video)
- Send Bitcoin using Sound - Chirp
- Flowchain - "A distributed ledger for peer-to-peer IoT networks and real-time data transactions"
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Raiden Energy IoT Demo
"We constructed a small IoT demo where a producer sells energy to a consumer. The provided and consumed electricity amounts are metered and the consumer pays for every 2000 watt seconds consumed. If the provider is not receiving payments, it will switch off the energy supply."
Products:
Azure Blockchain as a Service
NFC and Blockchain access control - Zerado
NFC Smart Seals:
dLoc: An integrated document verification and authentication solution. This breakthrough solution is based on the company’s IoT enablement platform Smart Cosmos, its NFC transponders, and innovative and highly secure blockchain technology provided by partner Factom.
Chronicled Crypto Seal: A cryptographic, blockchain-compatible, NFC-enabled, tamper-proof seal that allows customers to secure the content of packages and containers.
IoT Security:
"Blockchain-focused security firm Guardtime has announced it will be working with embedded authentication company Intrinsic-ID for secure governance of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The alliance brings together Guardtime's Keyless Signature Infrastructure (KSI) Blockchain technology and Intrinsic-ID's SRAM Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs)." - Article
Code
EthCore Parity: Implemented in Rust, it uses the cutting edge, highly sophisticated hybrid functional language to create a blockchain client which is uniquely high-performance, low-footprint and reliable.
EthEmbedded - Providing successful builds of Ethereum Clients for multiple, Linux based, ARM embedded devices
Lisk: Blockchain Applications - Written in JavaScript. Running on Sidechains.
IPFS - A peer-to-peer hypermedia protocol to make the web faster, safer, and more open.
Background
First, let’s review the basics of how Bitcoin, and blockchains generally, work.
- Blockchain Basics
- Blockchains, Altchains, and Sidechains
- Applications for IoT and Smart Systems
- Resources
- Projects
- Companies
Blockchain Basics
If you haven't been living under a rock, you are probably aware of Bitcoin as a popular (and controversial) cryptocurrency -- a form of money that can be transferred securely and anonymously across a widely distributed peer-to-peer network. The Bitcoin blockchain is essentially a ledger of all legitimate transactions that have occurred on the network so far, which is maintained by the collaborative efforts of all the nodes in the network.
The process is automatic, based on consensus, and fully auditable. That creates a “trustless” system where nobody has to put their faith in anyone else, because the Bitcoin network itself is guaranteed to keep a fair and accurate record of which bitcoins belong to whom (solving what is known as the Byzantine Generals Problem).
The Bitcoin blockchain is built up over time, as new transactions are added to the ledger. Whenever two people exchange bitcoins, an encrypted record of the transaction is sent out to all other nodes in the Bitcoin network. The other nodes verify the transaction by performing complex cryptographic calculations on the data in the record, and notify one another each time a new “block” of transactions is confirmed as legitimate (every 10 minutes). When a majority of the nodes agree that a block passes muster, they all add it to the ledger and use the updated version as a cryptographic basis for encrypting and verifying future transactions.
That way, the blockchain can record an accurate history of Bitcoin exchanges and, because it’s constantly being extended and verified collectively, is basically impervious to fraud (outside of flaws in the underlying structure [see Satoshi's original whitepaper here], a 51% attack, or other weakness in the system).
Blockchains, Altchains, and Sidechains
Since Bitcoin was first created in 2009, many other cryptocurrencies or "altcoins" have sprung up using similar structures. Each has its own blockchain, often called “altchains” because they are largely based on forks of the Bitcoin software.
Developers quickly realized that blockchains weren’t restricted to monetary transactions -- they could be used to track and verify any kind of digital exchange. Perhaps the most prominent example is Namecoin, a distributed DNS namespace. The Namecoin blockchain is a record of who controls which name in the .bit namespace (e.g. mydomain.bit). Another example is Datacoin, which lets users store data in its blockchain.
The trouble with the proliferation of altchains is two-fold. One: The security and reliability of a blockchain network depends on its size -- the number of nodes involved -- and the Bitcoin blockchain has a big lead in terms of its computing power, which makes it difficult for fledgling cryptocurrencies to gain widespread adoption. Two: Forking development results in siloing of the assets and networks of altchains. That means each altchain duplicates a lot of the code and functionality of other blockchains without being directly integrated with them (which is due partly to the reluctance of Bitcoin’s developers to make big changes to the software now that there’s so much at stake in the network). It also means that assets -- like Bitcoins or Namecoins -- can’t be transferred directly between blockchains (there are third-party exchanges for that).
To solve both those problems, some developers have proposed a concept called the “sidechain.” Sidechains enable developers to create software that iterates on a “parent” blockchain, while allowing assets to be directly transferred between the parent and the sidechain, and from one sidechain to another.
That means the Bitcoin “parent” blockchain could spawn sidechains to handle the exchange of names, data, or other assets within the Bitcoin network without altering the core functionality of Bitcoin (see a list of potential applications here).
Applications for IoT and Smart Systems
As blockchains and sidechains proliferate, there are several important implications for the Internet of Things and the development of Smart Systems. For one, blockchain technology could provide a way to track the unique history of individual devices, by recording a ledger of data exchanges between it and other devices, web services, and human users.
Blockchains could also enable smart devices to become independent agents, autonomously conducting a variety of transactions. Imagine a vending machine that can not only monitor and report its own stock, but can solicit bids from distributors and pay for the delivery of new items automatically -- based, of course, on the purchase history of its customers. Or a suite of smart home appliances that can bid with one another for priority so that the laundry machine, dishwasher and robo-vacuum all run at an appropriate time while minimizing the cost of electricity against current grid prices. Or a vehicle that can diagnose, schedule and pay for its own maintenance.
At a more abstract level, blockchain networks themselves also have the potential to become independent agents, what some have referred to as “Distributed Autonomous Corporations.” These would supplant systems like banking and arbitration, which have traditionally relied on trusted and centralized human authorities, with trustless and decentralized networks. Examples include electronic couriers to securely transfer sensitive information, escrow services to transfer ownership rights, or even auto-installation services to verify and push updates to the software governing other DACs.
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"In the absence of a centralized server brokering messages, supporting file storage and transfers, and arbitrating roles and permissions, any decentralized IoT solution should support three foundational types of transactions:
• Trustless peer-to-peer messaging
• Secure distributed data sharing
• A robust and scalable form of device coordination."
Source: IBM Institute for Business Value
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Blockchain Application Stack - Credit: Joel Monegro, Coindesk
Building a distributed future
Blockchains and cryptocurrencies are a fairly new invention, and current applications only scrape the surface of their possible uses. As various companies, projects and individuals begin thinking about ways to apply blockchains to the IoT and Smart Systems, we’ll collect information about those developments and other resources below.
Keywords:
Distributed Autonomous Corporation (DAC)
Object-oriented ontology (OOO)
Sidechains
- Blockstream
Additional resources
Background Articles:
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Bosch, Cisco, Gemalto and More: Tech Giants Team Up For Blockchain-IoT - Coindesk (1/2017)
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Blockchain And IoT: A Perfect Match? - Andre De Castro at Blockgeeks (12/2016)
- How can blockchains improve the Internet of Things? - Peter Saint-Andre for CoinCenter (10/2016)
- Connecting IoT With Blockchain (Part two)- Sam Davies for IoTUK
- The Internet of Things Needs A Ledger of Things - Forbes Alex Tapscott (8/2016)
- The Fifth Protocol - Bt Naval Ravikant (April 2014)
- Minimum Viable Block Chain - By Ilya Grigorik (May 2014) H/T @mjfreshyfresh
- Farstuff: The IoT Podcast - #9: Bitcoin & The IoT (June 2014)
- Bitcoin and the Three Laws of Robotics - by Stan Larimer (Sept 2014)
- Device democracy: Saving the future of the Internet of Things - IBM (Sept 2014)
- Mixed Reality Through the Internet of Things and Bitcoin: How Laws Affect Them - Anastasia Michailaki - 10/7/2014
- The Blockchain Application Stack - By Joel Monegro (Nov 2014)
- Blockchain AI: Consensus as the Mechanism to foster ‘Friendly’ AI (Nov 2014)
- Decentralized Money: Bitcoin 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 - IEET By Melanie Swan (Nov 2014)
- A New Supply Chain Operating System? - Adrian Gonzalez (Jan 2015)
- Bitcoin hardware startup 21 wants to put “a miner in every device”—but should we? - Postscapes (May 2015)
- Interview: Decentralized Smart Devices with Stephan Tual from Slock.it
- Bitcoin Series 24: The Mega-Master Blockchain List
- Bitcoin: Enabler for the IoT? - Bosch (June 2015)
- Interview With Jasson Cassidy From Emercoin - 4/17/2016
- The Future of the Web Looks a Lot Like Bitcoin - IEEE (July 1st)
- Techcrunch: Decentralizing IoT networks through blockchain - Ben Dickson - 6/28/2016
Security Focused
- IoT security based on the DPK platform (PDF) - Secumobi
Guide
Trevor Harwood
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Trevor has been following the IoT and its implications since 2009. He is most interested in how we can utilize technology and connectivity to reduce resource usage.
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