springmvc+mybatis+shardingsphere(shardingjdbc)实现数据库(mysql)读写分离架构

在存在大量读操作的场景,可以采用数据库读写分离的机制来加快查询速度。

mysql本身就支持多服务实现读写分离,而springmvc要实现可以自己写读写分离的代码实现,其基本原理就是采用aop原理,拦截特定的自定义注解方法,通过不同的参数调用不同的数据源,这个网上有很多例子。

如果是已经存在的系统改造或者自己不想写代码,也可以采用已经成熟的框架,本人使用的是sharding-sphere的sharding-jdbc,官网是:http://shardingjdbc.io/。

首先,要在springmvc项目的pom文件中添加包,代码如下:


	
	    io.shardingsphere
	    sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter
	    3.0.0.M1
	
	
	
	    io.shardingsphere
	    sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace
	    3.0.0.M1
	

然后,准备好三个数据库,一个主库两个从库,新增回加入主库,查询回随机走从库,如果mysql配置了读写分离机制,会自动把主库的数据同步到从库。创建脚本如下:

-- 主库
CREATE DATABASE `master`;

CREATE TABLE `t_order` (
  `order_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `business_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `t_order` VALUES (1,1,112);

-- 从库1
CREATE DATABASE `slave_1` ; 
CREATE TABLE `t_order` (
  `order_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `business_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ;

INSERT INTO `t_order` VALUES (2,2,112);

-- 从库2
CREATE DATABASE `slave_2` ; 
CREATE TABLE `t_order` (
  `order_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `business_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `t_order` VALUES (3,3,112);

数据库信息配置文件db.properties配置如下:

#master
jdbc.master.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.master.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/master?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.master.username=root
jdbc.master.password=123456

#slave1
jdbc.slave1.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.slave1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/slave_1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.slave1.username=root
jdbc.slave1.password=123456

#slave2
jdbc.slave2.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.slave2.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/slave_2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.slave2.username=root
jdbc.slave2.password=123456

spring配置文件,配置数据源代码如下:


    
    

    
        
        
        
    

    
    
        
            
                classpath*:property/*.properties
            
        
    

    
    
        
        
        
        
        
        
	    
	    
	    
        
        
            true
        
        
            SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
        
    
    
    
        
        
        
        
        
        
	    
	    
	    
        
        
            true
        
        
            SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
        
    
    
    
        
        
        
        
        
        
	    
	    
	    
        
        
            true
        
        
            SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
        
    
    
    

	
	
    
        
    

    
        
        
        
            
                classpath*:mybatis/mapper/**/*Mapper.xml
            
        
    

    
        
    

    

model文件UserModel.java代码如下:

package com.shan.ssm.model;

public class UserModel {
	
	private Integer orderId;
	
	private Integer userId;
	
	private Integer businessId;

	public Integer getOrderId() {
		return orderId;
	}

	public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
		this.orderId = orderId;
	}

	public Integer getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public Integer getBusinessId() {
		return businessId;
	}

	public void setBusinessId(Integer businessId) {
		this.businessId = businessId;
	}

}

ShardingJdbcController.java代码如下:

package com.shan.ssm.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.shan.ssm.service.IShardingJdbcService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("sjc")
public class ShardingJdbcController {
	
	@Autowired
	private IShardingJdbcService iShardingJdbcService;
	
	@RequestMapping("/insert")
	@ResponseBody
	public String insert() {
		String msg = iShardingJdbcService.insert();
		return msg;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/list")
	@ResponseBody
	public String list() {
		String msg = iShardingJdbcService.list();
		return msg;
	}
	
}

IShardingJdbcService.java接口代码如下:

package com.shan.ssm.service;

public interface IShardingJdbcService {
	
	public String insert();
	
	public String list();
	
}

ShardingJdbcService.java实现代码如下:

package com.shan.ssm.service.impl;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.shan.ssm.model.UserModel;
import com.shan.ssm.service.IShardingJdbcService;

@Service
public class ShardingJdbcService implements IShardingJdbcService {
	
	@Resource
	private SqlSession sqlSession;
	
	@Override
	public String insert() {
		UserModel um = new UserModel();
		um.setOrderId(RandomUtils.nextInt(10, 10000));
		um.setUserId(RandomUtils.nextInt(10, 10000));
		um.setBusinessId(RandomUtils.nextInt(10, 10000));
		int num = sqlSession.insert(ShardingJdbcService.class.getName() + ".insert", um);
		JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
		if (num >= 0) {
			obj.put("code", 0);
			obj.put("msg", "成功");
		} else {
			obj.put("code", 1);
			obj.put("msg", "失败");
		}
		return obj.toJSONString();
	}
	
	@Override
	public String list() {
		List> list= sqlSession.selectList(ShardingJdbcService.class.getName() + ".list");
		JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
		obj.put("list", list);
		return obj.toJSONString();
	}
	
}

mybatis的mapper文件ShardingJdbcServiceMapper.xml代码如下:




	
	
		INSERT INTO t_order
		(order_id,
		user_id,
		business_id)
		VALUES
		(#{orderId},
		#{userId},
		#{businessId}
		)
    
	
	
	

启动程序后,测试插入,发现只会往主库中插入数据,如图:

springmvc+mybatis+shardingsphere(shardingjdbc)实现数据库(mysql)读写分离架构_第1张图片

springmvc+mybatis+shardingsphere(shardingjdbc)实现数据库(mysql)读写分离架构_第2张图片

查询也是随机调用的两个从库,如图:


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