1、单链表
1 #include2 #include 3 typedef struct LNode{ 4 int data; 5 struct LNode *next; 6 }LNode, *LinkList;//定义结构体和结构体指针 7 8 /*按值查找结点*/ 9 int LocateElem(LinkList &L, int x){ 10 LNode *p = L -> next; 11 int cnt = 1; 12 while(p){ 13 if(p -> data == x) 14 break; 15 cnt++; 16 p = p -> next; 17 } 18 return cnt; 19 } 20 /*按序号查找结点值,序号从0开始*/ 21 LNode *GetElem(LinkList &L, int i){ 22 LNode *p = L -> next; 23 if(i == 0) return L; 24 if(i < 1) return NULL; 25 26 int cnt = 1; 27 while(p != NULL){ 28 if(cnt == i) 29 break; 30 cnt++;//千万要记得不等时,计数要增加1啊 31 p = p->next; 32 } 33 return p; 34 } 35 /*尾插法创建单链表,需要一个总是指向尾结点的指针 36 返回一个指向结构体类型的指针,即链表头 37 */ 38 LinkList CreatList2(LinkList &L){ 39 L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 40 L -> next = NULL; 41 LNode *s, *r = L; 42 for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++){ 43 s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 44 s->data = i; 45 46 r -> next = s;//将节点s接到尾巴后面,r指向新的尾结点 47 r = s; 48 } 49 r -> next = NULL;//千万要记得将尾结点的指针域置空啊 50 return L; 51 } 52 /*头插法创建单链表*/ 53 LinkList CreatList1(LinkList &L){ 54 LNode *s; 55 L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));//创建头结点 56 L->next = NULL;//指向空 57 58 for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++){ 59 s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 60 s->data = i; 61 62 s->next = L->next;//先将L的next接到s的后面,然后接头结点 63 L -> next = s; 64 } 65 return L; 66 } 67 /*依次打印元素*/ 68 void PrintList(LinkList &L){ 69 LNode *p = L->next; 70 while(p != NULL){ 71 printf("%d ", p -> data); 72 p = p->next; 73 } 74 puts(""); 75 } 76 /*计算单链表长度*/ 77 int Length(LinkList &L){ 78 LNode *p = L -> next; 79 int cnt = 0; 80 while(p != NULL){ 81 cnt++; 82 p = p-> next; 83 } 84 return cnt; 85 } 86 /*插入结点操作,将s插入到第i个位置上,也即前插操作*/ 87 void Insert(LinkList &L, LNode *s, int i){ 88 int Llength = Length(L); 89 if(i < 0 || i > Llength) 90 return; 91 92 LNode *pre = GetElem(L, i - 1); 93 s -> next = pre -> next; 94 pre -> next = s; 95 } 96 /*后插结点操作,将s插入到第i个位置之后*/ 97 void BackInsert(LinkList &L, LNode *s, int i){ 98 int Llength = Length(L); 99 printf("长度是%d\n", Llength); 100 if(i < 0 || i > Llength) 101 return; 102 103 LNode *p = GetElem(L, i);//一种方法是直接获取第i个结点,插入其后,另一种是不变,交换数据域 104 s -> next = p -> next; 105 p -> next = s; 106 107 /*int temp = p->data; 108 p -> data = s -> data; 109 s -> data = temp;*/ 110 } 111 /*删除第i个结点*/ 112 bool DelateElem(LinkList &L, int i){ 113 LNode *pre = GetElem(L, i - 1); 114 LNode *p = pre -> next;//先指出p,便于之后释放内存 115 pre -> next = p->next; 116 free(p); 117 } 118 int main(){ 119 LinkList L1; 120 CreatList1(L1); 121 PrintList(L1); 122 printf("该链表的长度是:%d\n",Length(L1)); 123 124 LinkList L2; 125 CreatList2(L2); 126 PrintList(L2); 127 printf("该链表的长度是:%d\n",Length(L2)); 128 129 LNode *x; 130 for(int i = 1; i < 7; i++){ 131 x = GetElem(L2, i); 132 printf("第%d个元素是%d\n",i, x->data); 133 } 134 for(int i = 2; i < 7; i++){ 135 printf("存在值为%d的元素,在第%d个位置上\n",i, LocateElem(L2, i)); 136 } 137 138 LNode *s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 139 s -> data = 99; 140 s -> next = NULL; 141 Insert(L2, s, 2); 142 PrintList(L2); 143 144 LNode *s1 = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 145 s1 -> data = 99; 146 s1 -> next = NULL; 147 //同是s的话是同一个地址,插入就是替换,涉及指针的问题 148 BackInsert(L2, s1, 3);//插入到第四个位置 149 PrintList(L2); 150 151 DelateElem(L2, 2); 152 DelateElem(L2, 3); 153 PrintList(L2); 154 return 0; 155 }
2、双链表
1 #include2 #include 3 4 typedef struct LNode{ 5 int data; 6 struct LNode *prior, *next; 7 }LNode, *LinkList;//定义结构体和结构体指针 8 9 /*初始化*/ 10 LinkList InitList(LinkList &L){ 11 L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 12 L->data = -1; 13 L->next = NULL; 14 L->prior = NULL; 15 return L; 16 } 17 /*头插法建立双链表*/ 18 LinkList FrontList(LinkList &L){ 19 L = InitList(L); 20 21 LNode *s; 22 for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++){ 23 s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));//每次需要新的地址 24 s->data = i; 25 26 s->next = L->next; 27 L->next = s; 28 s->prior = L; 29 if(s->next != NULL) 30 s->next->prior = s; 31 } 32 return L; 33 } 34 /*尾插法建立双链表*/ 35 LinkList BackList(LinkList &L){ 36 L = InitList(L); 37 LNode *s, *r = L; 38 39 for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++){ 40 s = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode));//每次需要新的地址 41 s->data = i; 42 43 r->next = s; 44 s->prior = r; 45 r = s; 46 } 47 r -> next = NULL; 48 return L; 49 } 50 /*求表长*/ 51 int Length(LinkList &L){ 52 LNode *p = L -> next; 53 int cnt = 0; 54 while(p){ 55 cnt++; 56 p = p->next; 57 } 58 //L->data = cnt; 59 return cnt; 60 } 61 /*按值查找元素*/ 62 LNode *GetElem(LinkList &L, LNode *e){ 63 LNode *p = L->next; 64 while(p && p->data != e->data){ 65 p = p->next; 66 } 67 return p; 68 } 69 /*按序号查找元素,从1开始*/ 70 LNode *LocateElem(LinkList &L, int x){ 71 int Llength = Length(L); 72 if(x < 0 || x > Llength) 73 return NULL; 74 75 LNode *p = L->next; 76 int cnt = 0; 77 while(p && cnt < x){ 78 cnt++; 79 p = p->next; 80 } 81 return p; 82 } 83 /*插入,第i个位置*/ 84 bool ListInsert(LinkList &L, LNode *s, int i){ 85 int Llength = Length(L); 86 if(i < 0 ||i >= Llength) 87 return false; 88 89 LNode *p = LocateElem(L, i - 1); 90 s->next = p->next; 91 p->next = s; 92 s->next->prior = s; 93 s->prior = p; 94 } 95 /*删除*/ 96 bool ListDelate(LinkList &L, int i, LNode &e){ 97 int Llength = Length(L); 98 if(i < 0 ||i >= Llength) 99 return false; 100 101 LNode *q, *p = LocateElem(L, i - 1); 102 q = p -> next; 103 e.data = q -> data; 104 105 p->next = q->next; 106 q->next->prior = p; 107 free(q);//删除的是第i个位置上的元素啊 108 } 109 /*打印*/ 110 void PrintList(LinkList &L){ 111 printf("正序为:"); 112 LNode *p = L; 113 LNode *p1 = NULL; 114 while(p != NULL){ 115 printf("%d ", p->data); 116 if(p->next == NULL) 117 p1 = p; 118 p = p -> next; 119 } 120 puts(""); 121 122 printf("逆序为:"); 123 while(p1){ 124 printf("%d ", p1->data); 125 p1 = p1 -> prior; 126 } 127 puts(""); 128 } 129 /*判空*/ 130 bool Empty(LinkList &L){ 131 if(L->next == NULL) 132 return true; 133 return false; 134 } 135 /*销毁,递归释放内存*/ 136 void Destory(LinkList &L, LNode *s){ 137 if(s == NULL){ 138 L->next = NULL; 139 return; 140 } 141 142 Destory(L,s->next); 143 free(s); 144 s=NULL; 145 //L->data--; 146 } 147 /*销毁,非递归释放内存*/ 148 void Destory2(LinkList &L){ 149 LNode *t,*p = L -> next; 150 while(p){ 151 t = p -> next; 152 free(p); 153 L->data--; 154 p = t; 155 } 156 L -> next = NULL; 157 } 158 159 int main() 160 { 161 LinkList L2 = BackList(L2); 162 PrintList(L2); 163 printf("尾插法表长为%d\n", Length(L2)); 164 165 LinkList L = FrontList(L); 166 PrintList(L); 167 printf("头插法表长为%d\n", Length(L)); 168 169 Destory(L2, L2->next); 170 PrintList(L2); 171 if(Empty(L2)) 172 printf("空表\n"); 173 174 /*Destory2(L); 175 PrintList(L); 176 if(Empty(L)) 177 printf("空表\n");*/ 178 179 PrintList(L); 180 LNode *x = (LNode*)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); 181 x -> data = 3; 182 x -> next = x ->prior = NULL; 183 printf("查找到值为%d的元素\n", GetElem(L, x)->data); 184 for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) 185 printf("查序号为%d元素的值为%d\n",i, LocateElem(L, i)->data); 186 187 x -> data = 99; 188 ListInsert(L, x, 3); 189 PrintList(L); 190 191 LNode e; 192 e.data = -1; 193 e.next = e.prior = NULL; 194 ListDelate(L, 3, e); 195 printf("删除元素的值为%d\n", e.data); 196 PrintList(L); 197 198 return 0; 199 }