Spring事务Transaction配置的五种注入方式详解

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前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。

    总结如下：

    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

   DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图：

    根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

 "1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

  "sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />



  "transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />



  "userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />


  "userDao"
  class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

  "transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
  "target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
  "proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />

  "transactionAttributes">

  "*"> PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

    第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

 "1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

  "sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />



  "transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />


  "transactionBase"
  class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
  lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

  "transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

  "transactionAttributes">

  "*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED





  "userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />


  "userDao" parent="transactionBase">
  "target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

第三种方式：使用拦截器

 "1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

  "sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />



  "transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />


  "transactionInterceptor"
  class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
  "transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

  "transactionAttributes">

  "*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED




  class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
  "beanNames">

   *Dao


  "interceptorNames">

   transactionInterceptor





  "userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

 "1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">


  package="com.bluesky" />

  "sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />



  "transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />


  "txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

  "*" propagation="REQUIRED" />




  "interceptorPointCuts"
  expression="execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
  "txAdvice"
  pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

第五种方式：全注解