EXCEL POI学习笔记 xssf (一)

1.创建一个工作薄

 

        //创建一个工作薄
        XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        //创建一个电子表格createSheet
        XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("创建一个带名字的电子表格");
        //XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();//调用默认构造创建电子表格
        //创建第三行,行和列都是从0开始计算的
        XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 2);
        row.setHeightInPoints(30);//设置行高30
        //1-8行的列宽为256像素 15在这里表示一个像素
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
            //column width is set in units of 1/256th of a character width
            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 256 * 15);
        }

 

2.输出到文件或者流

 

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("E:/temp/study/xssf-align.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();

 

 

3.对单元格进行对齐居中设置

 

        createCell(wb, row, (short) 0, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_BOTTOM);
        createCell(wb, row, (short) 1, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER_SELECTION, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_BOTTOM);
        createCell(wb, row, (short) 2, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        createCell(wb, row, (short) 3, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_GENERAL, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        createCell(wb, row, (short) 4, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_JUSTIFY, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_JUSTIFY);
        createCell(wb, row, (short) 5, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_TOP);
        createCell(wb, row, (short) 6, XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT, XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_TOP);

    private static void createCell(XSSFWorkbook wb, XSSFRow row, short column,
            short halign, short valign) {
        XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(column);
        cell.setCellValue(new XSSFRichTextString("Align It"));
        //=======创建单元格样式:开始===========
        CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        cellStyle.setAlignment(halign);
        cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(valign);
        //=======创建单元格样式:结束===========
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
    }

 

 

4.最大化的使用Workbook

   (1) 使用模板，例如 单元格样式和数字格式化等重复使用的最后使用全局对象

 

    /**
     * 创建样式库.
     */
    private static Map createStyles(XSSFWorkbook wb){
        Map styles = new HashMap();
        XSSFDataFormat fmt = wb.createDataFormat();

        XSSFCellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();
        style1.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
        style1.setDataFormat(fmt.getFormat("0.0%"));
        styles.put("percent", style1);

        XSSFCellStyle style2 = wb.createCellStyle();
        style2.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        style2.setDataFormat(fmt.getFormat("0.0X"));
        styles.put("coeff", style2);

        XSSFCellStyle style3 = wb.createCellStyle();
        style3.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
        style3.setDataFormat(fmt.getFormat("$#,##0.00"));
        styles.put("currency", style3);

        XSSFCellStyle style4 = wb.createCellStyle();
        style4.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
        style4.setDataFormat(fmt.getFormat("mmm dd"));
        styles.put("date", style4);

        XSSFCellStyle style5 = wb.createCellStyle();
        XSSFFont headerFont = wb.createFont();
        headerFont.setBold(true);
        style5.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style5.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style5.setFont(headerFont);
        styles.put("header", style5);

        return styles;
    }

   使用样式库

   private static void generate(Writer out, Map styles) throws Exception {

        Random rnd = new Random();
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();

        SpreadsheetWriter sw = new SpreadsheetWriter(out);
        sw.beginSheet();

        //创建头部行
        sw.insertRow(0);
        int styleIndex = styles.get("header").getIndex();
        sw.createCell(0, "Title", styleIndex);
        sw.createCell(1, "% Change", styleIndex);
        sw.createCell(2, "Ratio", styleIndex);
        sw.createCell(3, "Expenses", styleIndex);
        sw.createCell(4, "Date", styleIndex);

        sw.endRow();

        //插入数据行
        for (int rownum = 1; rownum < 100000; rownum++) {
            sw.insertRow(rownum);

            sw.createCell(0, "Hello, " + rownum + "!");
            sw.createCell(1, (double)rnd.nextInt(100)/100, styles.get("percent").getIndex());
            sw.createCell(2, (double)rnd.nextInt(10)/10, styles.get("coeff").getIndex());
            sw.createCell(3, rnd.nextInt(10000), styles.get("currency").getIndex());
            sw.createCell(4, calendar, styles.get("date").getIndex());

            sw.endRow();

            calendar.roll(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, 1);
        }
        sw.endSheet();
    }

5  创建各种类型的单元格（数字类型，富文本类型，日期类型，公式，超级连接）

 

        // 创建数字类型的单元格
        Cell cell = row.createCell((short)0);
        cell.setCellValue(1);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue(1.2);
        //创建单元格并接设置值为简单字符串
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue("This is a string cell");
        //创建单元格并接设置值为富文本
        RichTextString str = creationHelper.createRichTextString("Apache");
        Font font = wb.createFont();
        font.setItalic(true);
        font.setUnderline(Font.U_SINGLE);
        str.applyFont(font);
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue(str);

        //创建boolean类型的单元格
        row.createCell(4).setCellValue(true);
        //创建单元格，当前单元的值是通过公式得到的 formula
        row.createCell(5).setCellFormula("SUM(A1:B1)");
        //创建日期类型的单元格并接进行格式化
        CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.setDataFormat(creationHelper.createDataFormat().getFormat("m/d/yy h:mm"));
        cell = row.createCell(6);
        cell.setCellValue(new Date());
        cell.setCellStyle(style);
        //创建超级类型的单元格
        row.createCell(7).setCellFormula("SUM(A1:B1)");                    cell.setCellFormula("HYPERLINK(\"http://google.com\",\"Google\")");

 6.自定义单元格的数据格式

 

        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();  //or new HSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
        DataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();
        Row row = sheet.createRow(0);
        Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
        cell.setCellValue(11111.25);
        //创建单元格样式
        CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();   
        style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("0.0"));
        cell.setCellStyle(style);
        
        row = sheet.createRow(1);
        cell = row.createCell(0);
        cell.setCellValue(11111.25);
        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#,##0.0000"));
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

 

7.在单元格上添加注释

 

        CreationHelper factory = wb.getCreationHelper();

        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
        //创建单元格1
        Cell cell1 = sheet.createRow(3).createCell(5);
        cell1.setCellValue("F4");
        //单元格1添加注释
        Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        ClientAnchor anchor = factory.createClientAnchor();
        Comment comment1 = drawing.createCellComment(anchor);
        RichTextString str1 = factory.createRichTextString("Hello, World!");
        comment1.setString(str1);
        comment1.setAuthor("Apache POI");
        cell1.setCellComment(comment1);
        //创建单元格2
        Cell cell2 = sheet.createRow(2).createCell(2);
        cell2.setCellValue("C3");
        //给单元格2添加注释
        Comment comment2 = drawing.createCellComment(anchor);
        RichTextString str2 = factory.createRichTextString("XSSF can set cell comments");
        //设置注释字体的样式
        Font font = wb.createFont();
        font.setFontName("Arial");
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)14);
        font.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
        font.setColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex());
        str2.applyFont(font);

        comment2.setString(str2);
        comment2.setAuthor("Apache POI");
        comment2.setColumn(2);
        comment2.setRow(2);

 

 

8.我们知道excel中可以内嵌各种数据,下面演示如何提取各种类型的数据

 

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(args[0]);
        for (PackagePart pPart : workbook.getAllEmbedds()) {
            String contentType = pPart.getContentType();
            // Excel Workbook - either binary or OpenXML
            if (contentType.equals("application/vnd.ms-excel")) {//offic 2003 excel
                HSSFWorkbook embeddedWorkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(pPart.getInputStream());
            }
            // Excel Workbook - OpenXML file format
            else if (contentType.equals("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet")) {//offic 2007 excel
                XSSFWorkbook embeddedWorkbook = new XSSFWorkbook(pPart.getInputStream());
            }
            // Word Document - binary (OLE2CDF) file format
            else if (contentType.equals("application/msword")) {//offic 2003 word
                HWPFDocument document = new HWPFDocument(pPart.getInputStream());
            }
            // Word Document - OpenXML file format
            else if (contentType.equals("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document")) {
                XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(pPart.getInputStream());
            }
            // PowerPoint Document - binary file format
            else if (contentType.equals("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint")) {
                HSLFSlideShow slideShow = new HSLFSlideShow(pPart.getInputStream());
            }
            // PowerPoint Document - OpenXML file format
            else if (contentType.equals("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation")) {
                OPCPackage docPackage = OPCPackage.open(pPart.getInputStream());
                XSLFSlideShow slideShow = new XSLFSlideShow(docPackage);
            }
            // Any other type of embedded object.
            else {
                System.out.println("Unknown Embedded Document: " + contentType);
                InputStream inputStream = pPart.getInputStream();
            }
        }
    }

 

 

9.单元格背景色的设值

 

        // Aqua background
        //创建样式
        CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
        //设值添加背景色
        style.setFillBackgroundColor(IndexedColors.AQUA.getIndex());
        style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);

        Cell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
        cell.setCellValue(new XSSFRichTextString("X"));
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

        // Orange "foreground", foreground being the fill foreground not the font color.
        //创建样式
        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        //设值添加背景色 style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.ORANGE.getIndex());
        style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        cell = row.createCell((short) 2);
        cell.setCellValue(new XSSFRichTextString("X"));
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

 

 

10.设置打印时内容为一页演示，设置页眉页脚

 

    //设置打印格式化为一页显示
    public static void main(String[]args) throws Exception {
        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();  //or new HSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
        PrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup();
        //设置自动换行
        sheet.setAutobreaks(true);
        
        ps.setFitHeight((short) 1);
        ps.setFitWidth((short) 1);

        // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("E:/temp/study/fitSheetToOnePage.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();

    }

  //在页脚设置当前页编号

        Footer footer = sheet.getFooter();
        //&P == current page number
        //&N == page numbers
        footer.setRight("Page &P of &N");

        //设置页头
        Header firstHeader=((XSSFSheet)sheet).getFirstHeader();
        //&F == workbook file name
        firstHeader.setLeft("&F ......... first header");

 11.在单元格中创建各种类型的超级链接、合并单元格操作、在单元格中实现在动换行。

 

        CreationHelper createHelper = wb.getCreationHelper();
        //超级链接的样式,蓝色并接默认有下划线
        CellStyle hlink_style = wb.createCellStyle();
        Font hlink_font = wb.createFont();
        hlink_font.setUnderline(Font.U_SINGLE);
        hlink_font.setColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.getIndex());
        hlink_style.setFont(hlink_font);
        //创建链接到http://poi.apache.org/的超级链接
        Cell cell;
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Hyperlinks");
        //URL
        cell = sheet.createRow(0).createCell((short)0);
        cell.setCellValue("URL Link");
        Hyperlink link = createHelper.createHyperlink(Hyperlink.LINK_URL);
        link.setAddress("http://poi.apache.org/");
        cell.setHyperlink(link);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlink_style);

        //链接指定目录的文件
        cell = sheet.createRow(1).createCell((short)0);
        cell.setCellValue("File Link");
        link = createHelper.createHyperlink(Hyperlink.LINK_FILE);
        link.setAddress("c://link1.xls");
        cell.setHyperlink(link);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlink_style);

        //调用本地客户端发送邮件
        cell = sheet.createRow(2).createCell((short)0);
        cell.setCellValue("Email Link");
        link = createHelper.createHyperlink(Hyperlink.LINK_EMAIL);
        //note, if subject contains white spaces, make sure they are url-encoded
        link.setAddress("mailto:[email protected]?subject=Hyperlinks");
        cell.setHyperlink(link);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlink_style);

        //link to a place in this workbook

        //创建一个定位到Target Sheet'!A1的链接
        Sheet sheet2 = wb.createSheet("Target Sheet");
        sheet2.createRow(0).createCell((short)0).setCellValue("Target Cell");

        cell = sheet.createRow(3).createCell((short)0);
        cell.setCellValue("Worksheet Link");
        Hyperlink link2 = createHelper.createHyperlink(Hyperlink.LINK_DOCUMENT);
        link2.setAddress("'Target Sheet'!A1");//连接到Target Sheet a1单元格
        cell.setHyperlink(link2);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlink_style);

 

 

         Row row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);
        Cell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
        cell.setCellValue(new XSSFRichTextString("This is a test of merging"));
        //(行，行，列，列)  合并单元格
        sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(5, 7, 1, 2));//第二行 二到三列

 

 

        //单元格中实现自动换行
        Cell cell = row.createCell(2);
        cell.setCellValue("Use \n with word wrap on to create a new line");

        //to enable newlines you need set a cell styles with wrap=true
        CellStyle cs = wb.createCellStyle();
        cs.setWrapText(true);//开启自动换行需要setWrapText（true）
        cell.setCellStyle(cs);

 

12 待续