Python交互式编程

Python交互式编程

交互式编程不需要创建脚本文件，是通过 Python 解释器的交互模式进来编写代码。
- linux上你只需要在命令行中输入 Python 命令即可启动交互式编程
- Windows上在安装Python时已经安装了默认的交互式编程客户端

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
print('中文编码')

安装配置列表

python 3.5.2,
ipython 5.1.0,
jupyter notebook,
matplotlib

---

安装python3.5

具体安装请参考官方文档。安装程序时注意勾选配置环境变量。
https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/

升级pip

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

使用pip安装ipython

pip.exe install ipython

交互模式效果

D:\tools>ipython
Python 3.5.2 (v3.5.2:4def2a2901a5, Jun 25 2016, 22:01:18) [MSC v.1900 32 bit (Intel)]
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 5.1.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: print('hello world!')
hello world!

In [2]: a = ['Windows','10','Python','3.5.2','ipython','jupyter notebook']

In [3]: a
Out[3]: ['Windows', '10', 'Python', '3.5.2', 'ipython', 'jupyter notebook']

In [4]: for i in a:
   ...:     print(i)
   ...:
Windows
10
Python
3.5.2
ipython
jupyter notebook

In [5]:

使用pip安装notebook

pip install notebook

提示已成功安装的包和版本

Installing collected packages: jupyter-core, MarkupSafe, jinja2, jsonschema, nbformat, entrypoints, mistune, nbconvert, tornado, pyzmq, jupyter-client, ipykernel, notebook
  Running setup.py install for MarkupSafe ... done
Successfully installed MarkupSafe-0.23 entrypoints-0.2.2 ipykernel-4.5.0 jinja2-2.8 jsonschema-2.5.1 jupyter-client-4.4.0 jupyter-core-4.2.0 mistune-0.7.3 nbconvert-4.2.0 nbformat-4.1.0 notebook-4.2.3 pyzmq-15.4.0 tornado-4.4.2

在工作目录下启动notebook

jupyter notebook

D:\tools>jupyter notebook
[W 07:44:23.940 NotebookApp] Widgets are unavailable. Please install widgetsnbextension or ipywidgets 4.0
[I 07:44:23.955 NotebookApp] The port 8888 is already in use, trying another port.
[I 07:44:24.143 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: D:\tools
[I 07:44:24.143 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels
[I 07:44:24.143 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at: http://localhost:8889/
[I 07:44:24.143 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).

安装画图工具matplotlib

pip install matplotlib

pip install matplotlib --upgrade

结果提示

Installing collected packages: cycler, pytz, pyparsing, numpy, python-dateutil, matplotlib
Successfully installed cycler-0.10.0 matplotlib-1.5.3 numpy-1.11.2 pyparsing-2.1.10 python-dateutil-2.5.3 pytz-2016.7

测试

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

N = 5
menMeans = (20, 35, 30, 35, 27)
menStd =   (2, 3, 4, 1, 2)

ind = np.arange(N)  # the x locations for the groups
width = 0.35       # the width of the bars

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
rects1 = ax.bar(ind, menMeans, width, color='r', yerr=menStd)

womenMeans = (25, 32, 34, 20, 25)
womenStd =   (3, 5, 2, 3, 3)
rects2 = ax.bar(ind+width, womenMeans, width, color='y', yerr=womenStd)

# add some
ax.set_ylabel('Scores')
ax.set_title('Scores by group and gender')
ax.set_xticks(ind+width)
ax.set_xticklabels( ('G1', 'G2', 'G3', 'G4', 'G5') )

ax.legend( (rects1[0], rects2[0]), ('Men', 'Women') )

def autolabel(rects):
    # attach some text labels
    for rect in rects:
        height = rect.get_height()
        ax.text(rect.get_x()+rect.get_width()/2., 1.05*height, '%d'%int(height),
                ha='center', va='bottom')

autolabel(rects1)
autolabel(rects2)

plt.show()

参考

部分图像测试代码引用：https://my.oschina.net/bery/blog/203595