Android之Intent全面解析及用法
Intent对Android的核心和灵魂，是各组件之间的桥梁。四大组件分别为Activity 、Service、BroadcastReceiver、ContentProvider。
而这四种组件是独立的，它们之间可以互相调用，协调工作，最终组成一个真正的Android应用。
Intent的中文意思为“意图”，在Android中可以理解为想要做什么，What do want to do? 所以什么时候要用到Intent就很好理解了。
显示网页:Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.google.com");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,uri);
startActivity(it);
显示地图:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.Action_VIEW,uri);
startActivity(it);
路径规划:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,URI);
startActivity(it);
拨打电话:
调用拨号程序
Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:xxxxxx");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
startActivity(it);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel.xxxxxx");
Intent it =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,uri);
要使用这个必须在配置文件中加入//搜索应用
Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(it);
//where pkg_name is the full package path for an application
//显示指定应用的详细页面（这个好像不支持了，找不到app_id）
Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://details?id=app_id");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(it);
//where app_id is the application ID, find the ID
//by clicking on your application on Market home
//page, and notice the ID from the address bar
打开另一程序
Intent i = new Intent();
ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("com.drip.android2",
"com.drip.android2.AndroidSearch");
i.setComponent(cn);
i.setAction("android.intent.action.MAIN");
startActivityForResult(i, RESULT_OK);
打开联系人列表
<1>
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
i.setType("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone");
startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_TEXT);
<2>
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://contacts/people");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, uri);
startActivityForResult(it, REQUEST_TEXT);
打开录音机
Intent mi = new Intent(Media.RECORD_SOUND_ACTION);
startActivity(mi);
从gallery选取图片
Inten t i = new Intent();
i.setType("image/*");
i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
startActivityForResult(i, 11);
打开照相机
<1>Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CAMERA_BUTTON, null);
this.sendBroadcast(i);
<2>long dateTaken = System.currentTimeMillis();
String name = createName(dateTaken) + ".jpg";
fileName = folder + name;
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(Images.Media.TITLE, fileName);
values.put("_data", fileName);
values.put(Images.Media.PICASA_ID, fileName);
values.put(Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);
values.put(Images.Media.DESCRIPTION, fileName);
values.put(Images.ImageColumns.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);
Uri photoUri = getContentResolver().insert(
MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
Intent inttPhoto = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
inttPhoto.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);
startActivityForResult(inttPhoto, 10);
播放多媒体
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3");
it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");
startActivity(it);
或者
Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(it);
或者
Uri playUri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/download/everything.mp3");
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, playUri);
发送Email
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:[email protected]");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
startActivity(it);
或者:
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, address);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, filename);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse("file://" + filename)); ;
intent.setType("text/csv");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "EMail File"));
或者:
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "[email protected]");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
it.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
或者:
Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String[] tos={"[email protected]"};
String[] ccs={"[email protected]"};
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.setType("message/rfc822");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
或者:
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
后台发送短信
注册权限
texts = sms.divideMessage(message);
for (String text : texts) {
sms.sendTextMessage(“这里是接收者电话号码”, “这里是发送者电话号码”, “这里是短信内容”, null, null);
}
}
//说明
sms.sendTextMessage(destinationAddress, scAddress, text, sentIntent, deliveryIntent)：
destinationAddress:接收方的手机号码
scAddress:发送方的手机号码
text:信息内容
sentIntent:发送是否成功的回执，
DeliveryIntent:接收是否成功的回执，
从google搜索内容
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY,"searchString")
startActivity(intent); APK 安装
Intent intent =new Intenet();
String filepath="/SDCard/XXX.apk";intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + filepath),"application/vnd.android.package-archive");
starActivity(intent);
Activity之间的传递
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);带参数
详见下一篇文章 两个Activity的数据传递。