oracle12c创建用户，在PDB下创建scott用户，并创建相关表
最近安装oracle12c后，创建用户遇到了一点小麻烦，因为12c引入了CDB与PDB的特性，即数据库容器与可插拔数据库。在CDB下的用户可以称公共用户，在PDB下的用户可以称之为本地用户。
在CDB下创建公共用户
在CDB下创建公共用户的方法和之前创建方法一样，首先在sqlplus下用sys登陆CDB数据库（默认情况下直接登陆的就是CDB数据库），然后创建用户：
语句：create user c##xiaoming identified by 123456;
注意创建公共用户命名必须以c##或C##开头，否则无法创建。
在PDB下创建本地用户
1.首先查看当前容器
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT2.查看CDB下的可插拔数据库
select con_id, dbid, guid, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
CON_ID DBID GUID NAME OPEN_MODE
1 2 3375419182 C7AD1B1D79134B89ADCDB8BE8BEB7E8D PDB$SEED READ ONLY
2 3 2491116357 74BF1082DE55475BAD24842B355D3782 ORCLPDB MOUNTED3.配置tns，在客户端服务端分别加上如下内容（service_name根据自己的插拔数据库命名）
ORCLPDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCLPDB)
)
)4.启动PDB数据库
SQL> alter pluggable database ORCLPDB open;
插接式数据库已变更。SQL> alter session set container=ORCLPDB;
会话已更改。
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
ORCLPDB此时可以看到容器已经改变。
6.再次查看CDB下的可插拔数据库
SQL> select con_id, dbid, guid, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
CON_ID DBID GUID NAME OPEN_MODE
1 2 3375419182 C7AD1B1D79134B89ADCDB8BE8BEB7E8D PDB$SEED READ ONLY
2 3 2491116357 74BF1082DE55475BAD24842B355D3782 ORCLPDB READ WRITE创建soctt用户
此时创建用户就可以像之前一样命名，创建scott用户：
create user scott identified by 123456;GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE TO SCOTT;切换至ORCLPDB数据库
SQL> conn scott@orclpdb/123456
已连接。创建scott下的自带表
CREATE TABLE DEPT
(DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT PK_DEPT PRIMARY KEY,
DNAME VARCHAR2(14) ,
LOC VARCHAR2(13) ) ;
CREATE TABLE EMP
(EMPNO NUMBER(4) CONSTRAINT PK_EMP PRIMARY KEY,
ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
JOB VARCHAR2(9),
MGR NUMBER(4),
HIREDATE DATE,
SAL NUMBER(7,2),
COMM NUMBER(7,2),
DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT FK_DEPTNO REFERENCES DEPT);
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK');
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS');
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(30,'SALES','CHICAGO');
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,to_date('17-12-1980','dd-mm-yyyy'),800,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('20-2-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1600,300,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('22-2-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1250,500,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,to_date('2-4-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2975,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('28-9-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1250,1400,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,to_date('1-5-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2850,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,to_date('9-6-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2450,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,to_date('13-7-87','dd-mm-rr')-85,3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,to_date('17-11-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),5000,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('8-9-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1500,0,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,to_date('13-7-87', 'dd-mm-rr')-51,1100,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,to_date('3-12-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),950,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,to_date('3-12-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,to_date('23-1-1982','dd-mm-yyyy'),1300,NULL,10);
CREATE TABLE BONUS
(
ENAME VARCHAR2(10) ,
JOB VARCHAR2(9) ,
SAL NUMBER,
COMM NUMBER
) ;
CREATE TABLE SALGRADE
( GRADE NUMBER,
LOSAL NUMBER,
HISAL NUMBER );
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999);
COMMIT;至此，结束
附：
--在容器间切换
alter session set container=ORCLPDB;
alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;
STARTUP
--关闭PDB 数据库
alter pluggable database ORCLPDB close;