Android的广播Receiver动态注册和静态注册

广播接收器注册一共有两种形式 : 静态注册和动态注册.

两者及其接收广播的区别:

1.动态注册的广播 永远要快于 静态注册的广播,不管静态注册的优先级设置的多高,不管动态注册的优先级有多低>\

2.动态注册广播不是 常驻型广播 ,也就是说广播跟随activity的生命周期。注意: 在activity结束前,移除广播接收器。

静态注册是常驻型 ,也就是说当应用程序关闭后,如果有信息广播来,程序也会被系统调用自动运行。

3.在同一个优先级下,谁先启动的快,谁将先接收到广播.

下面这个Demo,界面如下,注册两个动态接收器(接收自定义广播和系统广播)和注册静态广播(接收自定义静态和广播、手机USB的插拔事件、接收短信并读取短信息)

Android的广播Receiver动态注册和静态注册_第1张图片


工程目录如下:注意看代码中的注释

Android的广播Receiver动态注册和静态注册_第2张图片

xml布局文件(activity_main.xml)




    

Manifest.xml如下,这里面定义的权限信息和注册的广播




    
    
    

    
        
            
                

                
            
        

        
        
            
                
            
        

        
        
            
                
                
                
        
        


    




MainActivity.java

package com.nii.receiver;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.nii.receiver.type.RequestPermissionType;
import com.nii.receiver.util.PermissionUtil;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{

    /**
     * 发送静态广播按钮
     */
    private Button sendStaticBtn;

    /**
     * 发送动态广播按钮
     */
    private Button sendDynamicBtn;

    /**
     * 发送系统广播按钮
     */
    private Button sendSystemBtn;

    /**
     * 静态action
     */
    private static final String STATICACTION = "com.byread.static";

    /**
     * 动态action
     */
    private static final String DYNAMICACTION = "com.byread.dynamic";

    /**
     * USB设备连接
     */
    private static final String SYSTEMACTION = Intent.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED;

    private Context mContext;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        this.mContext = this;

        sendStaticBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_static);
        sendDynamicBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_dynamic);
        sendSystemBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_system);
        sendStaticBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
        sendDynamicBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
        sendSystemBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());

        //申请读取短信的权限
        PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
                RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS);

        PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,
                RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS);
    }
    class MyOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener
    {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v)
        {
            // 发送自定义静态注册广播消息
            if (v.getId() == R.id.send_static)
            {
                Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义静态注册广播消息");
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(STATICACTION);
                intent.putExtra("msg", "接收静态注册广播成功!");
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
            // 发送自定义动态注册广播消息
            else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_dynamic)
            {
                Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义动态注册广播消息");
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(DYNAMICACTION);
                intent.putExtra("msg", "接收动态注册广播成功!");
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
            // 发送系统动态注册广播消息。当手机连接充电设备时会由系统自己发送广播消息。
            else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_system)
            {
                Log.e("MainActivity", "发送系统动态注册广播消息");
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(SYSTEMACTION);
                intent.putExtra("msg", "正在充电。。。。");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart()
    {
        super.onStart();
        Log.e("MainActivity", "注册广播事件");

        // 注册自定义动态广播消息
        IntentFilter filter_dynamic = new IntentFilter();
        filter_dynamic.addAction(DYNAMICACTION);
        registerReceiver(dynamicReceiver, filter_dynamic);

        // 注册系统动态广播消息
        IntentFilter filter_system = new IntentFilter();
        filter_system.addAction(SYSTEMACTION);
        registerReceiver(systemReceiver, filter_system);
    }

    private BroadcastReceiver dynamicReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()
    {

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            Log.e("MainActivity", "接收自定义动态注册广播消息");
            if (intent.getAction().equals(DYNAMICACTION))
            {
                String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
                Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    };

    private BroadcastReceiver systemReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()
    {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            Log.e("MainActivity", "接收系统动态注册广播消息");
            if (intent.getAction().equals(SYSTEMACTION))
            {
                String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
                Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    };
}
StaticReceiver.java

package com.nii.receiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public class StaticReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{

    /**
     * 接收广播
     * @param context context
     * @param intent intent
     */
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {
        String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
        Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}
SystemReceiver.java这里面处理一些系统的事件

package com.nii.receiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
import android.text.format.DateFormat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.nii.receiver.util.DialogUtil;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public class SystemReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{

    /**
     * 接收系统静态广播
     *
     * @param context context
     * @param intent  intent
     */
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {
        if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_LOW))
        {
            Log.e("SystemReceiver", "电量低提示");
            Toast.makeText(context, "您的手机电量偏低,请及时充电", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        else if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))
        {
            if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))
            {
                Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
                if (bundle != null)
                {//如果数据不为空
                    //获得收到的短信数据
                    Object[] objArray = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                    //根据objArray的大小创建一个SmsMessage数组,用于封装短信内容
                    SmsMessage[] smsMessage = new SmsMessage[objArray.length];
                    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
                    sb.append("时间:" + new DateFormat().format("yyyy - MM - dd hh.mm.ss", new Date()));

                    //遍历smsMessage数组取出所有短信
                    for (int i = 0; i < smsMessage.length; i++)
                    {
                        //将每条字节类型的短信数据转换成SmsMessage对象
                        smsMessage[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) objArray[i]);
                        //获取短信发送地址
                        sb.append("发送者:" + smsMessage[i].getOriginatingAddress());
                        //获取短信内容
                        sb.append("短信内容:" + smsMessage[i].getDisplayMessageBody() + "\n");
                    }

                    DialogUtil.showPrompt(context,sb.toString());
                    Toast.makeText(context, sb.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            }
        }
        else if(intent.getAction().equals("android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE"))
        {
            if (intent.getExtras().getBoolean("connected"))
            {
                Toast.makeText(context, "USB插入", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            else
            {
                Toast.makeText(context, "USB拔出", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }
    }
}
RequestPermissionType.java是权限请求的时候,Qequest Code(请求码)

package com.nii.receiver.type;

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public interface RequestPermissionType
{
    /**
     * 请求打电话的权限码
     */
    int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_CALL_PHONE = 100;

    /**
     * 请求接收短信息
     */
    int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS = 101;

    /**
     * 请求读短信
     */
    int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS = 102;
}

DialogUtil.java是界面弹窗工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.view.WindowManager;

/**
 * 对话框工具箱
 *
 * @author xiaopan
 */
public class DialogUtil
{
    /**
     * 显示一个对话框
     *
     * @param context                    上下文对象,最好给Activity,否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
     * @param title                      标题
     * @param message                    消息
     * @param confirmButton              确认按钮
     * @param confirmButtonClickListener 确认按钮点击监听器
     * @param centerButton               中间按钮
     * @param centerButtonClickListener  中间按钮点击监听器
     * @param cancelButton               取消按钮
     * @param cancelButtonClickListener  取消按钮点击监听器
     * @param onShowListener             显示监听器
     * @param cancelable                 是否允许通过点击返回按钮或者点击对话框之外的位置关闭对话框
     * @param onCancelListener           取消监听器
     * @param onDismissListener          销毁监听器
     * @return 对话框
     */
    public static AlertDialog showAlert(Context context, String title, String message,
                                        String confirmButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener confirmButtonClickListener,
                                        String centerButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener centerButtonClickListener,
                                        String cancelButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener cancelButtonClickListener,
                                        DialogInterface.OnShowListener onShowListener, boolean cancelable,
                                        DialogInterface.OnCancelListener onCancelListener,
                                        DialogInterface.OnDismissListener onDismissListener)
    {
        AlertDialog.Builder promptBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
        if (title != null)
        {
            promptBuilder.setTitle(title);
        }
        if (message != null)
        {
            promptBuilder.setMessage(message);
        }
        if (confirmButton != null)
        {
            promptBuilder.setPositiveButton(confirmButton, confirmButtonClickListener);
        }
        if (centerButton != null)
        {
            promptBuilder.setNeutralButton(centerButton, centerButtonClickListener);
        }
        if (cancelButton != null)
        {
            promptBuilder.setNegativeButton(cancelButton, cancelButtonClickListener);
        }
        promptBuilder.setCancelable(true);
        if (cancelable)
        {
            promptBuilder.setOnCancelListener(onCancelListener);
        }

        AlertDialog alertDialog = promptBuilder.create();
        if (!(context instanceof Activity))
        {
            alertDialog.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT);
        }
        alertDialog.setOnDismissListener(onDismissListener);
        alertDialog.setOnShowListener(onShowListener);
        alertDialog.show();
        return alertDialog;
    }


    /**
     * 显示一个对话框
     *
     * @param context                    上下文对象,最好给Activity,否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
     * @param title                      标题
     * @param message                    消息
     * @param confirmButtonClickListener 确认按钮点击监听器
     * @param cancelButtonClickListener  取消按钮点击监听器
     * @return 对话框
     */
    public static AlertDialog showConfirm(Context context, String title, String message,
                                        DialogInterface.OnClickListener confirmButtonClickListener,
                                        DialogInterface.OnClickListener cancelButtonClickListener)
    {
        return showAlert(context, title, message, "Yes",
                confirmButtonClickListener, null, null, "No", cancelButtonClickListener, null, true, null, null);
    }


    /**
     * 显示一个提示框
     *
     * @param context       上下文对象,最好给Activity,否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
     * @param message       提示的消息
     * @param confirmButton 确定按钮的名字
     */
    public static AlertDialog showPrompt(Context context, String message, String confirmButton)
    {
        return showAlert(context, null, message, confirmButton, null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null);
    }



    /**
     * 显示一个提示框
     *
     * @param context 上下文对象,最好给Activity,否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
     * @param message 提示的消息
     */
    public static AlertDialog showPrompt(Context context, String message)
    {
        return showAlert(context, null, message, "OK", null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null);
    }
}

PermissionUtil.java是权限申请工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public abstract class PermissionUtil
{
    /**
     * 请求权限
     * @param mContext mContext
     * @param permission  permission
     * @param requestCode requestCode
     */
    public static void requestPermission(Context mContext,String permission,int requestCode)
    {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
        {
            return;
        }

        int checkCallPhonePermission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext,permission);

        if (checkCallPhonePermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
        {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) mContext, new String[]{permission},requestCode);
        }
    }
}








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