android 自动化测试之uiautomator 三步曲
前提：需要root权限的手机才能实现apk打包后自动化测试第三方，如果不需要打包运行的话则不需要root权限，可直接通过android studio 运行ExampleInstrumentedTest类直接在手机上跑，第一步：
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
TextView runBtn = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.runBtn);
runBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
try {
new Openweixin().start();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
class Openweixinextends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
//class后的参数是包名+类名
ShellUtils.execCommand("adb shell am instrument -w -r -e debug false -e class 'com.juchiwang.app.xx.ExampleInstrumentedTest' com.juchiwang.app.xx.test/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner",true);
}
}
/**
* 运行uiautomator是个费时的操作，不应该放在主线程，因此另起一个线程运行
*/
class UiautomatorThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
String command=generateCommand("com.juchiwang.app.xx", "ExampleInstrumentedTest", "useAppContext");
CMDUtils.CMD_Result rs= CMDUtils.runCMD(command,true,true);
Log.e(TAG, "run: " + rs.error + "-------" + rs.success);
}
/**
* 生成命令
* @param pkgName 包名
* @param clsName 类名
* @param mtdName 方法名
* @return
*/
public String generateCommand(String pkgName, String clsName, String mtdName) {
String command = "am instrument --user 0 -w -r -e debug false -e class "
+ pkgName + "." + clsName + "#" + mtdName + " "
+ pkgName + ".test/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner";
Log.e("test1: ", command);
return command;
}
}
}
第二步：
public class ShellUtils {
public static final String COMMAND_SU = "su";
public static final String COMMAND_SH = "sh";
public static final String COMMAND_EXIT = "exit\n";
public static final String COMMAND_LINE_END = "\n";
private ShellUtils() {
throw new AssertionError();
}
/**
* check whether has root permission
*
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkRootPermission() {
return execCommand("echo root", true, false).result == 0;
}
/**
* execute shell command, default return result msg
*
* @param command command
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell commands, default return result msg
*
* @param commands command list
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(List commands, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell commands, default return result msg
*
* @param commands command array
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(commands, isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell command
*
* @param command command
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
}
/**
* execute shell commands
*
* @param commands command list
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(List commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
}
/**
* execute shell commands
*
* @param commands command array
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* - if isNeedResultMsg is false, {@link CommandResult#successMsg} is null and
* {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} is null.
* - if {@link CommandResult#result} is -1, there maybe some excepiton.
*
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
int result = -1;
if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) {
return new CommandResult(result, null, null);
}
Process process = null;
BufferedReader successResult = null;
BufferedReader errorResult = null;
StringBuilder successMsg = null;
StringBuilder errorMsg = null;
DataOutputStream os = null;
try {
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRoot ? COMMAND_SU : COMMAND_SH);
os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
for (String command : commands) {
if (command == null) {
continue;
}
// donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset error
os.write(command.getBytes());
os.writeBytes(COMMAND_LINE_END);
os.flush();
}
os.writeBytes(COMMAND_EXIT);
os.flush();
result = process.waitFor();
// get command result
if (isNeedResultMsg) {
successMsg = new StringBuilder();
errorMsg = new StringBuilder();
successResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
errorResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
String s;
while ((s = successResult.readLine()) != null) {
successMsg.append(s);
}
while ((s = errorResult.readLine()) != null) {
errorMsg.append(s);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
if (successResult != null) {
successResult.close();
}
if (errorResult != null) {
errorResult.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (process != null) {
process.destroy();
}
}
return new CommandResult(result, successMsg == null ? null : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? null
: errorMsg.toString());
}
/**
* result of command
*
* - {@link CommandResult#result} means result of command, 0 means normal, else means error, same to excute in
* linux shell
* - {@link CommandResult#successMsg} means success message of command result
* - {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} means error message of command result
*
*
* @author Trinea 2013-5-16
*/
public static class CommandResult {
/** result of command **/
public int result;
/** success message of command result **/
public String successMsg;
/** error message of command result **/
public String errorMsg;
public CommandResult(int result) {
this.result = result;
}
public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg) {
this.result = result;
this.successMsg = successMsg;
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
}
} 第三步：
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class ExampleInstrumentedTest {
private UiDevice mDevice;
@Test
public void useAppContext() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {
mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
mDevice.pressHome();
UiObject x = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text("微信"));
x.click();
UiObject clock = new UiObject(new UiSelector().resourceId("com.tencent.mm:id/r_"));
clock.click();
}
}