面向初学者的Docker快速入门指南
Docker快速入门
1.1 安装docker(Linux)
yum源：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo为了速度可以替换文件中的url。
:%s/download.docker.com/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/docker-ce/g
Docker version 19.03.12, build 48a66213fe
dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
dnf list docker-ce
dnf install docker-ce --nobest -y
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
docker -v
1.2 Docker指令
info 系统信息
[root@myserver ~]# docker info
Client:
Debug Mode: false
Server:
Containers: 0
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 18.09.1
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
version 查看docker版本信息
[root@myserver ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 19.03.12
API version: 1.39
Go version: go1.13.10
Git commit: 48a66213fe
Built: Mon Jun 22 15:46:54 2020
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 18.09.1
API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.10.6
Git commit: 4c52b90
Built: Wed Jan 9 19:06:30 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
容器的生命周期
search 查找镜像
docker search hello-world
pull 下载镜像(docker hub)
[root@myserver ~]# docker pull hello-world
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d58e752213a51785838f9eed2b7a498ffa1cb3aa7f946dda11af39286c3db9a9
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
docker.io/library/hello-world:latest
images 查看本地的镜像
[root@myserver ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
run 运行容器
-i : 交互模式
-t：分配一个终端
-d：后台运行
--name：指定容器的名称
-p: 端口绑定
docker run [options] IMAGE
docker run hello-world
docker run --name mywebserver -it nginx
[root@myserver ~]# docker run --name mywebserver -itd nginx
8d485b358cc693c1e2b2d9b5c1d1a8092265d79bdcf1ee54d3d2f615f4f22064
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 80/tcp mywebserver
ps 插件容器进程（ -a 所有的，正在运行、已经停止的）
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
01bdedde3725 hello-world "/hello" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago hopeful_mendel
rm 删除容器 （-f 强制）
## 指定容器的名称
[root@myserver ~]# docker rm mywebserver
mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
01bdedde3725 hello-world "/hello" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 9 minutes ago hopeful_mendel
## 指定容器的ID删除
[root@myserver ~]# docker rm 01bdedde3725
01bdedde3725
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@myserver ~]#
start/restart/stop/ 容器控制
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes 80/tcp mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker stop mywebserver
mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@myserver ~]# docker start mywebserver
mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 21 minutes ago Up 3 seconds 80/tcp mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker restart mywebserver
mywebserver
stats 显示容器使用的资源（CPU）
docker stats mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker stats mywebserver
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
8d485b358cc6 mywebserver 0.00% 2.309MiB / 3.664GiB 0.06% 3.44kB / 0B 0B / 0B 2
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PID
logs 查看容器日志（-f 动态更新）
[root@myserver ~]# docker logs -f mywebserver
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: IPv6 listen already enabled, exiting
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: IPv6 listen already enabled, exiting
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
pause/unpause 暂停保存容器的状态
[root@myserver ~]# docker pause mywebserver
mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 27 minutes ago Up 5 minutes (Paused) 80/tcp mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker unpause mywebserver
mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 27 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 80/tcp mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]#
rename 重命名
docker rename CONTAINER NEW_NAME
[root@myserver ~]# docker rename mywebserver webserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 29 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 80/tcp webserver
inspect 显示容器的详细属性信息
[root@myserver ~]# docker inspect webserver
[
{
"Id": "8d485b358cc693c1e2b2d9b5c1d1a8092265d79bdcf1ee54d3d2f615f4f22064",
"Created": "2020-07-09T01:55:08.20199984Z",
"Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
"Args": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 6429,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2020-07-09T02:16:41.996582526Z",
"FinishedAt": "2020-07-09T02:16:40.968627884Z"
},
kill 关闭容器进程
[root@myserver ~]# docker kill webserver
webserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8d485b358cc6 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 33 minutes ago Exited (137) 7 seconds ago webserver
[root@myserver ~]#
top 查看容器进程
[root@myserver ~]# docker top webserver
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 7153 7136 0 22:30 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
101 7211 7153 0 22:30 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
[root@myserver ~]# docker top webserver 7153
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
7153 pts/0 Ss+ 0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
[root@myserver ~]#
exec 进入容器执行命令attach
[root@myserver ~]# docker exec -it webserver bash
root@8d485b358cc6:/# ls
curl 访问服务器nginx 成功
port 显示容器端口绑定信息
[root@myserver ~]# docker port webserver
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8000
cp 文件复制
[root@myserver ~]# docker cp /etc/hosts webserver:/tmp
[root@myserver ~]# docker exec -it webserver ls /tmp
hosts
[root@myserver ~]# docker cp webserver:/tmp/hosts ./
[root@myserver ~]# ls hosts
hosts
diff 容器文件系统发生的变化
[root@myserver ~]# docker diff webserver
C /etc
C /etc/nginx
C /etc/nginx/conf.d
C /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
C /run
A /run/nginx.pid
C /tmp
A /tmp/hosts
C /var
C /var/cache
C /var/cache/nginx
A /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp
A /var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp
A /var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp
A /var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp
A /var/cache/nginx/client_temp
export 导出容器文件系统到本地归档
[root@myserver ~]# docker export -o test.tar webserver
[root@myserver ~]# mkdir docker
[root@myserver ~]# mv test.tar docker/
[root@myserver ~]# cd docker/
[root@myserver docker]# ls
test.tar
[root@myserver docker]# tar xf test.tar
l[root@myserver docker]# ls
bin dev docker-entrypoint.sh home lib64 mnt proc run srv test.tar usr
boot docker-entrypoint.d etc lib media opt root sbin sys tmp var
[root@myserver docker]# cd tmp/
[root@myserver tmp]# ls
hosts
import 导入压缩文件到镜像
[root@myserver docker]# ls
bin dev docker-entrypoint.sh etc lib media opt root sbin sys tmp var
boot docker-entrypoint.d Dockerfile home lib64 mnt proc run srv test.tar usr
[root@myserver docker]# docker import test.tar webserver:v2
sha256:5aa7a154ce2f07e8dc94d331d8809ea40ea5fab4ffa8935e2092771f863e3c0f
[root@myserver docker]# docker history webserver:v2
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
5aa7a154ce2f 15 seconds ago 130MB Imported from -
[root@myserver docker]#
镜像操作
history 查看镜像的更新历史
[root@myserver ~]# docker history nginx
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["nginx" "-g" "daemon… 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) STOPSIGNAL SIGTERM 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT ["/docker-entr… 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:cc7d4f1d03426ebd… 1.04kB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:b96f664d94ca7bbe… 1.96kB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:d68fadb480cbc781… 1.09kB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c set -x && addgroup --system -… 62.9MB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV PKG_RELEASE=1~buster 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NJS_VERSION=0.4.1 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.19.0 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL maintainer=NGINX Do… 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["bash"] 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:4d35f6c8bbbe6801c… 69.2MB
login /logout Docker registry
[root@myserver ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: devopsvip
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
[root@myserver ~]#
[root@myserver ~]# docker logout
Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/
search 查找镜像
docker search hello-world
pull 下载镜像(docker hub)
[root@myserver ~]# docker pull hello-world
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d58e752213a51785838f9eed2b7a498ffa1cb3aa7f946dda11af39286c3db9a9
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
docker.io/library/hello-world:latest
images 查看本地的镜像
[root@myserver ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
tag重命名
[root@myserver ~]# docker tag hello-world:latest devopsvip/docker:latest
[root@myserver ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago 132MB
centos 7 b5b4d78bc90c 2 months ago 203MB
devopsvip/docker latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
push 上传镜像到镜像仓库
[root@myserver ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago 132MB
centos 7 b5b4d78bc90c 2 months ago 203MB
devopsvip/docker latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
[root@myserver ~]# docker push devopsvip/docker:latest
The push refers to repository [docker.io/devopsvip/docker]
9c27e219663c: Preparing
denied: requested access to the resource is denied
[root@myserver ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: devopsvip
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
[root@myserver ~]# docker push devopsvip/docker:latest
The push refers to repository [docker.io/devopsvip/docker]
9c27e219663c: Mounted from library/hello-world
latest: digest: sha256:90659bf80b44ce6be8234e6ff90a1ac34acbeb826903b02cfa0da11c82cbc042 size: 525
rmi 删除镜像
[root@myserver ~]# docker rmi devopsvip/docker:latest
Untagged: devopsvip/docker:latest
Untagged: devopsvip/docker@sha256:90659bf80b44ce6be8234e6ff90a1ac34acbeb826903b02cfa0da11c82cbc042
[root@myserver ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago 132MB
centos 7 b5b4d78bc90c 2 months ago 203MB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
[root@myserver ~]#
commit 将容器变化为镜像
[root@myserver ~]# docker commit -a "devopsvipxx" -m "hhahh" webserver webserver:v1
sha256:d315f2bb406067262798358e85aaef06f2d99dfc1adbc8380dd9cc5d0f809e76
[root@myserver ~]# docker history webserver:v1
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
d315f2bb4060 2 seconds ago nginx -g daemon off; 1.39kB hhahh
2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["nginx" "-g" "daemon… 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) STOPSIGNAL SIGTERM 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT ["/docker-entr… 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:cc7d4f1d03426ebd… 1.04kB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:b96f664d94ca7bbe… 1.96kB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:d68fadb480cbc781… 1.09kB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c set -x && addgroup --system -… 62.9MB
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV PKG_RELEASE=1~buster 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NJS_VERSION=0.4.1 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.19.0 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL maintainer=NGINX Do… 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["bash"] 0B
4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:4d35f6c8bbbe6801c… 69.2MB
build 构建镜像
Dockerfile
FROM nginx
docker build .
docker build -f aa/Dockerfile .
[root@myserver docker]# docker build .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 269.2MB
Step 1/1 : FROM webserver:v1
---> d315f2bb4060
Successfully built d315f2bb4060
[root@myserver docker
[root@myserver docker]# docker build -t webserver:v2 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 269.2MB
Step 1/1 : FROM webserver:v1
---> d315f2bb4060
Successfully built d315f2bb4060
Successfully tagged webserver:v2
load 通过归档文件加载镜像 save 将镜像制作归档文件
[root@myserver docker]# docker save -o webserver-v2.tar webserver:v2
[root@myserver docker]# docker rmi webserver:v2
Untagged: webserver:v2
Deleted: sha256:5aa7a154ce2f07e8dc94d331d8809ea40ea5fab4ffa8935e2092771f863e3c0f
Deleted: sha256:eef9ee7ccbdfd908b67057aa17a6d7292bbc0e7cb04a57896d25ce24a6e115b7
[root@myserver docker]# docker load -i webserver-v2.tar
eef9ee7ccbdf: Loading layer 134.6MB/134.6MB
Loaded image: webserver:v2
[root@myserver docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
webserver v2 5aa7a154ce2f 18 hours ago 130MB
webserver v1 d315f2bb4060 18 hours ago 132MB
46a71bf11111 18 hours ago 132MB
5ab53db1229d 18 hours ago 132MB
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago 132MB
centos 7 b5b4d78bc90c 2 months ago 203MB
devopsvip/docker latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 6 months ago 13.3kB
[root@myserver docker]#
create 创建一个容器
[root@myserver docker]# docker create --name webnewserver nginx
bbc81d2c72831167da41a6ccda4e06e6efe51eba81cf6daace0f49e5815e88db
[root@myserver docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@myserver docker]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
bbc81d2c7283 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 17 seconds ago Created webnewserver
d2813b963195 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 19 hours ago Created youthful_ramanujan
4fe81888bdd1 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 24 hours ago Exited (255) 11 minutes ago 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp webserver
[root@myserver docker]# docker start webnewserver
webnewserver
[root@myserver docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
bbc81d2c7283 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 41 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 80/tcp webnewserver
[root@myserver docker]#
update 更新容器的配置
[root@myserver docker]# docker update --memory 1G --memory-swap 1G webaserver
[root@myserver docker]# docker stats webaserver
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
bd8375d39858 webaserver 0.00% 2.445MiB / 1GiB 0.24% 3.69kB / 0B
前端项目容器化
1.1 手动部署前端项目
npm 安装， 直接输入npm指令，centos8 中会提示你安装。也可以手动安装nodejs环境。
git clone https://github.com/dockersamples/node-bulletin-board
cd node-bulletin-board/bulletin-board-app
npm install
[root@myserver bulletin-board-app]# npm install
> [email protected] postinstall /root/newdocker/node-bulletin-board/bulletin-board-app/node_modules/ejs
> node ./postinstall.js
Thank you for installing EJS: built with the Jake JavaScript build tool (https://jakejs.com/)
npm notice created a lockfile as package-lock.json. You should commit this file.
npm WARN [email protected] No repository field.
npm WARN The package morgan is included as both a dev and production dependency.
added 91 packages from 168 contributors and audited 92 packages in 10.751s
found 0 vulnerabilities
[root@myserver bulletin-board-app]# npm start
> [email protected] start /root/newdocker/node-bulletin-board/bulletin-board-app
> node server.js
Magic happens on port 8080...
访问：http://192.168.1.105:8080/#
1.2 使用docker完成
编写dockerfile
FROM node:current-slim ## 基础镜像
WORKDIR /usr/src/app ## 指定工作目录
COPY package.json . ## 复制package.json
RUN npm install ## 进行安装
EXPOSE 8080 ## 端口
CMD [ "npm", "start" ] ## 运行npm start
COPY . . ## 复制当前目录内容
构建生成镜像
docker build -t bulletinboard:1.0 .
docker build --tag bulletinboard:1.0 .
创建容器
[root@myserver bulletin-board-app]# docker run -itd --name bb -p 8000:8080 bulletinboard:1.0
a0316d74ef5d943414a065ac147427c00c67cf393dd582ba967e1ffb016f1faa
[root@myserver bulletin-board-app]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a0316d74ef5d bulletinboard:1.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 0.0.0.0:8000->8080/tcp bb
####
-p: --publish
-d: --detach
访问8000端口
删除容器
docker stop bb
docker rm bb
docker rmi bulletinboard:1.0
docker rm --force bb
docker rmi bulletinboard:1.0
1.3 上传镜像仓库
登录docker hub 创建一个仓库 命名为 bulletinboard.
[root@myserver bulletin-board-app]# docker tag bulletinboard:1.0 devopsvip/bulletinboard:1.0
[root@myserver bulletin-board-app]# docker push devopsvip/bulletinboard:1.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/devopsvip/bulletinboard]
ec3c84f0ff74: Pushed
8783c0df2a9c: Pushed
d3e283a0a9a4: Pushed
0e25f1fd8714: Mounted from library/node
203a5e3508e7: Mounted from library/node
c7e05f78fd37: Mounted from library/node
90a1d8ebd7b4: Mounted from library/node
333e2cb4c707: Mounted from library/node
1.0: digest: sha256:420b025a1db705a1709783d028cd5a71825c47c969b5dab8c284a8afd18f2833 size: 1992FAQ
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?
Got permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker daemon socket at unix:///var/run/docker.sock: Get http://%2Fvar%2Frun%2Fdocker.sock/v1.40/images/json: dial unix /var/run/docker.sock: connect: permission denied
## 解决方法
[usera@myserver ~]$ ll /var/run/docker.sock
srw-rw---- 1 root docker 0 Jul 8 21:26 /var/run/docker.sock
[usera@myserver ~]$ exit
logout
[root@myserver ~]# usermod -g docker usera
[root@myserver ~]# id usera
uid=1013(usera) gid=965(docker) 组=965(docker)
[root@myserver ~]# su - usera
[usera@myserver ~]$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker: Error response from daemon: Conflict. The container name "/mywebserver" is already in use by container "768c4b899b6736dbef696908873a3db502c252f7d8a3c65d901af72e1bdc17dd". You have to remove (or rename) that container to be able to reuse that name.
See 'docker run --help'.
解决方法
1. 更改名称 docker run --name mywebserver01 -it nginx
2. 删除容器
[root@myserver ~]# docker rm mywebserver
mywebserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
01bdedde3725 hello-world "/hello" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 9 minutes ago hopeful_mendel
[root@myserver ~]# dcoker rm 01bdedde3725
bash: dcoker: 未找到命令...
相似命令是： 'docker'
[root@myserver ~]# docker rm 01bdedde3725
01bdedde3725
[root@myserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@myserver ~]#
Error response from daemon: Container 8d485b358cc693c1e2b2d9b5c1d1a8092265d79bdcf1ee54d3d2f615f4f22064 is not running
解决方法： 容器未运行需要重新启动
如何能够外部访问nginx？-p 端口绑定 宿主机端口:容器服务端口
[root@myserver ~]# docker stop webserver
webserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker rm webserver
webserver
[root@myserver ~]# docker run --name webserver -p 8000:80 -itd nginx
4fe81888bdd163ae149fa4c60ddb41c4727d6120ee7203fa2933601df9ab1733
[root@myserver ~]# docker port webserver
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8000
[root@myserver ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:8000
Welcome to nginx!
Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to
nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at
nginx.com.
Thank you for using nginx.
如何注册docker hub账号, devopsvip / passxxxxxx
这里选择免费版本
邮件激活
无法上传docker镜像
denied: requested access to the resource is denied
## 解决方法
docker login
无法下载镜像
Error response from daemon: pull access denied for devopsvip/docker, repository does not exist or may require 'docker login'
## 解决方法
docker login
如何将本机的镜像复制到远程的机器？
本机：192.168.1.199
[root@myserver docker]# docker save -o webserver-v2.tar webserver:v2
[root@myserver docker]# ls
bin docker-entrypoint.d etc lib64 opt run sys usr
boot docker-entrypoint.sh home media proc sbin test.tar var
dev Dockerfile lib mnt root srv tmp webserver-v2.tar
[root@myserver docker]# scp webserver-v2.tar [email protected]:/tmp/
远程机器：192.168.1.200
[root@zeyang-nuc-service tmp]# docker load -i webserver-v2.tar
eef9ee7ccbdf: Loading layer 134.6MB/134.6MB
Loaded image: webserver:v2
[root@zeyang-nuc-service tmp]# docker images | grep webserver
webserver v2 5aa7a154ce2f 18 hours ago 130MB
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