【Netty4.x】Unity客户端与Netty服务器的网络通信(一)
一、我的开发环境
- eclipse-jee-indigo-SR2-win32-x86_64
- JDK1.7
- windows-64
- netty-all-4.1.1.Final-sources 下载地址：http://netty.io/ ，从【Downloads】选择下载netty-all-4.1.1.Final-sources。
- 创建一个java工程，选中项目右键Properties->Java Build Path->Add External JARS->将netty-all-4.1.1.Final.jar包导入到项目中
二 、Netty服务器端开发
2.1代码示例
1 创建服务启动类HttpServer，既然作为服务器它肯定和tomcat服务器一样有个开关来开启/关闭服务器，可以在类中看到有个main函数。对的，它的启动方式就是右键->Run As->Java Applicationpackage com.lll.game;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
public class HttpServer {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HttpServer.class);
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
log.info("服务已启动...");
server.start(8844);
}
public void start(int port) throws Exception {
//配置服务端的NIO线程组
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
}
}).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128) //最大客户端连接数为128
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
//绑定端口，同步等待成功
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
//等待服务端监听端口关闭
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} finally {
//优雅退出，释放线程池资源
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
} package com.lll.game;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
public class ServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
super.handlerAdded(ctx);
System.out.println(ctx.channel().id()+"进来了");
}
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
super.handlerRemoved(ctx);
System.out.println(ctx.channel().id()+"离开了");
}
}
提示：本书作者使用的是netty是用的5.0，我在官方下载的时候只找到4.x包(据说5.0好像已经被官方废弃了)。2个版本相比较,不同版本ChannelHandler申明的方法不一样!!
2.2 Netty5.x与4.x代码上的差异
在4.x中，ChannelHandlerAdapter里的channelRead方法在ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter抽象类中，同5.X一样ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter也是基于ChannelHandler接口。这样用户可以方便地进行业务逻辑定制，例如：打印日志、统一封装异常信息、性能统计和消息编码解码等。ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter的UML图如下：
2.3 4.x ServerHandler类
package com.game.lll.net;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
public class ServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter{
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ServerHandler.class);
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
super.handlerAdded(ctx);
System.out.println(ctx.channel().id()+"进来了");
}
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
super.handlerRemoved(ctx);
System.out.println(ctx.channel().id()+"离开了");
}
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
throws Exception {
ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf)msg;
byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
buf.readBytes(req);
String body = new String(req,"UTF-8");
log.info(req);
String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body)?
new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString():"BAD ORDER";
ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());
ctx.write(resp);
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ctx.flush();
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ctx.close();
}
}2.3.1 channelRead()操作
第30行做类型转换，将msg转换成Netty的ByteBuf对象。通过ByteBuf的readableBytes方法可以获取缓冲区可读的字节数，根据可读的字节数创建byte数组，通过ByteBuf的readBytes方法将缓冲区中的字节数组复制到新建的byte数组中，最后通过new String构造函数获取请求信息。这是对请求消息进行判断，如果是“QUERY TIME ORDER”则创建应答信息，通过ChannelHandlerContext的write方法异步发送应答消息给客户端。
2.3.2 exceptionCaught()操作
第43行，当发生异常时，关闭ChannelHandlerContext，释放和ChannelHandlerContext相关联的句柄等资源。
三 、Unity客户端开发
3.1 代码示例
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class HttpClient : MonoBehaviour
{
private const string IP = "127.0.0.1";
private const int PORT = 8844;
public UILabel userName;
public UILabel password;
private Socket client;
private string msg,ip;
public void start()
{
try {
client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
client.Connect(IP, PORT);
Debug.Log ("连接服务器成功\r\n");
Thread threadReceive = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
threadReceive.IsBackground = true;
threadReceive.Start();
}catch
{
Debug.Log ("连接服务器失败\r\n");
}
}
public void Send()
{
if(client == null)
{
start ();
}
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("userName:"+userName.text+" password"+password.text);
client.Send(buffer);
}
private void ReceiveMsg()
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
int len = 0;
while (true)
{
len = client.Receive(buffer);
//区分是客户端来了，还是消息来了
if (buffer[0] == 1)//客户端
{
ip=Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 1, len - 1);
}else//文本消息
{
msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 1, len-1);
}
}
print (msg);
}
void Update()
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msg))
{
Debug.Log ("服务器说：" + msg + "\r\n");
msg = "";
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip))
{
ip = "";
}
}
void OnApplicationQuit()
{
client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
client.Close();
}
}3.2 控制台
3.2.1 启动服务器端
3.2.2 启动客户端
3.2.3 控制台（服务器）
3.2.4 控制台（客户端）
参考资料
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作者： 小毛驴，一个游戏人
梦想：世界和平
原文地址： http://blog.csdn.net/liulongling
本博客中未标明转载的文章归作者 小毛驴所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。