微信公众号创建自定义菜单(公众号跳转小程序功能)
使用JAVA后端去自定义创建菜单，微信公众号开发文档中提供了API:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1421141013,请大家认真的观看文档的中的信息，
创建菜单中有一些要注意的地方:
1、自定义菜单最多包括3个一级菜单，每个一级菜单最多包含5个二级菜单。
2、一级菜单最多4个汉字，二级菜单最多7个汉字，多出来的部分将会以“...”代替。
3、创建自定义菜单后，菜单的刷新策略是，在用户进入公众号会话页或公众号profile页时，如果发现上一次拉取菜单的请求在5分钟以前，就会拉取一下菜单，如果菜单有更新，就会刷新客户端的菜单。测试时可以尝试取消关注公众账号后再次关注，则可以看到创建后的效果。
这些可以说是创建菜单中的格式或者是规则,下面是菜单的类型，每个类型代表给他创建的菜单中的功能是不一样的，请认真查看文档
创建菜单的接口为: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN ， 注意:发送的请求是POST
代码实例:
HttpUtils.java(发送POST请求)：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
/**
*
User: qrn
*
Date: 14-1-28
*
Version: 1.0
* 描述: http请求的工具类
*/
public class HttpUtils {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtils.class); //日志记录
/**
* httpPost
*
* @param url 路径
* @param jsonParam 参数
* @return JSONObject
*/
public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, String jsonParam) {
return httpPost(url, jsonParam, false);
}
/**
* post请求
*
* @param url url地址
* @param param 参数
* @param noNeedResponse 不需要返回结果
* @return JSONObject
*/
public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, String param, boolean noNeedResponse) {
//post请求返回结果
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
HttpPost method = new HttpPost(url);
try {
if (null != param) {
//解决中文乱码问题
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(param, "utf-8");
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
method.setEntity(entity);
}
HttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(method);
url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
/**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
String str = "";
try {
/**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity());
System.out.println(str);
if (noNeedResponse) {
return null;
}
/**把json字符串转换成json对象**/
jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
return jsonResult;
}
}
创建菜单的方法(SpringMvc)：
/**
* 创建自定义菜单:
*/
@RequestMapping("/getAccount_txt")
@ResponseBody
public void getAccount_txt() {
String access_token = accountsService.Accountaccess_token(); //这里是获取的TOken接口
String url=WeChatTools.create+access_token; //这里是创建菜单的接口和token拼接 https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
System.out.println("发送的url"+url);
String sun="{\r\n" +
" \"button\":[\r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"type\":\"click\",\r\n" +
" \"name\":\"今日歌曲\",\r\n" +
" \"key\":\"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC\"\r\n" +
" },\r\n" +
" {\r\n" +
" \"name\":\"菜单\",\r\n" +
" \"sub_button\":[\r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"type\":\"view\",\r\n" +
" \"name\":\"搜索\",\r\n" +
" \"url\":\"http://www.soso.com/\"\r\n" +
" },\r\n" +
" {\r\n" +
" \"type\":\"miniprogram\",\r\n" +
" \"name\":\"wxa\",\r\n" +
" \"url\":\"http://mp.weixin.qq.com\",\r\n" +
" \"appid\":\"wx286b93c14bbf93aa\",\r\n" +
" \"pagepath\":\"pages/lunar/index\"\r\n" +
" },\r\n" +
" {\r\n" +
" \"type\":\"click\",\r\n" +
" \"name\":\"赞一下我们\",\r\n" +
" \"key\":\"V1001_GOOD\"\r\n" +
" }]\r\n" +
" }]\r\n" +
" }";
JSONObject jsonObjects=JSONObject.fromObject(sun);
HttpUtils.httpPost(url,jsonObjects.toString());
}
这样根据自己所需要的去拼写相应的类型就可以实现了
下面是进行了封装的创建菜单：
Button.java:
/**
* 菜单:
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Button {
/**
* 菜单名称:
*/
private String name;
public Button() {
super();
}
public Button(String name) {
super();
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Button other = (Button) obj;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Button [name=" + name + "]";
}
}
CommonButton.java：
/**
* 二级菜单(CLICK类型)
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class CommonButton extends Button {
/**
* 菜单名称:
*/
private String name;
/**
* 类型
*/
private String type;
/**
* 响应动作类型
*/
private String key;
public CommonButton() {
super();
}
public CommonButton(String name, String type, String key) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.type = type;
this.key = key;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getKey() {
return key;
}
public void setKey(String key) {
this.key = key;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((key == null) ? 0 : key.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((type == null) ? 0 : type.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
CommonButton other = (CommonButton) obj;
if (key == null) {
if (other.key != null)
return false;
} else if (!key.equals(other.key))
return false;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
if (type == null) {
if (other.type != null)
return false;
} else if (!type.equals(other.type))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CommonButton [name=" + name + ", type=" + type + ", key=" + key + "]";
}
}
ComplexButton.java:
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* 一级菜单:
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class ComplexButton extends Button{
/**
* 菜单名称:
*/
private String name;
/**
* 子级菜单:
*/
private Button[] sub_button;
public ComplexButton() {
super();
}
public ComplexButton(String name, Button[] sub_button) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.sub_button = sub_button;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Button[] getSub_button() {
return sub_button;
}
public void setSub_button(Button[] sub_button) {
this.sub_button = sub_button;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
result = prime * result + Arrays.hashCode(sub_button);
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
ComplexButton other = (ComplexButton) obj;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
if (!Arrays.equals(sub_button, other.sub_button))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "ComplexButton [name=" + name + ", sub_button=" + Arrays.toString(sub_button) + "]";
}
}
Menu.java:
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* 表示要创建的菜单
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Menu {
private ComplexButton[] button;
public Menu() {
super();
}
public Menu(ComplexButton[] button) {
super();
this.button = button;
}
public ComplexButton[] getButton() {
return button;
}
public void setButton(ComplexButton[] button) {
this.button = button;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + Arrays.hashCode(button);
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Menu other = (Menu) obj;
if (!Arrays.equals(button, other.button))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Menu [button=" + Arrays.toString(button) + "]";
}
}
ViewButton.java:
/**
* 二级菜单:(view)类型:
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class ViewButton extends Button{
/**
* 菜单名称:
*/
private String name;
/**
* 类型:
*/
private String type;
/**
* 响应的网页:
*/
private String url;
public ViewButton() {
super();
}
public ViewButton(String name, String type, String url) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.type = type;
this.url = url;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((type == null) ? 0 : type.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((url == null) ? 0 : url.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
ViewButton other = (ViewButton) obj;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
if (type == null) {
if (other.type != null)
return false;
} else if (!type.equals(other.type))
return false;
if (url == null) {
if (other.url != null)
return false;
} else if (!url.equals(other.url))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "ViewButton [name=" + name + ", type=" + type + ", url=" + url + "]";
}
}
MiniprogramButton.java:
/**
* 跳转到小程序:
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class MiniprogramButton extends Button{
/**
* 类型:
*/
private String type;
/**
* 名称:
*/
private String name;
/**
* 路径:
*/
private String url;
/**
* 小程序 appid
*/
private String appid;
/**
* 小程序的页面
*/
private String pagepath;
public MiniprogramButton() {
super();
}
public MiniprogramButton(String type, String name, String url, String appid, String pagepath) {
super();
this.type = type;
this.name = name;
this.url = url;
this.appid = appid;
this.pagepath = pagepath;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public String getAppid() {
return appid;
}
public void setAppid(String appid) {
this.appid = appid;
}
public String getPagepath() {
return pagepath;
}
public void setPagepath(String pagepath) {
this.pagepath = pagepath;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((appid == null) ? 0 : appid.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((pagepath == null) ? 0 : pagepath.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((type == null) ? 0 : type.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((url == null) ? 0 : url.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
MiniprogramButton other = (MiniprogramButton) obj;
if (appid == null) {
if (other.appid != null)
return false;
} else if (!appid.equals(other.appid))
return false;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
if (pagepath == null) {
if (other.pagepath != null)
return false;
} else if (!pagepath.equals(other.pagepath))
return false;
if (type == null) {
if (other.type != null)
return false;
} else if (!type.equals(other.type))
return false;
if (url == null) {
if (other.url != null)
return false;
} else if (!url.equals(other.url))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "MiniprogramButton [type=" + type + ", name=" + name + ", url=" + url + ", appid=" + appid
+ ", pagepath=" + pagepath + "]";
}
}
MenuUtil.java:
/**
* 菜单工具类:
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class MenuUtil {
/**
* 封装菜单数据
* @return
*/
public static Menu getMenu() {
//创建view类型的菜单
ViewButton cb_4 = new ViewButton();
cb_4.setType("view");
cb_4.setName("菜单的名称");
cb_4.setUrl("跳转的网页路径");
//创建click类型的菜单
CommonButton cb_2 = new CommonButton();
cb_2.setType("click");
cb_2.setName("菜单的名称");
cb_2.setKey("xxxxxxx");
//创建click类型的菜单
CommonButton cb_3 = new CommonButton();
cb_3.setType("click");
cb_3.setName("菜单的名称");
cb_3.setKey("xxxxxxxxxxxx");
//创建第一个一级菜单
ComplexButton cx_1 = new ComplexButton();
cx_1.setName("一级菜单名称");
cx_1.setSub_button(new Button[]{cb_4,cb_2,cb_3});
//创建第二个一级菜单
ComplexButton cx_2 = new ComplexButton();
cx_2.setName("一级菜单名称");
//创建公众号跳转到小程序的菜单
MiniprogramButton miniprogramButton = new MiniprogramButton();
miniprogramButton.setName("菜单名称");
miniprogramButton.setType("miniprogram");
miniprogramButton.setAppid("要跳转的小程序APPID");
miniprogramButton.setUrl("http://mp.weixin.qq.com");
miniprogramButton.setPagepath("小程序要展示的页面路径");
cx_2.setSub_button(new Button[]{miniprogramButton});
ComplexButton cx_3 = new ComplexButton();
cx_3.setName("菜单名称");
CommonButton commonButton = new CommonButton();
commonButton.setKey("key3");
commonButton.setName("菜单名称");
commonButton.setType("click");
cx_3.setSub_button(new Button[] {commonButton}); //封装菜单数据
Menu menu=new Menu();
menu.setButton(new ComplexButton[]{cx_2,cx_3,cx_1});
return menu;
}
}
/**
* 创建自定义菜单:
*/
@RequestMapping("/getAccount_txt")
@ResponseBody
public void getAccount_txt() {
String access_token = accountsService.Accountaccess_token(); //这里是获取的TOken接口
String url=WeChatTools.create+access_token; //这里是创建菜单的接口和token拼接 https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
System.out.println("发送的url"+url);
Menu menu = MenuUtil.getMenu();
JSONObject jsonObjects=JSONObject.fromObject(menu);
HttpUtils.httpPost(url,jsonObjects.toString());
}
这里就是创建自定义菜单的实例了，这些代码应该是没有问题的，如果有问题可以在下发评论