Java - 在WebService中使用Client调用三方的RestAPI

背景

近期,由于项目的要求需要在自己的webservice中调用远程的WebAPI(Restful format)。自己的webservice程序是用Java编码写的,所以需要在其中实现一个Client来调用远程的Restful接口。

 

选型

其实在自己的项目里面也有类似的调用,当时使用的是“JAXRSClientFactory”获得静态代理client。 由于这种方式需要依赖于远程调用的webservice接口(需要引入别人的jar包)。这就造成了高耦合。因此不适用。

所以需要以一种低耦合的方式来实现。便有了选型的想法。

 

在网上搜索一番后,基本定型为两种方式:

1.HttpClient

2.RestTemplate

 

接下来就分别列出两种方式的实现代码

 

HttpClient

import java.io.IOException;  
import java.text.MessageFormat;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;  
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.slf4j.Logger;  
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;  

public class HttpClientUtil {  

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);  
    private CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    
    public static String executePost(String url, String tdfBase64) throws Exception {  
      
            String result = null;  
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
            
            httpPost.setEntity(new HttpEntity(tdfBase64));
      
            HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);  
            if (response != null) {  
                HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();  
                if (resEntity != null) {  
                    result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "utf-8");  
                }  
            }  
      
            return result;  
        }  
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String url = "http://169.8.160.201:8080/xx/Webservice/Submit";  
        String base64Tdf = "MS4wMToxMzIdMS4wMjowMjAxHTEuMDM6MR8wMR4yHzAwHTEuMDQ6SVJRHTEuMDU6MjAxNjA1MDQdMS4wNjoxHTEuMDc6Q09HRU5UHTEuMDg6VEhBSUxBTkQdMS4wOTpTRVFVRU5DRU5PMTIzNB0xLjExOjE5LjY5HTEuMTI6MTkuNjkcMi4wMDE6MzEdMi4wMDI6MDAdMi4xNzY6MDA3MDA5HA==";
        HttpClientUtil client = new HttpClientUtil();
        String result=client.executePost(url, base64Tdf, "");
        System.out.println(result);
    }

 

 

RestTemplate

package com.biolive.client;




import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestClientException;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

public class RestTemplateClient {    
    
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestTemplateClient.class);
    private static final int connectTimeout= 5000;
    private static final int readTimeOut=5000;
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
    public RestTemplateClient(){
        SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
        requestFactory.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
        requestFactory.setReadTimeout(readTimeOut);
        
        restTemplate = new RestTemplate(requestFactory);
    }
    
    public String executePost(String url, String base64Tdf){
        String result = null;        
       
        HttpEntityrequest = new HttpEntity(base64Tdf);
        try{
            result=restTemplate.postForObject(url, request, String.class);
        }catch(RestClientException ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();  
            log.info("call post interface error: " + ex.getMessage());  
        }    
        
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String url = "http://169.8.160.201:8080/xx/Webservice/Submit";  
        String base64Tdf = "MS4wMToxMzIdMS4wMjowMjAxHTEuMDM6MR8wMR4yHzAwHTEuMDQ6SVJRHTEuMDU6MjAxNjA1MDQdMS4wNjoxHTEuMDc6Q09HRU5UHTEuMDg6VEhBSUxBTkQdMS4wOTpTRVFVRU5DRU5PMTIzNB0xLjExOjE5LjY5HTEuMTI6MTkuNjkcMi4wMDE6MzEdMi4wMDI6MDAdMi4xNzY6MDA3MDA5HA==";
        RestTemplateClient client = new RestTemplateClient();
        String result=client.executePost(url, base64Tdf);
        System.out.println(result);
    }
    
    
}

 

总结

首先,用两种方法都可以在只知道url和方法类型(GET/POST/PUT/UPDATE)的情况下完成任务,调用的方式也非常类似。

RestTemplate是Spring官方封装和推荐的client, 它优化了一些底层操作,使得我们可以更简单的使用。此外,也可以根据自己的需要和Spring进行结合以及配置。

 

附录

RestTemplate的使用

RestTemplate有两个构造方法,分别是:

public RestTemplate() {
          /**
               ...初始化过程
          */
}
 
public RestTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory) { this(); setRequestFactory(requestFactory); } 

其中,第二个构造方法中可以传入ClientHttpRequestFactory参数,第一个进行默认初始化,因为我们经常需要对请求超时进行设置并能够对超时进行后续处理,而第一个构造方法,我们无法控制超时时间,第二个构造中的ClientHttpRequestFactory接口的实现类中存在timeout属性,因此选用第二个构造方法。
在spring配置文件中进行如下配置:


           
        "httpClientFactory" class="org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory">  
            "connectTimeout"  value="${connectTimeout}"/> "readTimeout" value="${readTimeout}"/>   "restTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate"> "httpClientFactory"/>  

当然也可以直接使用:

        SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
        requestFactory.setConnectTimeout(1000);
        requestFactory.setReadTimeout(1000);

        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(requestFactory);

注意:ClientHttpRequestFactory 接口有4个实现类,分别是:

  • AbstractClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper 用来装配其他request factory的抽象类。
  • CommonsClientHttpRequestFactory 允许用户配置带有认证和http连接池的httpclient,已废弃,推荐用HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory。
  • HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory 同2.
  • SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory 接口的一个简单实现,可配置proxy,connectTimeout,readTimeout等参数

参考

http://www.cnblogs.com/softidea/p/5977375.html

http://blog.csdn.net/zpf336/article/details/73480810

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/atuotuo/p/7125098.html

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