Http协议的缺陷:通信只能由客户端发起,服务器无法主动向客户端推送信息
。使用ajax轮询、long poll
浪费资源。
maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocketartifactId>
dependency>
WebSocketConfig
package com.myself.computerThinking.WebScoket;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;
/**
* 开启WebScoket支持
*/
@Configuration
public class WebScoketConfig {
/**
* * 注入对象ServerEndpointExporter,
* * 这个bean会自动注册使用了@ServerEndpoint注解声明的Websocket endpoint
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter(){
return new ServerEndpointExporter();
}
}
WebSocketServer
因为WebSocket是类似客户端服务端的形式(采用ws协议),那么这里的WebSocketServer其实就相当于一个ws协议的Controller
直接@ServerEndpoint("/websocket")@Component启用即可,然后在里面实现@OnOpen,@onClose,@onMessage等方法
package com.myself.computerThinking.WebScoket;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* 使用springboot的唯一区别是要@Component声明下,而使用独立容器是由容器自己管理websocket的,但在springboot中连容器都是spring管理的。
* 虽然@Component默认是单例模式的,但springboot还是会为每个websocket连接初始化一个bean,所以可以用一个静态set保存起来。
*/
@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{sid}")
@Component //此注解千万千万不要忘记,它的主要作用就是将这个监听器纳入到Spring容器中进行管理
public class WebSocketServer {
static Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebSocketServer.class);
//静态变量,用来记录当前在线连接数。应该把它设计成线程安全的。
private static int onlineCount = 0;
//concurrent包的线程安全Set,用来存放每个客户端对应的MyWebSocket对象。
//private static CopyOnWriteArraySet webSocketSet = new CopyOnWriteArraySet();
private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, ArrayList<WebSocketServer>> webSocketServers = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
//与某个客户端的连接会话,需要通过它来给客户端发送数据
private Session session;
//接收sid
private String sid="";
/**
* 建立连接成功的方法
* @param session
* @param sid
*/
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session,@PathParam("sid") String sid) {
this.session = session;
ArrayList<WebSocketServer> list=webSocketServers.get(sid);
if(list==null){
list = new ArrayList<>();
webSocketServers.put(sid,list);
}
list.add(this);
addOnlineCount(); //在线数加1
log.info("有新窗口开始监听:"+sid+",当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount());
this.sid=sid;
try {
sendMessage("连接成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("websocket IO异常");
}
}
/**
* 连接关闭调用的方法
*/
@OnClose
public void onClose() {
if(webSocketServers.get(this.sid)!=null){
webSocketServers.get(this.sid).remove(this);
subOnlineCount(); //在线数减1
log.info("有一连接关闭!当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount());
}
}
/**
* 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
* @param message 客户端发送过来的消息
*
*/
@OnMessage
public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
log.info("收到来自窗口"+sid+"的信息:"+message);
try {
this.sendMessage(message);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@OnError
public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
log.error("发生错误");
error.printStackTrace();
}
/**
* 实现服务器主动推送
*/
public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException {
this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
}
/**
* 群发自定义消息
* */
public static void sendInfo(String message,@PathParam("sid") String sid) throws IOException {
log.info("推送消息到窗口"+sid+",推送内容:"+message);
ArrayList<WebSocketServer> webSocketServerList =webSocketServers.get(sid);
if(webSocketServerList!=null){
for (WebSocketServer webSocketServer:webSocketServerList){
webSocketServer.sendMessage(message);
}
}
}
public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {
return onlineCount;
}
public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {
WebSocketServer.onlineCount++;
}
public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {
WebSocketServer.onlineCount--;
}
}
消息推送
package com.myself.computerThinking.WebScoket;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/checkcenter")
public class WebSocketController {
//页面请求
@GetMapping("/socket/{cid}")
public ModelAndView socket(@PathVariable String cid) {
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView("/webScoket");
mav.addObject("cid", cid);
return mav;
}
//推送数据接口
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/socket/push/{cid}")
public Object pushToWeb(@PathVariable String cid, String message) {
LinkedHashMap result= new LinkedHashMap();
try {
WebSocketServer.sendInfo(message,cid);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result.put("error",cid+"#"+e.getMessage());
result.put("code",500);
return result;
}
result.put("success",cid);
result.put("code",200);
return result;
}
}
页面发起socket请求
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>接受消息title>
head>
<body>
body>
<script th:inline="javascript">
var socket;
var cid=[[${cid}]]
if(typeof(WebSocket) == "undefined") {
console.log("您的浏览器不支持WebSocket");
}else{
console.log("您的浏览器支持WebSocket");
//实现化WebSocket对象,指定要连接的服务器地址与端口 建立连接
socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket/"+cid);
//打开事件
socket.onopen = function() {
console.log("Socket 已打开");
//socket.send("这是来自客户端的消息" + location.href + new Date());
};
//获得消息事件
socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
console.log(msg.data);
//发现消息进入 开始处理前端触发逻辑
};
//关闭事件
socket.onclose = function() {
console.log("Socket已关闭");
};
//发生了错误事件
socket.onerror = function() {
alert("Socket发生了错误");
//此时可以尝试刷新页面
}
//离开页面时,关闭socket
//jquery1.8中已经被废弃,3.0中已经移除
// $(window).unload(function(){
// socket.close();
//});
}
script>
html>
连接地址:
http://localhost:8083/checkcentersys/checkcenter/socket/20