【达内课程】Android中的Notification
文章目录
- 什么是通知
- 一个发送通知的栗子：
- Android 8.0不能弹出通知
- 一个兼容8.0的栗子
- 让通知常驻通知栏
- 如何清除通知
- 如何更新通知界面内容
- 点击通知执行意图
- 如何实现进度条的通知
- 如何自定义通知的UI界面
什么是通知
通知是Android中Service与用户交互的一种方式（主要是Service）
一个发送通知的栗子：
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1001;
private void sendNotification() {
//1、NotificationManager
NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
/** 2、Builder->Notification
* 必要属性有三项
* 小图标，通过 setSmallIcon() 方法设置
* 标题，通过 setContentTitle() 方法设置
* 内容，通过 setContentText() 方法设置*/
Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
builder.setContentInfo("Content info")
.setContentText("Content text")//设置通知内容
.setContentTitle("Content title")//设置通知标题
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher))
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher_round)//不能缺少的一个属性
.setSubText("Subtext")
.setTicker("滚动消息......")
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());//设置通知时间，默认为系统发出通知的时间，通常不用设置
Notification n = builder.build();
//3、manager.notify()
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID,n);
}
运行在API22的手机上效果：
Android 8.0不能弹出通知
运行在API26的手机上怎么样呢…原来根本就不能弹出通知，填坑请戳下文：
Notification Android8.0中无法发送通知，提示：No Channel found for pkg
一个兼容8.0的栗子
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1001;
private void sendNotification() {
//1、NotificationManager
NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
/** 2、Builder->Notification
* 必要属性有三项
* 小图标，通过 setSmallIcon() 方法设置
* 标题，通过 setContentTitle() 方法设置
* 内容，通过 setContentText() 方法设置*/
Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
builder.setContentInfo("Content info")
.setContentText("Content text")//设置通知内容
.setContentTitle("Content title")//设置通知标题
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher))
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher_round)//不能缺少的一个属性
.setSubText("Subtext")
.setTicker("滚动消息......")
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());//设置通知时间，默认为系统发出通知的时间，通常不用设置
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("001","my_channel",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
channel.enableLights(true); //是否在桌面icon右上角展示小红点
channel.setLightColor(Color.GREEN); //小红点颜色
channel.setShowBadge(true); //是否在久按桌面图标时显示此渠道的通知
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
builder.setChannelId("001");
}
Notification n = builder.build();
//3、manager.notify()
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID,n);
}
让通知常驻通知栏
//让通知常驻通知栏
builder.setOngoing(true);
或者
Notification n = builder.build();
n.flags = Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR;
如何清除通知
private void clearNotification() {
//单利的系统服务
NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);
}
如何更新通知界面内容
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID2 = 1002;
private int progress = 0;
private void sendNotification2() {
NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
builder.setContentTitle("音乐下载")
.setContentText("下载进度:"+progress+"%")
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) ;
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("002","download_channel",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
builder.setChannelId("002");
}
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID2,n);
progress+=10;
}
点击通知执行意图
sendNotification2方法修改如下：
Intent intent = new Intent(this,Main2Activity.class);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
//给通知添加点击意图
builder.setContentIntent(pi);
如何实现进度条的通知
private void sendProgressNotification() {
final NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
final Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setContentTitle("进度")
.setContentText("进度...")
.setProgress(100,10,true);
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("003","download_channel",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
builder.setChannelId("003");
}
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID3,n);
//每隔1秒更新进度条进度
//启动工作线程
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//发通知
builder.setProgress(100,i*10,false);
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID3,n);
}
//更新通知内容
manager.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID3);
builder.setProgress(0,0,false);
builder.setContentText("音乐下载完毕");
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID3,n);
}
}.start();
}
如何自定义通知的UI界面
public class NotificationActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID3 = 1003;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID4 = 1004;
Button button;
Button button2;
private MyReceiver receiver;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_notification);
button = findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(this);
button2 = findViewById(R.id.button2);
button2.setOnClickListener(this);
//动态注册广播接收器
receiver = new MyReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("ACTION_BUTTON_PAUSE_CLICKED");
this.registerReceiver(receiver,intentFilter);
}
class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.i("info","接收到了广播"+intent.getAction());
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
this.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.button:
sendProgressNotification();
break;
case R.id.button2:
sendCustomeNotification();
break;
}
}
public void sendCustomeNotification() {
NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
RemoteViews views = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(),R.layout.layout_notification);
//给views中的按钮添加点击意图
Intent intent = new Intent(this,NewsContentActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
views.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btn_pre,pendingIntent);
//给中间按钮添加点击意图
Intent intent1 = new Intent("ACTION_BUTTON_PAUSE_CLICKED");
PendingIntent pendingIntent1 = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,0,intent1,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
views.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btn_pause,pendingIntent1);
builder.setContent(views);
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("004","download_channel",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
builder.setChannelId("004");
}
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID4,n);
}
private void sendProgressNotification() {
final NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
final Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setContentTitle("进度")
.setContentText("进度...")
.setProgress(100,10,true);
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("003","download_channel",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
builder.setChannelId("003");
}
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID3,n);
//每隔1秒更新进度条进度
//启动工作线程
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//发通知
builder.setProgress(100,i*10,false);
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID3,n);
}
//更新通知内容
manager.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID3);
builder.setProgress(0,0,false);
builder.setContentText("音乐下载完毕");
Notification n = builder.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID3,n);
}
}.start();
}
}