爬虫IP池的构建

通过爬取西刺代理的免费ip以及端口号构建一个属于我们自己的ip代理池 具体代码如下：

import requests
from scrapy.selector import Selector
import  MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="127.0.0.1",user="root",passwd="123456",db="article_spider",charset="utf8")
cursor =  conn.cursor()

def crawl_ips():
    #爬取西刺的免费ip代理
    headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3573.0 Safari/537.36"}
    for i in range(3620):
        re = requests.get("https://www.xicidaili.com/nn/{0}".format(i),headers=headers)

        selector = Selector(text=re.text)
        all_trs = selector.css('#ip_list tr')

        ip_list = []
        for tr in all_trs[1:]:
            speed_str = tr.css(".bar::attr(title)").extract()[0]
            if speed_str:
                speed = float(speed_str.split("秒")[0])
            all_text = tr.css("td::text").extract()
            ip = all_text[0]
            port = all_text[1]
            proxy_type = all_text[5]

            ip_list.append((ip,port,proxy_type,speed))

        for ip_info in ip_list:
            cursor.execute(
                "insert proxy_ip(ip,port,speed,proxy_type) VALUES('{0}','{1}','{2}','HTTP')".format
                (
                    ip_info[0],ip_info[1],ip_info[3]
                 )
            )
            conn.commit()

class GetIP(object):
    def delete_ip(self,ip):
        delete_sql ="""
            delete from proxy_ip where ip = '{0}'       
        """ .format(ip)
        cursor.execute(delete_sql)
        conn.commit()
        return True

    def judge_ip(self, ip, port):
        # 判断ip是否可用
        http_url = "http://www.baidu.com"
        proxy_url = "https://{0}:{1}".format(ip, port)
        try:
            proxy_dict = {
                "https": proxy_url,
            }
            response = requests.get(http_url, proxies=proxy_dict)
        except Exception as e:
            print("invalid ip and port")
            self.delete_ip(ip)
            return False
        else:
            code = response.status_code
            if code >= 200 and code < 300:
                print("effective ip")
                return True
            else:
                print("invalid ip and port")
                self.delete_ip(ip)
                return False


    def get_random_ip(self):
        #从数据库中随机获取一个可用的ip
        random_sql = """
            SELECT ip,port FROM proxy_ip
            ORDER BY RAND()
            LIMIT 1
        """
        result =  cursor.execute(random_sql)
        # print(result)
        for ip_info in cursor.fetchall():
            ip = ip_info[0]
            port = ip_info[1]

            judge_re =  self.judge_ip(ip,port)

            if judge_re:
                return "http://{0}:{1}".format(ip, port)
            else:
                return self.get_random_ip()


# crawl_ips()
if __name__ == "__main__":
    get_ip = GetIP()
    get_ip.get_random_ip()