安卓：广播BroadcastReceiver的使用
一。最简单的静态注册广播
1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类（广播的接收者）
2.在清单文件中注册广播：
3.主逻辑代码文件中创建一个Intent，然后发送广播： sendBroadcast(intent);
主逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void send(View v)
{
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyBroad.class);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
主布局文件：
广播接收方：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBroad extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(context, "您有新的消息",0).show();
}
}
清单文件中的
<完>
二。隐式意图实现的发送广播，并给（静态注册的）广播设置优先级
1.创建两个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，用来接收广播
2.清单文件中注册广播，并设置意图和优先级，添加动作：
3.主逻辑代码中创建Intent，设置动作，传送内容,发送广播
4.继承BroadcastReceiver的类中接收广播内容
逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void send(View v)
{
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.putExtra("str","您好");
intent.setAction("com.wsx");
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
主布局文件：
继承 BroadcastReceiver 的类 （里面内容一样，这里只写一个）：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class BoradReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String str=intent.getStringExtra("str");
Toast.makeText(context, "==000=="+str, 0).show();
}
}
清单文件里
<完>
三。动态注册广播
1.创建两个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，用来接收广播
2.主逻辑代码中，得到继承BroadcastReceiver的类的对象： BoradReceiver1 receiver1=new BoradReceiver1();
3.主逻辑代码中onCreate方法里创建意图过滤，设置动作，注册广播：
IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("mars.wsx");
registerReceiver(receiver1, filter);
4.主逻辑代码中，按钮事件里隐式意图发送广播
5.主逻辑代码中onStop方法里可取消广播注册： unregisterReceiver(receiver1);
主逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
BoradReceiver1 receiver1=new BoradReceiver1();
BoradReceiver2 receiver2=new BoradReceiver2();
BoradReceiver3 receiver3=new BoradReceiver3();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//创建意图过滤
IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("mars.wsx");
registerReceiver(receiver1, filter);
registerReceiver(receiver2, filter);
registerReceiver(receiver3, filter);
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
//取消广播注册
unregisterReceiver(receiver1);
unregisterReceiver(receiver2);
unregisterReceiver(receiver3);
}
public void send(View v)
{
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.putExtra("str","您好");
intent.setAction("mars.wsx");
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
布局文件：
继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class BoradReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String str=intent.getStringExtra("str");
Toast.makeText(context, "==000=="+str, 0).show();
}
}
<完>
前3种都是发送普通广播，不能中断：sendBroadcast();
发送有序广播可以中断：sendOrderedBroadcast();
四。发送有序广播及广播截断
1.主逻辑代码文件按钮的监听事件中创建隐式Intent，设置动作，发送有序广播
2.创建3个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，都接收广播，弹出toast
3.在清单文件中注册广播，添加意图并分别设置优先级，1最高，3第二，2最低，设置动作
4.继承BroadcastReceiver的类1中写个通知，当收到广播时弹出通知
5.继承BroadcastReceiver的类3中添加一个中断广播的操作
6.写个Activity用作打开通知的详情页，取消通知
7.清单文件中注册Activity设置动作及动作的描述 隐式意图时广播的注册不需要动作描述，但类不行
主逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void send(View v)
{
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.putExtra("str","像疯了一样");
intent.setAction("hello.wsx");
sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null);
}
}
主布局文件：
第一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat.Builder;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBoradReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String s=intent.getStringExtra("str");
Toast.makeText(context,"==1111：优先级最高=="+s, 0).show();
NotificationCompat.Builder builder=new NotificationCompat.Builder(context);
builder.setContentTitle("来广播了");
builder.setContentText("广播内容："+s);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
builder.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
Intent in=new Intent();
in.setAction("second.com");
PendingIntent pi=PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 1, in, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
builder.setContentIntent(pi);
NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.notify(1,builder.build());
}
}
第二个继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBoradReceiver2 extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String s=intent.getStringExtra("str");
Toast.makeText(context,"==2222：优先级最低=="+s, 0).show();
}
}
第三个继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBoradReceiver3 extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String s=intent.getStringExtra("str");
Toast.makeText(context,"==3333：优先级第二=="+s, 0).show();
//中断广播，据优先级应是，1收到广播后，3收，最后2收，由于3发出了中断操作，即2不会收到广播
abortBroadcast();
}
}
第二个Activity逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.Menu;
public class SecondActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);
NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.cancel(1);
}
}
第二个Activity布局文件：
清单文件中添加：
以下是系统广播：
五。系统广播----拨打电话
安装APP后当拨打电话时弹出toast如下：图中黄色圈的部分
1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，获取打电话时电话号：
Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
String num=bundle.getString(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);
2.清单文件中添加允许拨打电话的权限，然后注册广播，添加意图过滤，设置拨打电话的系统动作
权限：
动作：
继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_call;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBoradReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if(intent!=null)
{
Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
String num=bundle.getString(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);
Toast.makeText(context, "拨打的电话是："+num, 1).show();
}
}
}
清单文件添加：
及权限：
<完>
六。系统广播----接听，挂断电话的状态
1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类
2.得到电话管理者对象，电话状态，根据状态判断
3.清单文件中添加读取电话状态的权限，注册广播，添加意图过滤，设置系统电话状态的动作
继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_callstate;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//得到电话管理者对象
TelephonyManager manager=(TelephonyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
//得到电话状态
int state=manager.getCallState();
//得到上个Activity附带的额外数据
Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
//获取当前拨打电话的号码
String num=bundle.getString(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
switch(state)
{
//挂断状态
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
Toast.makeText(context, "挂断", 1).show();
break;
//接听状态
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
Toast.makeText(context, "接听", 1).show();
break;
//响铃状态
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
Toast.makeText(context, "响铃", 1).show();
break;
}
}
}
清单文件中添加：
权限：
广播的：
<完>
七。系统广播----短信
1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类
2.获得Intent附带的数据，得到收到的短信。。。。
3.清单文件中添加允许接收短信的权限，注册广播，添加意图过滤，动作为接收短信广播接收器
继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_smsinforation;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
//得到收到的短信
Object pduses[]=(Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
for (Object pdus : pduses) {
byte pdu[]=(byte[]) pdus;
SmsMessage sms=SmsMessage.createFromPdu(pdu);
//得到发送短信的号码
String num=sms.getOriginatingAddress();
//得到短信的内容
String body=sms.getMessageBody();
//得到短信的时间
long time=sms.getTimestampMillis();
SimpleDateFormat sf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String t=sf.format(new Date(time));
Toast.makeText(context, "短信来自："+num+"\n短信内容："+body+"\n时间:"+t, 1).show();
}
}
}
清单文件中添加：
<完>
八。系统广播----电池电量
逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_battery;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.view.Menu;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
MyBroadReceiver receiver=new MyBroadReceiver();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//创建广播的意图过滤，检测电源变化
//参数：action标记，据此检测电源变化
IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}
}
继承 BroadcastReceiver 的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_battery;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED.equals(intent.getAction()))
{
//获取电量等级
int level=intent.getIntExtra("level", 0);
//获取总电量
int total=intent.getIntExtra("scale", 0);
//计算当前电量
int current=(level*100)/total;
Toast.makeText(context, "总电量："+total+"\n当前电量:"+current, 1).show();
}
}
}
清单文件中：
九。系统广播----网络连接情况
逻辑代码文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_intenet;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.view.Menu;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
MyBroadReceiver receiver=new MyBroadReceiver();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
//检测网络变化的
filter.addAction(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}
}
继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：
package com.example.day21_broad_intenet;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//得到网络管理者对象
ConnectivityManager manager=(ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo info=manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if(info==null)
{
Toast.makeText(context, "网络异常", 0).show();
}
else
{
if(info.isConnected())
{
Toast.makeText(context, "网络连接正常", 0).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(context, "网络连接超时", 0).show();
}
}
}
}
清单文件中：