ubuntu 下达建略
网上找来找去，安装和使用ecos3.0的文档很少，也本着让自己记住和熟练的目 的，记下本文。
（系统环境：Ubuntu 8.10）
1.首先安装Tcl解释器和libstdc++5：
myz@ubuntu:～/work$sudo apt-get install tcl8.5 libstdc++5
2.然后按照ecos官网提示，下载文件ecos-install.tcl：
myz@ubuntu:~/work$wget --passive-ftp ftp://ecos.sourceware.org/pub/ecos-install.tcl
3.运行这个文件：
myz@ubuntu:~/work$ sh ecos-install.tcl
eCos installer v2.0.1 starting...
Written and maintained by Jonathan Larmour
Retrieving installer metadata information...
**************************************************
---------------------------------------------------------
Available distribution sites:
[1] ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/sources.redhat.com/ecos
[2] http://mirrors.kernel.org/sources.redhat.com/ecos
[3] ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/sourceware/ecos
[4] http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/sourceware/ecos
[5] ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/sources.redhat.com/pub/ecos
[6] http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/sources.redhat.com/pub/ecos
[7] ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/ecos
[8] http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/ecos
[9] ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/mirrors/sources.redhat.com/pub/ecos
[10] ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/misc/sources.redhat.com/ecos
[11] http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/misc/sources.redhat.com/ecos
[12] ftp://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/sources.redhat.com/ecos
[13] http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/sources.redhat.com/ecos
[14] ftp://bo.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/sourceware.org/ecos
[15] http://bo.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/sourceware.org/ecos
[16] ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/gnu/cygnus/ecos
[17] ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/sourceware/ecos
[18] ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/pub/mirrorsites/sourceware.org/pub/ecos
[19] http://ftp.sun.ac.za/ftp/pub/mirrorsites/sourceware.org/pub/ecos
[20] ftp://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/Sourceware/ecos
[21] http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/Sourceware/ecos
[22] ftp://mirror.facebook.com/sourceware/ecos
[23] http://mirror.facebook.com/sourceware/ecos
[24] http://sources-redhat.mirrors.airband.net/ecos
[25] ftp://ecos.sourceware.org/pub/ecos
Please select a distribution site: 18
---------------------------------------------------------
Please select a directory for installation
[Default /home/myz/ecos]:
---------------------------------------------------------
Available prebuilt GNU tools:
[1] arm-eabi
[2] arm-elf (old)
[3] i386-elf
[4] m68k-elf
[5] mipsisa32-elf
[6] powerpc-eabi
[7] sh-elf
[q] Finish selecting GNU tools
("*" indicates tools already selected)
Please select GNU tools to download and install: 1
[*] arm-eabi
[2] arm-elf (old)
[3] i386-elf
[4] m68k-elf
[5] mipsisa32-elf
[6] powerpc-eabi
[7] sh-elf
[q] Finish selecting GNU tools
("*" indicates tools already selected)
Please select GNU tools to download and install: q
Directory /home/myz/ecos does not exist... creating.
Entering /home/myz/ecos
Retrieving GNU tools for arm-eabi
**************************************************
Retrieving eCos version 3.0
**************************************************
Downloads complete.
If you wish to disconnect from the internet you may do so now.
Unpacking ecoscentric-gnutools-arm-eabi-20081213-sw.i386linux.tar.bz2...
Unpacking ecos-3.0.i386linux.tar.bz2...
Generating /home/myz/ecos/ecosenv.sh
Generating /home/myz/ecos/ecosenv.csh
---------------------------------------------------------
In future, to establish the correct environment for eCos,
run one of the following commands:
. /home/myz/ecos/ecosenv.sh (for sh/bash users); or
source /home/myz/ecos/ecosenv.csh (for csh/tcsh users)
It is recommended you append these commands to the end of your
shell startup files such as $HOME/.profile or $HOME/.login
---------------------------------------------------------
Installation complete!
4.安装过程中，我选择了(1)arm-eabi 用于ARM (ARM7TDMI, ARM9, XScale)开发。
在我的安装目录~/ecos中，目录和主要文件为：
ecos3.0 ===> ecos3.0源文件
gnutools ===> arm-eabi交叉编译工具
ecosenv.csh ===> csh下环境变量设定脚本
ecosenv.sh ===> bash下环境变量设定脚本
5. 运行环境变量设定脚本文件，使系统可以找到arm-eabi工具：
myz@ubuntu:~/ecos$source ecosenv.sh
检查一下：
myz@ubuntu:~/ecos$echo $PATH
/home/myz/ecos/gnutools/arm-eabi/bin:/home/myz/ecos/ecos-3.0/tools/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/real:.
6. 试用arm-eabi：
新建一个hello.c：
int main() { return 0; }
myz@ubuntu:~/work$arm-eabi-gcc -o hello hello.c
出现如下错误信息：/home/myz/ecos/gnutools/arm- eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-eabi/4.3.2/../../../../arm-eabi/bin/ld: crt0.o: No such file: No such file or directory collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
出了什么事呢？Go google......
Hello World C program using Android Toolchain
一文中，对用arm-eabi编译andriod代码，做了详细的分析。
参考该文，加上-nostdlib选项：
myz@ubuntu:~/work$arm-eabi-gcc - nostdlib -o hello hello.c
编译有成功，但出现一个warning:
/home/myz/ecos/gnutools/arm-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-eabi/4.3.2/../../../../arm-eabi/bin/ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 00008000
先放 着，以后解决它。
myz@ubuntu:~/work$file hello
hello: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV ), statically linked , not stripped
对比一下用arm-linux-3.4.1编译出来的：
myz@ubuntu:~/work$arm-linux-gcc -o hello hello.c
hello: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1, for GNU/Linux 2.4.3, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped
最后总结：
安装基本上完成，但没有完全成功，中间出了点warning事件。察觉到arm- eabi 的代码是 statically linked 的，没有调用arm-eabi的库，并且找不 到 _start的符号地址。这个问题，在学习(2)中试着解决。