gnuplot(六)、gnuplot画矢量图、颜色设置、线型点型
原文链接：
https://www.xuebuyuan.com/2124565.html
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-548663-783222.html
https://blog.csdn.net/u012836354/article/details/78908436
1、画矢量图
set term emf font "Times New Roman,宋体,20"
set output "alive.emf"
set xlabel "Time(s)"
set ylabel "Number of nodes alive"
set key left bottom box
set grid 20
set sample 1000
plot "leach 10 alive.plot" title "LEACH " w lp pt 8 ps 2 lt -1, "7 alive.plot" title "LEACH-C " w lp pt 5 ps 2 lt -1, "10 alive.plot" title "SRDC " w lp pt 13 ps 2 lt -1
set output2、颜色设置-彩色系
彩色系
set k t c; plot [][-6:-1]
0 lw 20 lc rgb "white" t"white #ffffff = 255 255 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "black" t"black #000000 = 0 0 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "red" t"1 red #ff0000 = 255 0 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-red" t"light-red #f03232 = 240 50 50",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-red" t"dark-red #8b0000 = 139 0 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "green" t"2 green #00ff00 = 0 255 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-green" t"light-green #90ee90 = 144 238 144",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-green" t"dark-green #006400 = 0 100 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "seagreen" t"seagreen #c1ffc1 = 193 255 193",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "web-green" t"web-green #00c000 = 0 192 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "sea-green" t"sea-green #2e8b57 = 46 139 87",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "spring-green" t"spring-green #00ff7f = 0 255 127",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-spring-green" t"dark-spring-green #008040 = 0 128 64",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "forest-green" t"forest-green #228b22 = 34 139 34",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-olivegreen" t"dark-olivegreen #556b2f = 85 107 47",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "greenyellow" t"greenyellow #a0ff20 = 160 255 32",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "chartreuse" t"chartreuse #7cff40 = 124 255 64",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-chartreuse" t"dark-chartreuse #408000 = 64 128 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "blue" t"3 blue #0000ff = 0 0 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-blue" t"light-blue #add8e6 = 173 216 230",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "medium-blue" t"medium-blue #0000cd = 0 0 205",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-blue" t"dark-blue #00008b = 0 0 139",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "midnight-blue" t"midnight-blue #191970 = 25 25 112",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "skyblue" t"skyblue #87ceeb = 135 206 235",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "web-blue" t"web-blue #0080ff = 0 128 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "royalblue" t"royalblue #4169e1 = 65 105 225",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "steelblue" t"steelblue #306080 = 48 96 128",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "slateblue1" t"slateblue1 #8060ff = 128 96 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "cyan" t"4 cyan #00ffff = 0 255 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-cyan" t"light-cyan #e0ffff = 224 255 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-cyan" t"dark-cyan #00eeee = 0 238 238",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "magenta" t"5 magenta #ff00ff = 255 0 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-magenta" t"light-magenta #f055f0 = 240 85 240",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-magenta" t"dark-magenta #c000ff = 192 0 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "yellow" t"6 yellow #ffff00 = 255 255 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-yellow" t"dark-yellow #c8c800 = 200 200 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "yellow4" t"yellow4 #808000 = 128 128 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gold" t"gold #ffd700 = 255 215 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "goldenrod" t"goldenrod #ffc020 = 255 192 32",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-goldenrod" t"light-goldenrod #eedd82 = 238 221 130",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-goldenrod" t"dark-goldenrod #b8860b = 184 134 11",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "navy" t"7 navy #000080 = 0 0 128",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "purple" t"8 purple #c080ff = 192 128 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "mediumpurple3" t"mediumpurple3 #8060c0 = 128 96 192",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "orange" t"orange #ffa500 = 255 165 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-orange" t"dark-orange #c04000 = 192 64 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "orange-red" t"orange-red #ff4500 = 255 69 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "orangered4" t"orangered4 #801400 = 128 20 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "brown" t"brown #a52a2a = 165 42 42",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "brown4" t"brown4 #801414 = 128 20 20",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "sandybrown" t"sandybrown #ffa060 = 255 160 96",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "pink" t"pink #ffc0c0 = 255 192 192",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-pink" t"light-pink #ffb6c1 = 255 182 193",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-pink" t"dark-pink #ff1493 = 255 20 147",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "aquamarine" t"aquamarine #7fffd4 = 127 255 212",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "turquoise" t"turquoise #40e0d0 = 64 224 208",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-turquoise" t"light-turquoise #afeeee = 175 238 238",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-turquoise" t"dark-turquoise #00ced1 = 0 206 209",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "beige" t"beige #f5f5dc = 245 245 220",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "lemonchiffon" t"lemonchiffon #ffffc0 = 255 255 192",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "khaki" t"khaki #f0e68c = 240 230 140",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "khaki1" t"khaki1 #ffff80 = 255 255 128",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-khaki" t"dark-khaki #bdb76b = 189 183 107",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "olive" t"olive #a08020 = 160 128 32",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "honeydew" t"honeydew #f0fff0 = 240 255 240",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "bisque" t"bisque #cdb79e = 205 183 158",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "antiquewhite" t"antiquewhite #cdc0b0 = 205 192 176",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "tan1" t"tan1 #ffa040 = 255 160 64",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "sienna1" t"sienna1 #ff8040 = 255 128 64",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "sienna4" t"sienna4 #804014 = 128 64 20",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "salmon" t"salmon #fa8072 = 250 128 114",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-salmon" t"light-salmon #ffa070 = 255 160 112",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-salmon" t"dark-salmon #e9967a = 233 150 122",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "coral" t"coral #ff7f50 = 255 127 80",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-coral" t"light-coral #f08080 = 240 128 128",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "orchid" t"orchid #ff80ff = 255 128 255",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "orchid4" t"orchid4 #804080 = 128 64 128",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "violet" t"violet #ee82ee = 238 130 238",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-violet" t"dark-violet #9400d3 = 148 0 211",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "plum" t"plum #dda0dd = 221 160 221",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-plum" t"dark-plum #905040 = 144 80 64"
3、颜色设置-灰色系
灰色系
set k t c; plot [][-6:-1]
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray" t"gray #bebebe = 190 190 190",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "grey" t"grey #c0c0c0 = 192 192 192",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "light-gray" t"light-gray grey #d3d3d3 = 211 211 211",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "dark-gray" t"dark-gray grey #a0a0a0 = 160 160 160",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "slategray" t"slategray grey #a0b6cd = 160 182 205",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray0" t"gray0 grey0 #000000 = 0 0 0",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray10" t"gray10 grey10 #1a1a1a = 26 26 26",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray20" t"gray20 grey20 #333333 = 51 51 51",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray30" t"gray30 grey30 #4d4d4d = 77 77 77",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray40" t"gray40 grey40 #666666 = 102 102 102",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray50" t"gray50 grey50 #7f7f7f = 127 127 127",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray60" t"gray60 grey60 #999999 = 153 153 153",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray70" t"gray70 grey70 #b3b3b3 = 179 179 179",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray80" t"gray80 grey80 #cccccc = 204 204 204",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray90" t"gray90 grey90 #e5e5e5 = 229 229 229",
0 lw 20 lc rgb "gray100" t"gray100 grey100 #ffffff = 255 255 255" 
4、默认颜色
默认的7种颜色有时候不够用, 可以利用lc rgb进行自定义, 更方便的是利用set style line命令. 下面定义了与Origin默认一致的颜色.
set style line 1 lc rgb "black"
set style line 2 lc rgb "red"
set style line 3 lc rgb "green"
set style line 4 lc rgb "blue"
set style line 5 lc rgb "cyan"
set style line 6 lc rgb "magenta"
set style line 7 lc rgb "yellow"
set style line 8 lc rgb "dark-yellow"
set style line 9 lc rgb "navy"
5、线型点型
在NS2的gnuplot绘图程序中对线型(linetype)、点型(pointtype)、线条宽度(linewidth)、点大小(pointsize)、图样(style)都有相应的设定值，具体设置如下：
(1)线型(linetype )。在此类型中主要设置线条的颜色，具体对应如下：
| n |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
| linetype |
black |
red |
green |
blue |
pink |
浅蓝 |
yellow |
(2)点型(pointtype)。此类型用于设置点得形状，可分为14中，具体对应如下：
| n |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
| pointtype |
无 |
+ |
× |
* |
□ |
■ |
○ |
● |
△ |
▲ |
▽ |
▼ |
◇ |
◆ |
(3)线宽(linewidth)、点大小(pointsize)。两者都可以设置为整数或小数。
(4)图样(style)：gnuplot 描绘数据数据图形是以读入档案中的坐标值后，以图样绘上。gnuplot可提供9种图样，分别是:
lines : 将相邻的点以线条连接。如 plot sin(x) with lines。
points : 将每一点以一符号绘上。如 plot sin(x) with points
linespoints : 同时具有lines 及 points 的功能。
impulses : 将每一点画一垂直线至X 轴。如 plot sin(x) with impulses。
dots : 将每一点绘一细点。如plot sin(x) with dots。
steps : 以垂直线及水平线各一条来连接两点，形成梯形。如连接 (x1,y1)，(x2,y2)两点，以(x1,y1)到(x2,y1)和(x2,y1)到(x2,y2) 两线段连接。如 plot sin(x) with steps。
errorbars : 对每一点坐标值(x,y)，画一由 (x,ylow) 至(x,yhigh) 的线段。并在线段两端做上 tic mark。如plot sin(x) with errorbars。
boxes : The boxes style draws a box centred about the given x coordinate from the yaxis to the given y coordinate.如plot sin(x) with boxes。
boxerrorbars : 组合errorbars 与 boxes 两者功能。如 plot sin(x) with boxerrorbars。