STM32按键处理机制（支持短按、长按、双击等检测）
STM32按键处理机制
文章目录
- STM32按键处理机制
- 一、按键处理原理
- 按键中断代码段：
- 按键计时定时器中断代码：
- 按键消息判断代码：
- 二、代码汇总
- "myKey.c"
- "myKey.h"
一、按键处理原理
通过定时器的按键状态计时，实现短按、长按、双击、处于长按状态等状态的判断。
首先头文件中定义一下枚举变量和结构体，用来储存每个按键的消息状态。
//定义按键物理状态枚举
typedef enum
{
KEY_UNPRESSED = 0,
KEY_PRESSED = ~KEY_UNPRESSED,
}keyState_enum;
//定义按键消息结构体
typedef struct
{
//按键消息
unsigned char longPressed ;
unsigned char shortPressed ;
unsigned char doublePressed ;
unsigned char isLongPressing ;
//按键物理状态变量
keyState_enum keyState ;
//按键消息触发计时
unsigned int pressedTime5ms ;
unsigned char pressedTime1s;
}myKey_ValueTypedef;
按键通过中断检测，如果被有按键被按下就将 按键被按下的标志置位 （myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;）
然后再进行进一步的按键消息判断。被按下的按键则在定时器中断中开始计时按下的时长，等待按键弹起，则确定按键是长按还是短按。当按下时间大于2S并且还没有弹起，则将isLongPressing （处于正在长按状态）置位。
按键中断代码段：
void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_RST_EXTI_LINE);
}
void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_UP_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_15))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_DOWN_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_14))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_LEFT_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_13))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_RIGHT_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_UP_EXTI_LINE);
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_DOWN_EXTI_LINE);
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_LEFT_EXTI_LINE);
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_RIGHT_EXTI_LINE);
}
按键计时定时器中断代码：
//按键计时中断
//定时器3中断服务程序 5ms一次
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void) //TIM3中断
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET) //检查TIM3更新中断发生与否
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update ); //清除TIMx更新中断标志
delay_Time5ms++;
if(delay_Time5ms == 200)//1S
{
delay_Time5ms = 0;
}
if(key_RST_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_RST_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_UP_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_UP_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_DOWN_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_DOWN_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_LEFT_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_LEFT_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_RIGHT_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_RIGHT_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms++;
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms++;
myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms++;
}
}
按键消息判断代码：
void judge_KeyValue(GPIO_TypeDef * keyGPIO, uint16_t keyGPIO_Pin, myKey_ValueTypedef * keyValue)
{
//键处理
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(keyGPIO, keyGPIO_Pin))//如果按键处于按下状态
{
if(keyValue->keyState == KEY_UNPRESSED)
{
keyValue->keyState = KEY_PRESSED;
keyValue->pressedTime5ms = 0;
}
else if(keyValue->keyState == KEY_PRESSED && keyValue->pressedTime5ms >= 200)
{
keyValue->isLongPressing = 1;
}
}
//如果按键处于弹起状态状态并且之前有被按下，则将根据按下时间确定键值
else if(GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(keyGPIO, keyGPIO_Pin) && keyValue->keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
keyValue->keyState = KEY_UNPRESSED;
keyValue->isLongPressing = 0;
if(keyValue->pressedTime5ms >= 200)
{
keyValue->longPressed = 1;
keyValue->shortPressed = 0;
}
else
{
keyValue->longPressed = 0;
keyValue->shortPressed = 1;
}
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 0;
myKey_ValueChangedFlag = 1;
}
}
二、代码汇总
以下是总体代码：
“myKey.c”
/************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c), 2019, LXG.
*
* FileName :myKey.c
* Author :firestaradmin
* Version :1.0
* Date :2019.12.11
* Description :中断按键键值处理
* History :
*
*
*************************************************************************************/
#include "myKey.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "OLED_I2C_Buffer.h"
#include "myShaoBingApp.h"
#include "DS18B20.h"
#define KEY_RST_GPIO_PortSource GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA
#define KEY_UP_GPIO_PortSource GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB
#define KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PortSource GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB
#define KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PortSource GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB
#define KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PortSource GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB
#define KEY_RST_GPIO_PinSource GPIO_PinSource0
#define KEY_UP_GPIO_PinSource GPIO_PinSource15
#define KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PinSource GPIO_PinSource14
#define KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PinSource GPIO_PinSource13
#define KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PinSource GPIO_PinSource12
#define KEY_RST_GPIO_PORT GPIOA
#define KEY_UP_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define KEY_RST_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_0
#define KEY_UP_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_15
#define KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_14
#define KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_13
#define KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_12
#define KEY_RST_EXTI_LINE EXTI_Line0
#define KEY_UP_EXTI_LINE EXTI_Line15
#define KEY_DOWN_EXTI_LINE EXTI_Line14
#define KEY_LEFT_EXTI_LINE EXTI_Line13
#define KEY_RIGHT_EXTI_LINE EXTI_Line12
//5ms计数器
unsigned short delay_Time5ms = 0;
//按键被按下标志
unsigned char myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 0;
//按键扫描延时周期
unsigned char myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms;
unsigned char delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms;
unsigned char delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms;
myKey_ValueTypedef key_RST_Value;
myKey_ValueTypedef key_UP_Value;
myKey_ValueTypedef key_DOWN_Value;
myKey_ValueTypedef key_LEFT_Value;
myKey_ValueTypedef key_RIGHT_Value;
u8 myKey_ValueChangedFlag = 0;;
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void); //TIM3中断
void TIM3_Int_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc);
void myKey_Init()
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
/* EXTI的时钟要设置AFIO寄存器 */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE) ;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStruct;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = KEY_RST_GPIO_PIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;//上拉输入
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = KEY_UP_GPIO_PIN | KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PIN | KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PIN | KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PIN;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* 初始化EXTI外设 */
/* 选择作为EXTI线的GPIO引脚 */
GPIO_EXTILineConfig( KEY_RST_GPIO_PortSource , KEY_RST_GPIO_PinSource) ;
/* 配置中断or事件线 */
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line = KEY_RST_EXTI_LINE ;
/* 配置模式：中断or事件 */
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt ;
/* 配置边沿触发 上升or下降 */
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling ;
/* 使能EXTI线 */
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE ;
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct) ;
GPIO_EXTILineConfig( KEY_UP_GPIO_PortSource , KEY_UP_GPIO_PinSource) ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line = KEY_UP_EXTI_LINE;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling ;
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);
GPIO_EXTILineConfig( KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PortSource , KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PinSource) ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line = KEY_DOWN_EXTI_LINE;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling ;
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);
GPIO_EXTILineConfig( KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PortSource , KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PinSource) ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line = KEY_LEFT_EXTI_LINE;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling ;
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);
GPIO_EXTILineConfig( KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PortSource , KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PinSource) ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line = KEY_RIGHT_EXTI_LINE;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt ;
EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling ;
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn; //
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 3; //先占优先级2级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 2; //从优先级2级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //初始化NVIC寄存器
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI15_10_IRQn; //
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 3; //先占优先级2级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3; //从优先级2级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //初始化NVIC寄存器
//中断的时间为t：t = (arr * psc / APB1*2) * 1000 ms
TIM3_Int_Init(1000,360); //5ms
}
void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_RST_EXTI_LINE);
}
void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_UP_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_15))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_DOWN_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_14))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_LEFT_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_13))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
if(EXTI_GetITStatus(KEY_RIGHT_EXTI_LINE)!=RESET)
{
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
while(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 2);
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12))
{
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 1;
}
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_UP_EXTI_LINE);
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_DOWN_EXTI_LINE);
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_LEFT_EXTI_LINE);
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(KEY_RIGHT_EXTI_LINE);
}
void judge_KeyValue(GPIO_TypeDef * keyGPIO, uint16_t keyGPIO_Pin, myKey_ValueTypedef * keyValue)
{
//键处理
if(!GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(keyGPIO, keyGPIO_Pin))//如果按键处于按下状态
{
if(keyValue->keyState == KEY_UNPRESSED)
{
keyValue->keyState = KEY_PRESSED;
keyValue->pressedTime5ms = 0;
}
else if(keyValue->keyState == KEY_PRESSED && keyValue->pressedTime5ms >= 200)
{
keyValue->isLongPressing = 1;
}
}
//如果按键处于弹起状态状态并且之前有被按下，则将根据按下时间确定键值
else if(GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(keyGPIO, keyGPIO_Pin) && keyValue->keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
keyValue->keyState = KEY_UNPRESSED;
keyValue->isLongPressing = 0;
if(keyValue->pressedTime5ms >= 200)
{
keyValue->longPressed = 1;
keyValue->shortPressed = 0;
}
else
{
keyValue->longPressed = 0;
keyValue->shortPressed = 1;
}
myKey_IsPressed_Flag = 0;
myKey_ValueChangedFlag = 1;
}
}
//扫描按键消息进程
void myKey_GetKeyValue()
{
if(myKey_IsPressed_Flag == 1 && myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms > 10) //判断如果有按键被按下了 ，并且按键扫描周期到达相应时间了则开始扫描按键
{
judge_KeyValue(KEY_RST_GPIO_PORT, KEY_RST_GPIO_PIN, &key_RST_Value);
judge_KeyValue(KEY_UP_GPIO_PORT, KEY_UP_GPIO_PIN, &key_UP_Value);
judge_KeyValue(KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PORT, KEY_DOWN_GPIO_PIN, &key_DOWN_Value);
judge_KeyValue(KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PORT, KEY_LEFT_GPIO_PIN, &key_LEFT_Value);
judge_KeyValue(KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PORT, KEY_RIGHT_GPIO_PIN, &key_RIGHT_Value);
myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms = 0;//清楚按键扫描周期计数
}
}
//按键计时中断
//定时器3中断服务程序 5ms一次
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void) //TIM3中断
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET) //检查TIM3更新中断发生与否
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update ); //清除TIMx更新中断标志
delay_Time5ms++;
if(delay_Time5ms == 200)//1S
{
delay_Time5ms = 0;
//testDynamicNum ++;
}
if(key_RST_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_RST_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_UP_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_UP_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_DOWN_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_DOWN_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_LEFT_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_LEFT_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
if(key_RIGHT_Value.keyState == KEY_PRESSED)
{
key_RIGHT_Value.pressedTime5ms++;
}
delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms++;
delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms++;
myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms++;
// if(delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms > 200)delay_EXTI0_delayTime5ms = 0;
// if(delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms > 200)delay_EXTI15_10_delayTime5ms = 0;
// if(myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms > 200)myKey_GetKeyValue_delayTime5ms = 0;
}
}
//这里时钟选择为APB1的2倍，而APB1为36M
//arr：自动重装值。
//psc：时钟预分频数
//一次中断的时间为t：t = (arr * psc / APB1*2) * 1000 ms
void TIM3_Int_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE); //时钟使能
//定时器TIM3初始化
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位
TIM_ITConfig(TIM3,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE ); //使能指定的TIM3中断,允许更新中断
//中断优先级NVIC设置
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn; //TIM3中断
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //先占优先级0级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //从优先级0级
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //IRQ通道被使能
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //初始化NVIC寄存器
TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE); //使能TIM3
}
“myKey.h”
#ifndef __MYKEY_H_
#define __MYKEY_H_
#include 如果有什么宝贵的建议请留言或私信，谢谢