深度复制与浅表复制的区别在于,浅表复制只复制值类型的值,而对于实例所包含的对象依然指向原有实例。
class Program
{
[Serializable]
public class Car
{
public string name;
public Car(string name)
{
this.name = name;
}
}
[Serializable]
public class Person:ICloneable
{
public int id;
public string name;
public Car car;
public Person()
{
}
public Person(int id, string name, Car car)
{
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.car = car;
}
public Object Clone() //实现ICloneable接口,达到浅表复制。浅表复制与深度复制无直接有关系。 对外提供一个创建自身的浅表副本的能力
{
return this.MemberwiseClone();
}
}
//要复制的实例必须可序列化,包括实例引用的其它实例都必须在类定义时加[Serializable]特性。
public static T Copy(T RealObject)
{
using (Stream objectStream = new MemoryStream())
{
//利用 System.Runtime.Serialization序列化与反序列化完成引用对象的复制
IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
formatter.Serialize(objectStream, RealObject);
objectStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
return (T)formatter.Deserialize(objectStream);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Person p1 = new Person(1, "Scott", new Car("宝马"));
Console.WriteLine("原始值:P1:id={0}----------->name={1}------>car={2}", p1.id, p1.name, p1.car.name);
Person p2 = Copy(p1); //克隆一个对象
Person p3 = p1.Clone() as Person;//浅表复制
Console.WriteLine("改变P1的值");
p1.id = 2;
p1.name = "Lacy";
p1.car.name = "红旗";
Console.WriteLine("P1:id={0}----------->name={1}------>car={2}", p1.id, p1.name, p1.car.name);
Console.WriteLine("深度复制:P2:id={0}----------->name={1}------>car={2}", p2.id, p2.name, p2.car.name);
Console.WriteLine("浅表复制:P3:id={0}----------->name={1}------>car={2}", p3.id, p3.name, p3.car.name);
Console.ReadKey();
}
运行结果:
一、List
对于值类型的List直接用以下方法就可以复制:
List oldList = new List();
oldList.Add(..);
List newList = new List(oldList);
二、List
1、对于引用类型的List无法用以上方法进行复制,只会复制List中对象的引用,可以用以下扩展方法复制:
static class Extensions
{
public static IList Clone(this IList listToClone) where T: ICloneable
{
return listToClone.Select(item => (T)item.Clone()).ToList();
}
//当然前题是List中的对象要实现ICloneable接口
}
2、另一种用序列化的方式对引用对象完成深拷贝,此种方法最可靠
public static T Clone(T RealObject)
{
using (Stream objectStream = new MemoryStream())
{
//利用 System.Runtime.Serialization序列化与反序列化完成引用对象的复制
IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
formatter.Serialize(objectStream, RealObject);
objectStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
return (T)formatter.Deserialize(objectStream);
}
}
3、利用System.Xml.Serialization来实现序列化与反序列化
public static T Clone(T RealObject)
{
using(Stream stream=new MemoryStream())
{
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
serializer.Serialize(stream, RealObject);
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
return (T)serializer.Deserialize(stream);
}
}