表格是GUI编程中使用较多,但也是最麻烦的一个控件之一。表格是用来显示二维数据,提供编辑,选择等功能。如果只是显示数据,这还是非常easy的,只要在JTable中传入二维数组或集合就可以了,eg
- public class SimpleTable
- {
- JFrame jf = new JFrame("简单表格");
- JTable table;
- //定义二维数组作为表格数据
- Object[][] tableData =
- {
- new Object[]{"李清照" , 29 , "女"},
- new Object[]{"苏格拉底", 56 , "男"},
- new Object[]{"李白", 35 , "男"},
- new Object[]{"弄玉", 18 , "女"},
- new Object[]{"虎头" , 2 , "男"}
- };
- //定义一维数据作为列标题
- Object[] columnTitle = {"姓名" , "年龄" , "性别"};
- public void init()
- {
- //以二维数组和一维数组来创建一个JTable对象
- table = new JTable(tableData , columnTitle);
- //将JTable对象放在JScrollPane中,并将该JScrollPane放在窗口中显示出来
- jf.add(new JScrollPane(table));
- jf.pack();
- jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- jf.setVisible(true);
- }
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- new SimpleTable().init();
- }
- }
下面举个JTable表格调整和选择方式的例子,eg
- public class AdjustingWidth
- {
- JFrame jf = new JFrame("调整表格列宽");
- JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
- JMenu adjustModeMenu = new JMenu("调整方式");
- JMenu selectUnitMenu = new JMenu("选择单元");
- JMenu selectModeMenu = new JMenu("选择方式");
- //定义5个单选框按钮,用以控制表格的宽度调整方式
- JRadioButtonMenuItem[] adjustModesItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem[5];
- //定义3个单选框按钮,用以控制表格的选择方式
- JRadioButtonMenuItem[] selectModesItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem[3];
- JCheckBoxMenuItem rowsItem = new JCheckBoxMenuItem("选择行");
- JCheckBoxMenuItem columnsItem = new JCheckBoxMenuItem("选择列");
- JCheckBoxMenuItem cellsItem = new JCheckBoxMenuItem("选择单元格");
- ButtonGroup adjustBg = new ButtonGroup();
- ButtonGroup selectBg = new ButtonGroup();
- //定义一个int类型的数组,用于保存表格所有的宽度调整方式
- int[] adjustModes = new int[]{
- JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_OFF,
- JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_NEXT_COLUMN,
- JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_SUBSEQUENT_COLUMNS,
- JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_LAST_COLUMN,
- JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_ALL_COLUMNS
- };
- int[] selectModes = new int[]{
- ListSelectionModel.MULTIPLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION ,
- ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION ,
- ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION
- };
- JTable table;
- //定义二维数组作为表格数据
- Object[][] tableData =
- {
- new Object[]{"李清照" , 29 , "女"},
- new Object[]{"苏格拉底", 56 , "男"},
- new Object[]{"李白", 35 , "男"},
- new Object[]{"弄玉", 18 , "女"},
- new Object[]{"虎头" , 2 , "男"}
- };
- //定义一维数据作为列标题
- Object[] columnTitle = {"姓名" , "年龄" , "性别"};
- public void init()
- {
- //以二维数组和一维数组来创建一个JTable对象
- table = new JTable(tableData , columnTitle);
- //-----------为窗口安装设置表格调整方式的菜单-----------
- adjustModesItem[0] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("只调整表格");
- adjustModesItem[1] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("只调整下一列");
- adjustModesItem[2] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("平均调整余下列");
- adjustModesItem[3] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("只调整最后一列");
- adjustModesItem[4] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("平均调整所有列");
- menuBar.add(adjustModeMenu);
- for (int i = 0; i < adjustModesItem.length ; i++)
- {
- //默认选中第三个菜单项,即对应表格默认的宽度调整方式
- if (i == 2)
- {
- adjustModesItem[i].setSelected(true);
- }
- adjustBg.add(adjustModesItem[i]);
- adjustModeMenu.add(adjustModesItem[i]);
- final int index = i;
- //为设置调整方式的菜单项添加监听器
- adjustModesItem[i].addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt)
- {
- //如果当前菜单项处于选中状态,表格使用对应的调整方式
- if (adjustModesItem[index].isSelected())
- {
- table.setAutoResizeMode(adjustModes[index]);
- }
- }
- });
- }
- //-----------为窗口安装设置表格选择方式的菜单-----------
- selectModesItem[0] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("无限制");
- selectModesItem[1] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("单独的连续区");
- selectModesItem[2] = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("单选");
- menuBar.add(selectModeMenu);
- for (int i = 0; i < selectModesItem.length ; i++)
- {
- //默认选中第一个菜单项,即对应表格默认的选择方式
- if (i == 0)
- {
- selectModesItem[i].setSelected(true);
- }
- selectBg.add(selectModesItem[i]);
- selectModeMenu.add(selectModesItem[i]);
- final int index = i;
- //为设置选择方式的菜单项添加监听器
- selectModesItem[i].addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt)
- {
- //如果当前菜单项处于选中状态,表格使用对应的选择方式
- if (selectModesItem[index].isSelected())
- {
- table.getSelectionModel().setSelectionMode(selectModes[index]);
- }
- }
- });
- }
- menuBar.add(selectUnitMenu);
- //-----------为窗口安装设置表格选择单元的菜单-----------
- rowsItem.setSelected(table.getRowSelectionAllowed());
- columnsItem.setSelected(table.getColumnSelectionAllowed());
- cellsItem.setSelected(table.getCellSelectionEnabled());
- rowsItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- table.clearSelection();
- //如果该菜单项处于选中状态,设置表格的选择单元是行
- table.setRowSelectionAllowed(rowsItem.isSelected());
- //如果选择行、选择列同时被选中,其实质是选择单元格
- cellsItem.setSelected(table.getCellSelectionEnabled());
- }
- });
- selectUnitMenu.add(rowsItem);
- columnsItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- table.clearSelection();
- //如果该菜单项处于选中状态,设置表格的选择单元是列
- table.setColumnSelectionAllowed(columnsItem.isSelected());
- //如果选择行、选择列同时被选中,其实质是选择单元格
- cellsItem.setSelected(table.getCellSelectionEnabled());
- }
- });
- selectUnitMenu.add(columnsItem);
- cellsItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- table.clearSelection();
- //如果该菜单项处于选中状态,设置表格的选择单元是单元格
- table.setCellSelectionEnabled(cellsItem.isSelected());
- //该选项的改变会同时影响选择行、选择列两个菜单
- rowsItem.setSelected(table.getRowSelectionAllowed());
- columnsItem.setSelected(table.getColumnSelectionAllowed());
- }
- });
- selectUnitMenu.add(cellsItem);
- jf.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
- //分别获取表格的三个表格列,并设置三列的最小宽度,最佳宽度和最大宽度
- TableColumn nameColumn = table.getColumn(columnTitle[0]);
- nameColumn.setMinWidth(40);
- TableColumn ageColumn = table.getColumn(columnTitle[1]);
- ageColumn.setPreferredWidth(50);
- TableColumn genderColumn = table.getColumn(columnTitle[2]);
- genderColumn.setMaxWidth(50);
- //将JTable对象放在JScrollPane中,并将该JScrollPane放在窗口中显示出来
- jf.add(new JScrollPane(table));
- System.out.println(table.getModel());
- jf.pack();
- jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- jf.setVisible(true);
- }
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- new AdjustingWidth().init();
- }
- }
和JList,JTree类似,JTable采用TableModel来保存表格中的所有状态数据,采用TableColumnModel来保存所有列的数据。eg
- public class TestDefaultTableModel
- {
- JFrame mainWin = new JFrame("管理数据行、数据列");
- final int COLUMN_COUNT = 5;
- DefaultTableModel model;
- JTable table;
- //用于保存被隐藏列的List集合
- ArrayList
hiddenColumns = new ArrayList(); - public void init()
- {
- model = new DefaultTableModel(COLUMN_COUNT ,COLUMN_COUNT);
- for (int i = 0; i < COLUMN_COUNT ; i++ )
- {
- for (int j = 0; j < COLUMN_COUNT ; j++ )
- {
- model.setValueAt("老单元格值 " + i + " " + j , i , j);
- }
- }
- table = new JTable(model);
- mainWin.add(new JScrollPane(table), BorderLayout.CENTER);
- //为窗口安装菜单
- JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
- mainWin.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
- JMenu tableMenu = new JMenu("管理");
- menuBar.add(tableMenu);
- JMenuItem hideColumnsItem = new JMenuItem("隐藏选中列");
- hideColumnsItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- //获取所有选中列的索引
- int[] selected = table.getSelectedColumns();
- TableColumnModel columnModel = table.getColumnModel();
- //依次把每一个选中的列隐藏起来,并使用List把这些列保存起来
- for (int i = selected.length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
- {
- TableColumn column = columnModel.getColumn(selected[i]);
- table.removeColumn(column);
- //把隐藏的列保存起来,确保以后可以显示出来
- hiddenColumns.add(column);
- }
- }
- });
- tableMenu.add(hideColumnsItem);
- JMenuItem showColumnsItem = new JMenuItem("显示隐藏列");
- showColumnsItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- //把所有隐藏列依次显示出来
- for (TableColumn tc : hiddenColumns)
- {
- //依次把所有隐藏的列显示出来
- table.addColumn(tc);
- }
- //清空保存隐藏列的List集合
- hiddenColumns.clear();
- }
- });
- tableMenu.add(showColumnsItem);
- JMenuItem addColumnItem = new JMenuItem("插入选中列");
- addColumnItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- //获取所有选中列的索引
- int[] selected = table.getSelectedColumns();
- TableColumnModel columnModel = table.getColumnModel();
- //依次把选中的列添加到JTable之后
- for (int i = selected.length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
- {
- TableColumn column = columnModel.getColumn(selected[i]);
- table.addColumn(column);
- }
- }
- });
- tableMenu.add(addColumnItem);
- JMenuItem addRowItem = new JMenuItem("增加行");
- addRowItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- //创建一个String数组作为新增行的内容
- String[] newCells = new String[COLUMN_COUNT];
- for (int i = 0; i < newCells.length; i++)
- {
- newCells[i] = "新单元格值 " + model.getRowCount() + " " + i;
- }
- //向TableModel中新增一行。
- model.addRow(newCells);
- }
- });
- tableMenu.add(addRowItem);
- JMenuItem removeRowsItem = new JMenuItem("删除选中行");
- removeRowsItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
- {
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
- {
- //获取所有选中行
- int[] selected = table.getSelectedRows();
- //依次删除所有选中行
- for (int i = selected.length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
- {
- model.removeRow(selected[i]);
- }
- }
- });
- tableMenu.add(removeRowsItem);
- mainWin.pack();
- mainWin.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- mainWin.setVisible(true);
- }
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- new TestDefaultTableModel().init();
- }
- }
但要注意列的增加,只是将原来隐藏的列显示,而不是真正增加列,你要新增的话那就重新new个JTable
前面讲的表格,单元格都是字符串,这是由于我们传入的都是DefaultTableModel它最终调用toString方法来绘制表格,具体自定义单元格的方法如下,eg
- public class TestTableCellRenderer
- {
- JFrame jf = new JFrame("使用单元格绘制器");
- JTable table;
- //定义二维数组作为表格数据
- Object[][] tableData =
- {
- new Object[]{"李清照" , 29 , "女" , new ImageIcon("icon/3.gif") , true},
- new Object[]{"苏格拉底", 56 , "男" , new ImageIcon("icon/1.gif") , false},
- new Object[]{"李白", 35 , "男" , new ImageIcon("icon/4.gif") , true},
- new Object[]{"弄玉", 18 , "女" , new ImageIcon("icon/2.gif") , true},
- new Object[]{"虎头" , 2 , "男" , new ImageIcon("icon/5.gif") , true}
- };
- //定义一维数据作为列标题
- String[] columnTitle = {"姓名" , "年龄" , "性别" , "主头像" , "是否中国人"};
- public void init()
- {
- //以二维数组和一维数组来创建一个ExtendedTableModel对象
- ExtendedTableModel model = new ExtendedTableModel(columnTitle , tableData);
- //以ExtendedTableModel来创建JTable
- table = new JTable( model);
- table.setRowSelectionAllowed(false);
- table.setRowHeight(40);
- //获取第三列
- TableColumn lastColumn = table.getColumnModel().getColumn(2);
- //对第三列采用自定义的单元格绘制器
- lastColumn.setCellRenderer(new GenderTableCellRenderer());
- //将JTable对象放在JScrollPane中,并将该JScrollPane放在窗口中显示出来
- jf.add(new JScrollPane(table));
- jf.pack();
- jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- jf.setVisible(true);
- }
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- new TestTableCellRenderer().init();
- }
- }
- class ExtendedTableModel extends DefaultTableModel
- {
- //重新提供一个构造器,该构造器的实现委托给DefaultTableModel父类
- public ExtendedTableModel(String[] columnNames , Object[][] cells)
- {
- super(cells , columnNames);
- }
- //重写getColumnClass方法,根据每列的第一个值来返回其真实的数据类型
- public Class getColumnClass(int c)
- {
- return getValueAt(0 , c).getClass();
- }
- }
- class GenderTableCellRenderer extends JPanel implements TableCellRenderer
- {
- private String cellValue;
- //定义图标的宽度和高度
- final int ICON_WIDTH = 23;
- final int ICON_HEIGHT = 21;
- public Component getTableCellRendererComponent(JTable table, Object value,
- boolean isSelected, boolean hasFocus, int row, int column)
- {
- cellValue = (String)value;
- //设置选中状态下绘制边框
- if (hasFocus)
- {
- setBorder(UIManager.getBorder("Table.focusCellHighlightBorder"));
- }
- else
- {
- setBorder(null);
- }
- return this;
- }
- //重写paint方法,负责绘制该单元格内容
- public void paint(Graphics g)
- {
- //如果表格值为"男"或"male",则绘制一个男性图标
- if (cellValue.equalsIgnoreCase("男")
- || cellValue.equalsIgnoreCase("male"))
- {
- drawImage(g , new ImageIcon("icon/male.gif").getImage());
- }
- //如果表格值为"女"或"female",则绘制一个女性图标
- if (cellValue.equalsIgnoreCase("女")
- || cellValue.equalsIgnoreCase("female"))
- {
- drawImage(g , new ImageIcon("icon/female.gif").getImage());
- }
- }
- //绘制图标的方法
- private void drawImage(Graphics g , Image image)
- {
- g.drawImage(image, (getWidth() - ICON_WIDTH ) / 2
- , (getHeight() - ICON_HEIGHT) / 2 , null);
- }
- }