SpringBoot中定制异常页面的实现方法

定制异常页面,可以避免用户产生恐慌心理,使得产品有更好的用户体验。今天来学习在 SpringBoot 中如何定制开发异常页面

一、历史回顾

在 SpringMVC 年代,我们的异常页面一般配置在 web.xml 文件中,如下:



   404
   /error/404.html
 

这里我们指定了异常请求状态码 404,然后配置了 404 异常请求的页面地址,这就意味着如果某一个请求发生了 404 异常,则会出现 404.html 界面

二、SpringBoot中配置

1、默认异常页面

SpringBoot中定制异常页面的实现方法_第1张图片

这是 SpringBoot 中默认的异常页面,返回的是一堆异常信息和异常状态码,那用户固然是看不懂这些信息的,容易使得用户产生恐慌的心里,从而影响产品的用户体验

2、定制异常页面

SpringBoot 中定制异常页面非常简单,我们需要一个配置文件 ExceptionPageConfig.java

import org.springframework.boot.web.server.ConfigurableWebServerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.web.server.ErrorPage;
import org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerFactoryCustomizer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

/**
 * 统一异常页面处理
 *
 * @Author Lizhou
 **/
@Configuration
public class ExceptionPageConfig {

  /**
   * SpringBoot2.0以上版本
   * WebServerFactoryCustomizer代替之前版本的EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration
   *
   * @return
   */
  @Bean
  public WebServerFactoryCustomizer webServerFactoryCustomizer() {
    return (container -> {
      ErrorPage error400Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "/400");
      ErrorPage error404Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/404");
      ErrorPage error500Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "/500");
      container.addErrorPages(error400Page, error404Page, error500Page);
    });
  }
}

可以看出,这里我们配置了 400、404、500 三种异常页面,然后我们需要编写 API 请求异常页面 SysExceptionController.java

import com.zyxx.common.utils.PasswordUtils;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

/**
 * 

* 前端控制器 *

* * @author lizhou * @since 2020-07-15 **/ @Api(tags = "后台管理端--异常处理") @Controller public class SysExceptionController { @ApiOperation(value = "请求400页面", notes = "请求400页面") @GetMapping("400") public String badRequest() { return "sys/exception/400"; } @ApiOperation(value = "请求404页面", notes = "请求404页面") @GetMapping("404") public String notFound() { return "sys/exception/404"; } @ApiOperation(value = "请求500页面", notes = "请求500页面") @GetMapping("500") public String serverError() { return "sys/exception/500"; } }

API 写好,下面我们就需要开发异常页面的展示信息了,这里贴一张页面吧,404.html

import com.zyxx.common.utils.PasswordUtils;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

/**
 * 

* 前端控制器 *

* * @author lizhou * @since 2020-07-15 **/ @Api(tags = "后台管理端--异常处理") @Controller public class SysExceptionController { @ApiOperation(value = "请求400页面", notes = "请求400页面") @GetMapping("400") public String badRequest() { return "sys/exception/400"; } @ApiOperation(value = "请求404页面", notes = "请求404页面") @GetMapping("404") public String notFound() { return "sys/exception/404"; } @ApiOperation(value = "请求500页面", notes = "请求500页面") @GetMapping("500") public String serverError() { return "sys/exception/500"; } }

然后所需要的 exception.css

.error .clip .shadow {
  height: 180px;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .shadow {
  width: 130px;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .shadow, .error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow {
  width: 250px;
}

.error .digit {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  line-height: 150px;
  font-size: 120px;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.error h2 {
  font-size: 32px;
}

.error .msg {
  top: -190px;
  left: 30%;
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  line-height: 80px;
  font-size: 32px;
}

.error span.triangle {
  top: 70%;
  right: 0%;
  border-left: 20px solid #535353;
  border-top: 15px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 15px solid transparent;
}

.error .container-error-404 {
  top: 50%;
  margin-top: 250px;
  position: relative;
  height: 250px;
  padding-top: 40px;
}

.error .container-error-404 .clip {
  display: inline-block;
  transform: skew(-45deg);
}

.error .clip .shadow {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .shadow {
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  box-shadow: inset 20px 0px 20px -15px rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.8), 20px 0px 20px -15px rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.8);
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow:after, .error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .shadow:after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: -8px;
  bottom: 0px;
  z-index: 9999;
  height: 100%;
  width: 10px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(173, 173, 173, 0.8), transparent);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow:after {
  left: -8px;
}

.error .digit {
  position: relative;
  top: 8%;
  color: white;
  background: #1E9FFF;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transform: skew(45deg);
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .digit {
  left: -10%;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .digit {
  right: -20%;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .digit {
  left: -20%;
}

.error h2 {
  font-size: 24px;
  color: #A2A2A2;
  font-weight: bold;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
}

.error .tohome {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #07B3F9;
}

.error .msg {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 9999;
  display: block;
  background: #535353;
  color: #A2A2A2;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-style: italic;
}

.error .triangle {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 999;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  content: "";
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .error .clip .shadow {
    height: 100px;
  }

  .error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .shadow {
    width: 80px;
  }

  .error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .shadow, .error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow {
    width: 100px;
  }

  .error .digit {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    line-height: 80px;
    font-size: 52px;
  }

  .error h2 {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .error .msg {
    top: -110px;
    left: 15%;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    line-height: 40px;
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .error span.triangle {
    top: 70%;
    right: -3%;
    border-left: 10px solid #535353;
    border-top: 8px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 8px solid transparent;
  }

  .error .container-error-404 {
    height: 150px;
  }
}

所需要的 exception.js

.error .clip .shadow {
  height: 180px;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .shadow {
  width: 130px;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .shadow, .error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow {
  width: 250px;
}

.error .digit {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  line-height: 150px;
  font-size: 120px;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.error h2 {
  font-size: 32px;
}

.error .msg {
  top: -190px;
  left: 30%;
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  line-height: 80px;
  font-size: 32px;
}

.error span.triangle {
  top: 70%;
  right: 0%;
  border-left: 20px solid #535353;
  border-top: 15px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 15px solid transparent;
}

.error .container-error-404 {
  top: 50%;
  margin-top: 250px;
  position: relative;
  height: 250px;
  padding-top: 40px;
}

.error .container-error-404 .clip {
  display: inline-block;
  transform: skew(-45deg);
}

.error .clip .shadow {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .shadow {
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  box-shadow: inset 20px 0px 20px -15px rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.8), 20px 0px 20px -15px rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.8);
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow:after, .error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .shadow:after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: -8px;
  bottom: 0px;
  z-index: 9999;
  height: 100%;
  width: 10px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(173, 173, 173, 0.8), transparent);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow:after {
  left: -8px;
}

.error .digit {
  position: relative;
  top: 8%;
  color: white;
  background: #1E9FFF;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transform: skew(45deg);
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .digit {
  left: -10%;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .digit {
  right: -20%;
}

.error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .digit {
  left: -20%;
}

.error h2 {
  font-size: 24px;
  color: #A2A2A2;
  font-weight: bold;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
}

.error .tohome {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #07B3F9;
}

.error .msg {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 9999;
  display: block;
  background: #535353;
  color: #A2A2A2;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-style: italic;
}

.error .triangle {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 999;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  content: "";
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .error .clip .shadow {
    height: 100px;
  }

  .error .clip:nth-of-type(2) .shadow {
    width: 80px;
  }

  .error .clip:nth-of-type(1) .shadow, .error .clip:nth-of-type(3) .shadow {
    width: 100px;
  }

  .error .digit {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    line-height: 80px;
    font-size: 52px;
  }

  .error h2 {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .error .msg {
    top: -110px;
    left: 15%;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    line-height: 40px;
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .error span.triangle {
    top: 70%;
    right: -3%;
    border-left: 10px solid #535353;
    border-top: 8px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 8px solid transparent;
  }

  .error .container-error-404 {
    height: 150px;
  }
}

三、测试

项目启动后,我们访问一个并不存在的 API

SpringBoot中定制异常页面的实现方法_第2张图片

那,通过访问一个项目中并不存在的 API,得到 404 页面,页面可以提示一些友好的文字,从而安抚用户紧张的心理,其实也是一个不错的选择吧

到此这篇关于SpringBoot中定制异常页面的实现方法的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot 定制异常页面内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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