Android源码分析-深入理解setContentView方法

一般我们都是这样使用setContentView:

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

但setContentView是怎么把我们的布局加载显示到界面上的呢？我们进去setContentView看一下：

    public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
        getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID);
        initWindowDecorActionBar();
    }

这里的getWindow返回一个Window对象mWindow，然后调用其setContentView方法，不过Window是一个抽象类，因此这个mWindow一定是Window的某个子类对象（你可以打印它的Class对象直接看是什么类型），它在Activity的attach方法（这个方法在ActivityThread启动Activity时会被调用）中被初始化：

final void attach(Context context, ActivityThread aThread,
            Instrumentation instr, IBinder token, int ident,
        ......
        mWindow = PolicyManager.makeNewWindow(this);   
        ......

再看PolicyManager的makeNewWindow方法：

    public static Window makeNewWindow(Context context) {
        return sPolicy.makeNewWindow(context);
    }

这个sPolicy是通过反射创建的，是一个com.android.internal.policy.impl.Policy对象，它的makeNewWindow方法：

    public Window makeNewWindow(Context context) {
        return new PhoneWindow(context);
    }

到这里就可以确定Activity的getWindow()返回的其实是一个PhoneWindow对象，注意PhoneWindow所在的包为com.android.internal.policy.impl。也就是说getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID);调用的就是PhoneWindow的setContentView方法：

    @Override
    public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
        if (mContentParent == null) {
            installDecor();
        } else {
            mContentParent.removeAllViews();
        }
        //把我们的布局添加到mContentParent中
        mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);
        //这个cb其实就是我们的Activity对象
        final Callback cb = getCallback();
        if (cb != null && !isDestroyed()) {
            cb.onContentChanged();
        }
    }

代码逻辑并不复杂，就是把我们的布局添加到mContentParent（ViewGroup对象）中。它的赋值是在installDecor中进行的：

private void installDecor() {
        if (mDecor == null) {
            mDecor = generateDecor();
            ......
        }
        if (mContentParent == null) {
            mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor);
            ......
        }
    }

先看mDecor是一个什么东西：

    protected DecorView generateDecor() {
        return new DecorView(getContext(), -1);
    }

原来是一个DecorView对象，DecorView类继承自FrameLayout，它是PhoneWindow的内部类。
再来看generateLayout方法：

protected ViewGroup generateLayout(DecorView decor) {
        // Apply data from current theme.

        TypedArray a = getWindowStyle();

        if (false) {
            System.out.println("From style:");
            String s = "Attrs:";
            for (int i = 0; i < com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window.length; i++) {
                s = s + " " + Integer.toHexString(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window[i]) + "="
                        + a.getString(i);
            }
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        mIsFloating = a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsFloating, false);
        int flagsToUpdate = (FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN|FLAG_LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR)
                & (~getForcedWindowFlags());
        if (mIsFloating) {
            setLayout(WRAP_CONTENT, WRAP_CONTENT);
            setFlags(0, flagsToUpdate);
        } else {
            setFlags(FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN|FLAG_LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR, flagsToUpdate);
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowNoTitle, false)) {
            requestFeature(FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        } else if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowActionBar, false)) {
            // Don't allow an action bar if there is no title.
            requestFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowActionBarOverlay, false)) {
            requestFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR_OVERLAY);
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowActionModeOverlay, false)) {
            requestFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_MODE_OVERLAY);
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFullscreen, false)) {
            setFlags(FLAG_FULLSCREEN, FLAG_FULLSCREEN & (~getForcedWindowFlags()));
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowTranslucentStatus,
                false)) {
            setFlags(FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS, FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS
                    & (~getForcedWindowFlags()));
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowTranslucentNavigation,
                false)) {
            setFlags(FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_NAVIGATION, FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_NAVIGATION
                    & (~getForcedWindowFlags()));
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowOverscan, false)) {
            setFlags(FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_OVERSCAN, FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_OVERSCAN&(~getForcedWindowFlags()));
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowShowWallpaper, false)) {
            setFlags(FLAG_SHOW_WALLPAPER, FLAG_SHOW_WALLPAPER&(~getForcedWindowFlags()));
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowEnableSplitTouch,
                getContext().getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion
                        >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)) {
            setFlags(FLAG_SPLIT_TOUCH, FLAG_SPLIT_TOUCH&(~getForcedWindowFlags()));
        }

        a.getValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowMinWidthMajor, mMinWidthMajor);
        a.getValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowMinWidthMinor, mMinWidthMinor);
        if (a.hasValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedWidthMajor)) {
            if (mFixedWidthMajor == null) mFixedWidthMajor = new TypedValue();
            a.getValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedWidthMajor,
                    mFixedWidthMajor);
        }
        if (a.hasValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedWidthMinor)) {
            if (mFixedWidthMinor == null) mFixedWidthMinor = new TypedValue();
            a.getValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedWidthMinor,
                    mFixedWidthMinor);
        }
        if (a.hasValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedHeightMajor)) {
            if (mFixedHeightMajor == null) mFixedHeightMajor = new TypedValue();
            a.getValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedHeightMajor,
                    mFixedHeightMajor);
        }
        if (a.hasValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedHeightMinor)) {
            if (mFixedHeightMinor == null) mFixedHeightMinor = new TypedValue();
            a.getValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFixedHeightMinor,
                    mFixedHeightMinor);
        }

        final Context context = getContext();
        final int targetSdk = context.getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion;
        final boolean targetPreHoneycomb = targetSdk < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB;
        final boolean targetPreIcs = targetSdk < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH;
        final boolean targetHcNeedsOptions = context.getResources().getBoolean(
                com.android.internal.R.bool.target_honeycomb_needs_options_menu);
        final boolean noActionBar = !hasFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR) || hasFeature(FEATURE_NO_TITLE);

        if (targetPreHoneycomb || (targetPreIcs && targetHcNeedsOptions && noActionBar)) {
            addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NEEDS_MENU_KEY);
        } else {
            clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NEEDS_MENU_KEY);
        }

        if (mAlwaysReadCloseOnTouchAttr || getContext().getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion
                >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
            if (a.getBoolean(
                    com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowCloseOnTouchOutside,
                    false)) {
                setCloseOnTouchOutsideIfNotSet(true);
            }
        }

        WindowManager.LayoutParams params = getAttributes();

        if (!hasSoftInputMode()) {
            params.softInputMode = a.getInt(
                    com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowSoftInputMode,
                    params.softInputMode);
        }

        if (a.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_backgroundDimEnabled,
                mIsFloating)) {
            /* All dialogs should have the window dimmed */
            if ((getForcedWindowFlags()&WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DIM_BEHIND) == 0) {
                params.flags |= WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DIM_BEHIND;
            }
            if (!haveDimAmount()) {
                params.dimAmount = a.getFloat(
                        android.R.styleable.Window_backgroundDimAmount, 0.5f);
            }
        }

        if (params.windowAnimations == 0) {
            params.windowAnimations = a.getResourceId(
                    com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowAnimationStyle, 0);
        }

        // The rest are only done if this window is not embedded; otherwise,
        // the values are inherited from our container.
        if (getContainer() == null) {
            if (mBackgroundDrawable == null) {
                if (mBackgroundResource == 0) {
                    mBackgroundResource = a.getResourceId(
                            com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowBackground, 0);
                }
                if (mFrameResource == 0) {
                    mFrameResource = a.getResourceId(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowFrame, 0);
                }
                if (false) {
                    System.out.println("Background: "
                            + Integer.toHexString(mBackgroundResource) + " Frame: "
                            + Integer.toHexString(mFrameResource));
                }
            }
            mTextColor = a.getColor(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_textColor, 0xFF000000);
        }

        // Inflate the window decor.

        int layoutResource;
        int features = getLocalFeatures();
        // System.out.println("Features: 0x" + Integer.toHexString(features));
        if ((features & ((1 << FEATURE_LEFT_ICON) | (1 << FEATURE_RIGHT_ICON))) != 0) {
            if (mIsFloating) {
                TypedValue res = new TypedValue();
                getContext().getTheme().resolveAttribute(
                        com.android.internal.R.attr.dialogTitleIconsDecorLayout, res, true);
                layoutResource = res.resourceId;
            } else {
                layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_title_icons;
            }
            // XXX Remove this once action bar supports these features.
            removeFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
            // System.out.println("Title Icons!");
        } else if ((features & ((1 << FEATURE_PROGRESS) | (1 << FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS))) != 0
                && (features & (1 << FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) == 0) {
            // Special case for a window with only a progress bar (and title).
            // XXX Need to have a no-title version of embedded windows.
            layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_progress;
            // System.out.println("Progress!");
        } else if ((features & (1 << FEATURE_CUSTOM_TITLE)) != 0) {
            // Special case for a window with a custom title.
            // If the window is floating, we need a dialog layout
            if (mIsFloating) {
                TypedValue res = new TypedValue();
                getContext().getTheme().resolveAttribute(
                        com.android.internal.R.attr.dialogCustomTitleDecorLayout, res, true);
                layoutResource = res.resourceId;
            } else {
                layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_custom_title;
            }
            // XXX Remove this once action bar supports these features.
            removeFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
        } else if ((features & (1 << FEATURE_NO_TITLE)) == 0) {
            // If no other features and not embedded, only need a title.
            // If the window is floating, we need a dialog layout
            if (mIsFloating) {
                TypedValue res = new TypedValue();
                getContext().getTheme().resolveAttribute(
                        com.android.internal.R.attr.dialogTitleDecorLayout, res, true);
                layoutResource = res.resourceId;
            } else if ((features & (1 << FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) != 0) {
                layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_action_bar;
            } else {
                layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_title;
            }
            // System.out.println("Title!");
        } else if ((features & (1 << FEATURE_ACTION_MODE_OVERLAY)) != 0) {
            layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_simple_overlay_action_mode;
        } else {
            // Embedded, so no decoration is needed.
            layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_simple;
            // System.out.println("Simple!");
        }

        mDecor.startChanging();

        View in = mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResource, null);
        decor.addView(in, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));

        ViewGroup contentParent = (ViewGroup)findViewById(ID_ANDROID_CONTENT);
        if (contentParent == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Window couldn't find content container view");
        }

        if ((features & (1 << FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS)) != 0) {
            ProgressBar progress = getCircularProgressBar(false);
            if (progress != null) {
                progress.setIndeterminate(true);
            }
        }

        // Remaining setup -- of background and title -- that only applies
        // to top-level windows.
        if (getContainer() == null) {
            Drawable drawable = mBackgroundDrawable;
            if (mBackgroundResource != 0) {
                drawable = getContext().getResources().getDrawable(mBackgroundResource);
            }
            mDecor.setWindowBackground(drawable);
            drawable = null;
            if (mFrameResource != 0) {
                drawable = getContext().getResources().getDrawable(mFrameResource);
            }
            mDecor.setWindowFrame(drawable);

            // System.out.println("Text=" + Integer.toHexString(mTextColor) +
            // " Sel=" + Integer.toHexString(mTextSelectedColor) +
            // " Title=" + Integer.toHexString(mTitleColor));

            if (mTitleColor == 0) {
                mTitleColor = mTextColor;
            }

            if (mTitle != null) {
                setTitle(mTitle);
            }
            setTitleColor(mTitleColor);
        }

        mDecor.finishChanging();

        return contentParent;
    }

这个方法主要做两件事：
1.设置当前窗口的主题样式
2.查找适当的布局作为mDecor的子View，Android中定义了许多这种布局，在~\sdk\platforms\android-19\data\res\layout目录下可以找到，比如一般使用的screen_simple.xml：

http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <ViewStub android:id="@+id/action_mode_bar_stub"
              android:inflatedId="@+id/action_mode_bar"
              android:layout="@layout/action_mode_bar"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    
    <FrameLayout
         android:id="@android:id/content"
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="match_parent"
         android:foregroundInsidePadding="false"
         android:foregroundGravity="fill_horizontal|top"
         android:foreground="?android:attr/windowContentOverlay" />
LinearLayout>

因此平时我们调用setContentView设置显示我们的布局，实际的布局会是这样子：

实际的xml布局文件（采用screen_simple.xml为例）：

<com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <ViewStub android:id="@+id/action_mode_bar_stub"
                  android:inflatedId="@+id/action_mode_bar"
                  android:layout="@layout/action_mode_bar"
                  android:layout_width="match_parent"
                  android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        
        <FrameLayout
             android:id="@android:id/content"
             android:layout_width="match_parent"
             android:layout_height="match_parent"
             android:foregroundInsidePadding="false"
             android:foregroundGravity="fill_horizontal|top"
             android:foreground="?android:attr/windowContentOverlay">
             
             <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:orientation="vertical">
                <TextView 
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="hello world"/>    
            LinearLayout>          
        FrameLayout>
    LinearLayout> 
com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow>

setContentView时序图：

转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/u012619640/article/details/50722306