默認打開pr_debug和dev_dbg

作者:彭東林

郵箱:[email protected]

日期:2016-08-26 18:04:14

 

在進行Linux驅動開發時經常見到使用pr_debug和dev_dbg打印驅動的log,如果在內核配置時選擇了CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG宏,那麼就可以利用類似下面的命令打開對應文件的log:

echo -n "file xxx.c +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control

但是有時候我們需要看到這個文件在內核啓動階段的log,那麼改怎麼辦呢?

這裏有兩種方法:

方法一 修改內核傳參

修改bootloader傳遞給kernel的bootargs,如果使用了設備樹的話,可以修改在chosen節點中bootargs屬性的值,具體方法內核文檔:Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt

這種方案的優點是不需要修改驅動代碼。

比如我們需要開機內核啓動的時候就打開tfa98xx.c、wcd-mbhc-v2.c和q6asm.c的log,首先我們可以看一下這兩個文件對應的KBUILD_MODNAME,這裏有兩種方法可以查看這個值:

  • 查看對應的Makefile

 在驅動中查看上面的三個文件對應的Makefile,如下:

snd-soc-tfa98xx-objs := tfa98xx.o tfa_container.o tfa_dsp.o tfa9887B_init.o tfa9887_init.o tfa9888_init.o tfa9890_init.o tfa9891_init.o tfa9897_init.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_TFA98XX)   += snd-soc-tfa98xx.o

snd-soc-wcd-mbhc-objs := wcd-mbhc-v2.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_WCD_MBHC)  += snd-soc-wcd-mbhc.o

obj-y += audio_calibration.o audio_cal_utils.o q6adm.o q6afe.o q6asm.o \
    q6audio-v2.o q6voice.o q6core.o rtac.o q6lsm.o audio_slimslave.o

 其中,tfa98xx.c對應的KBUILD_MODNAME就是snd-soc-tfa98xx,wcd-mbhc-v2.c對應的KBUILD_MODNAME就是snd-soc-wcd-mbhc,q6asm.c對應的KBUILD_MODNAME是q6asm

  •  第二種方法如下,用如下命令打開這三個文件的log,那麼在這三個文件輸出log的同時也會將對應的KBUILD_MODNAME也輸出出來
adb shell 'echo -n "file tfa98xx.c +pmflt" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control'
adb shell 'echo -n "file wcd-mbhc-v2.c +pmflt" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control'
adb shell 'echo -n "file q6asm.c +pmflt" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control'

其中涉及到的符號的含義如下:

The flags specification comprises a change operation followed
by one or more flag characters.  The change operation is one
of the characters:

  -    remove the given flags
  +    add the given flags
  =    set the flags to the given flags

The flags are:

  p    enables the pr_debug() callsite.
  f    Include the function name in the printed message
  l    Include line number in the printed message
  m    Include module name in the printed message
  t    Include thread ID in messages not generated from interrupt context
  _    No flags are set. (Or'd with others on input)

 然後執行相關的操作,讓這幾個文件輸出log,在log中可以看到:

[ 1171.400553] [1778] snd_soc_tfa98xx:tfa98xx_mute:2525: tfa98xx 9-0034: state: 0
[ 1171.401523]  q6asm:q6asm_callback:1611: q6asm_callback: nowait_cmd_cnt 1

[ 1184.540904] [71] snd_soc_wcd_mbhc:wcd_correct_swch_plug:1228: wcd_correct_swch_plug: hs_comp_res: 0

從上面的log中可以看到,第一個冒號前面的字符串就是對應的KBUILD_MODNAME

 在獲得了KBUILD_MODNAME後,就可以修改設備樹文件了,下面是在原有bootargs後追加後的結果。

    chosen {
        bootargs = "sched_enable_hmp=1 sched_enable_power_aware=1 snd_soc_wcd_mbhc.dyndbg=\"file wcd-mbhc-v2.c +p\" snd_soc_tfa98xx.dyndbg=\"file tfa98xx.c +p; file tfa_dsp.c +p\"";
    };

snd_soc_tfa98xx.dyndbg=\"file tfa98xx.c +p; file tfa_dsp.c +p\" 爲例說明一下:

等號前面的命名規則是 "KBUILD_MODNAME.dyndbg",等號後面的比較好理解,需要注意的是需要對雙引號進行轉義。

在調試這部分時可以打開kernel/params.c的log,方法是文件的開頭定義DEBUG宏,這樣就會將這個文件的pr_debug和dev_dbg打開。

這樣在kernel啓動的時候就可以看到對命令行的解析過程:

<7>[    0.015794] doing dyndbg params, parsing ARGS: 'sched_enable_hmp=1 sched_enable_power_aware=1 snd_soc_wcd_mbhc.dyndbg="file wcd-mbhc-v2.c +p" snd_soc_tfa98xx.dyndbg="file tfa98xx.c +p; file tfa_dsp.c +p" console=ttyHSL0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyHSL0 androidboot.hardware=qcom user_debug=31 msm_rtb.filter=0x237 ehci-hcd.park=3 lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 zswap.enabled=1 cma=32M@0-0xffffffff loglevel=0 androidboot.bootdevice=624000.ufshc androidboot.verifiedbootstate=orange androidboot.veritymode=logging androidboot.serialno=d94b873f androidboot.fingerprint.id=fpc androidboot.hardware.id=0x1c uart_enable=0 ro.housing.color=black  pmode=0 androidboot.baseband=msm mdss_mdp.panel=1:dsi:0:qcom,mdss_dsi_nt35597_dsc_wqxga_cmd:config2:1:none:cfg:single_dsi fpsimd.fpsimd_settings=0'
<7>[    0.015810] doing dyndbg params: sched_enable_hmp='1'
<7>[    0.015818] doing dyndbg params: sched_enable_power_aware='1'
<7>[    0.015824] doing dyndbg params: snd_soc_wcd_mbhc.dyndbg='file wcd-mbhc-v2.c +p'
<7>[    0.015901] doing dyndbg params: snd_soc_tfa98xx.dyndbg='file tfa98xx.c +p; file tfa_dsp.c +p'
<7>[    0.015975] doing dyndbg params: console='ttyHSL0,115200,n8'
<7>[    0.015980] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.console='ttyHSL0'
<7>[    0.015986] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.hardware='qcom'
<7>[    0.015991] doing dyndbg params: user_debug='31'
<7>[    0.015996] doing dyndbg params: msm_rtb.filter='0x237'
<7>[    0.016001] doing dyndbg params: ehci-hcd.park='3'
<7>[    0.016006] doing dyndbg params: lpm_levels.sleep_disabled='1'
<7>[    0.016011] doing dyndbg params: zswap.enabled='1'
<7>[    0.016016] doing dyndbg params: cma='32M@0-0xffffffff'
<7>[    0.016020] doing dyndbg params: loglevel='0'
<7>[    0.016026] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.bootdevice='624000.ufshc'
<7>[    0.016031] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.verifiedbootstate='orange'
<7>[    0.016036] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.veritymode='logging'
<7>[    0.016041] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.serialno='d94b873f'
<7>[    0.016046] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.fingerprint.id='fpc'
<7>[    0.016051] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.hardware.id='0x1c'
<7>[    0.016056] doing dyndbg params: uart_enable='0'
<7>[    0.016061] doing dyndbg params: ro.housing.color='black'
<7>[    0.016065] doing dyndbg params: pmode='0'
<7>[    0.016070] doing dyndbg params: androidboot.baseband='msm'
<7>[    0.016075] doing dyndbg params: mdss_mdp.panel='1:dsi:0:qcom,mdss_dsi_nt35597_dsc_wqxga_cmd:config2:1:none:cfg:single_dsi'
<7>[    0.016081] doing dyndbg params: fpsimd.fpsimd_settings='0'

 

方法二 在需要開啓log的驅動文件的開頭定義宏DEBUG

這樣該驅動文件中的pr_debug和dev_dbg就可以打開了。

比如驅動文件的名字是tfa98xx.c,那麼就在其第一個非註釋行添加DEBUG宏的定義:

/*
 * tfa98xx.c   tfa98xx codec module
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2015 NXP Semiconductors
 *
 *  Author: Sebastien Jan 
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute  it and/or modify it
 * under  the terms of  the GNU General  Public License as published by the
 * Free Software Foundation;  either version 2 of the  License, or (at your
 * option) any later version.
 */

#define DEBUG
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "%s(): " fmt, __func__

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
......

 爲什麼這樣做可以實現呢?下面我們以pr_debug爲例簡單分析。

在內核配置了CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG後,pr_debug的定義如下:

#define pr_debug(fmt, ...) \
    dynamic_pr_debug(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)

dynamic_pr_debug的定義如下:

#define dynamic_pr_debug(fmt, ...)                \
do {                                \
    DEFINE_DYNAMIC_DEBUG_METADATA(descriptor, fmt);        \
    if (unlikely(descriptor.flags & _DPRINTK_FLAGS_PRINT))    \
        __dynamic_pr_debug(&descriptor, pr_fmt(fmt),    \
                   ##__VA_ARGS__);        \
} while (0)

這裏用到了宏DEFINE_DYNAMIC_DEBUG_METADATA,定義如下:

#define DEFINE_DYNAMIC_DEBUG_METADATA(name, fmt)        \
    static struct _ddebug  __aligned(8)            \
    __attribute__((section("__verbose"))) name = {        \
        .modname = KBUILD_MODNAME,            \
        .function = __func__,                \
        .filename = __FILE__,                \
        .format = (fmt),                \
        .lineno = __LINE__,                \
        .flags =  _DPRINTK_FLAGS_DEFAULT,        \
    }

 __dynamic_pr_debug的定義如下:

void __dynamic_pr_debug(struct _ddebug *descriptor, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    struct va_format vaf;
    char buf[PREFIX_SIZE];

    BUG_ON(!descriptor);
    BUG_ON(!fmt);

    va_start(args, fmt);

    vaf.fmt = fmt;
    vaf.va = &args;

    printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s%pV", dynamic_emit_prefix(descriptor, buf), &vaf);

    va_end(args);
}

 從上面的代碼可以看到,每一個pr_debug都對應一個名爲descriptor,類型爲struct _ddebug的變量,存放在kernel的__verbose段。決定這個pr_debug能否輸出log的條件就是descriptor.flags & _DPRINTK_FLAGS_PRINT爲true。

在定義descriptor時,將其flags成員賦值爲了_DPRINTK_FLAGS_DEFAULT,下面看一下這兩個宏的定義:

#if defined DEBUG
#define _DPRINTK_FLAGS_DEFAULT _DPRINTK_FLAGS_PRINT
#else
#define _DPRINTK_FLAGS_DEFAULT 0
#endif

 可以看到,如果定義了宏DEBUG,那麼_DPRINTK_FLAGS_DEFAULT其實就是_DPRINTK_FLAGS_PRINT,所以默認就是可以打印的。如果沒有定義,那麼_DPRINTK_FLAGS_DEFAULT就是0,上面的條件不會成立,也就打印不出來。

在dynamic debug初始化的時候會遍歷__verbose段,處理每一個struct _ddebug類型的變量,如果定義了DEBUG宏,在開機後,可以讀取control節點,會發現已經有"p"參數了。

root@colombo:/ # cat /d/dynamic_debug/control | grep tfa                       
sound/soc/codecs/tfa98xx.c:2523 [snd_soc_tfa98xx]tfa98xx_mute =p "state: %d\012"
sound/soc/codecs/tfa98xx.c:2573 [snd_soc_tfa98xx]tfa98xx_digital_mute =p "%s enter, mute: %d\012"
sound/soc/codecs/tfa98xx.c:1077 [snd_soc_tfa98xx]tfa98xx_info_vstep =p "vsteps count: %d [prof=%d]\012"
... ...

 當然,也可以使用下面的命令關閉:

echo -n "file xxx.c -p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control

 完。

 

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