[GCC|C++] gcc/g++使用笔记

CCC 参数说明

-pass-exit-codes         Exit with highest error code from a phase.
  --help                   Display this information.
  --target-help            Display target specific command line options.
  --help={common|optimizers|params|target|warnings|[^]{joined|separate|undocumented}}[,...].
                           Display specific types of command line options.
  (Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes).
  --version                Display compiler version information.
  -dumpspecs               Display all of the built in spec strings.
  -dumpversion             Display the version of the compiler.
  -dumpmachine             Display the compiler's target processor.
  -print-search-dirs       Display the directories in the compiler's search path.
  -print-libgcc-file-name  Display the name of the compiler's companion library.
  -print-file-name=   Display the full path to library .
  -print-prog-name=  Display the full path to compiler component .
  -print-multiarch         Display the target's normalized GNU triplet, used as
                           a component in the library path.
  -print-multi-directory   Display the root directory for versions of libgcc.
  -print-multi-lib         Display the mapping between command line options and
                           multiple library search directories.
  -print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries.
  -print-sysroot           Display the target libraries directory.
  -print-sysroot-headers-suffix Display the sysroot suffix used to find headers.
  -Wa,            Pass comma-separated  on to the assembler.
  -Wp,            Pass comma-separated  on to the preprocessor.
  -Wl,            Pass comma-separated  on to the linker.
  -Xassembler         Pass  on to the assembler.
  -Xpreprocessor      Pass  on to the preprocessor.
  -Xlinker            Pass  on to the linker.
  -save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files.
  -save-temps=        Do not delete intermediate files.
  -no-canonical-prefixes   Do not canonicalize paths when building relative
                           prefixes to other gcc components.
  -pipe                    Use pipes rather than intermediate files.
  -time                    Time the execution of each subprocess.
  -specs=            Override built-in specs with the contents of .
  -std=          Assume that the input sources are for .
  --sysroot=    Use  as the root directory for headers
                           and libraries.
  -B            Add  to the compiler's search paths.
  -v                       Display the programs invoked by the compiler.
  -###                     Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed.
  -E                       Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link.
  -S                       Compile only; do not assemble or link.
  -c                       Compile and assemble, but do not link.
  -o                 Place the output into .
  -pie                     Create a dynamically linked position independent
                           executable.
  -shared                  Create a shared library.
  -x             Specify the language of the following input files.
                           Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
                           'none' means revert to the default behavior of
                           guessing the language based on the file's extension.

CCC 预处理

gcc -E main.c > main.e

GCC编译

# 只编译不链接
gcc -c main.c

GCC汇编

# 只编译，不汇编和链接
gcc -S main.c 

GCC链接

# 链接
gcc main.o -o main

GCC编译到指定文件

gcc main.c -o main

GCC 调试

gcc -g main.c -o main_d

g++参数说明

-pass-exit-codes         Exit with highest error code from a phase.
  --help                   Display this information.
  --target-help            Display target specific command line options.
  --help={common|optimizers|params|target|warnings|[^]{joined|separate|undocumented}}[,...].
                           Display specific types of command line options.
  (Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes).
  --version                Display compiler version information.
  -dumpspecs               Display all of the built in spec strings.
  -dumpversion             Display the version of the compiler.
  -dumpmachine             Display the compiler's target processor.
  -print-search-dirs       Display the directories in the compiler's search path.
  -print-libgcc-file-name  Display the name of the compiler's companion library.
  -print-file-name=   Display the full path to library .
  -print-prog-name=  Display the full path to compiler component .
  -print-multiarch         Display the target's normalized GNU triplet, used as
                           a component in the library path.
  -print-multi-directory   Display the root directory for versions of libgcc.
  -print-multi-lib         Display the mapping between command line options and
                           multiple library search directories.
  -print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries.
  -print-sysroot           Display the target libraries directory.
  -print-sysroot-headers-suffix Display the sysroot suffix used to find headers.
  -Wa,            Pass comma-separated  on to the assembler.
  -Wp,            Pass comma-separated  on to the preprocessor.
  -Wl,            Pass comma-separated  on to the linker.
  -Xassembler         Pass  on to the assembler.
  -Xpreprocessor      Pass  on to the preprocessor.
  -Xlinker            Pass  on to the linker.
  -save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files.
  -save-temps=        Do not delete intermediate files.
  -no-canonical-prefixes   Do not canonicalize paths when building relative
                           prefixes to other gcc components.
  -pipe                    Use pipes rather than intermediate files.
  -time                    Time the execution of each subprocess.
  -specs=            Override built-in specs with the contents of .
  -std=          Assume that the input sources are for .
  --sysroot=    Use  as the root directory for headers
                           and libraries.
  -B            Add  to the compiler's search paths.
  -v                       Display the programs invoked by the compiler.
  -###                     Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed.
  -E                       Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link.
  -S                       Compile only; do not assemble or link.
  -c                       Compile and assemble, but do not link.
  -o                 Place the output into .
  -pie                     Create a dynamically linked position independent
                           executable.
  -shared                  Create a shared library.
  -x             Specify the language of the following input files.
                           Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
                           'none' means revert to the default behavior of
                           guessing the language based on the file's extension.

多文件编译

g++ main.cpp ../Person/Person.cpp -o -I../Person

g++ 静态编译

g++ main.cpp -o main_static -static

g++ 编译动态库

g++ Person.cpp -fpic -shared -o libPerson.so

编译时调用动态库调用

g++ main.cpp -o main -I../Person -L../Person -lPerson