前端图片转base64,转格式,转blob,上传的总结

1. 图片文件转base64

<input accept="image/gif,image/jpeg,image/jpg,image/png" type="file" id="up" />

 

$(function() {
                $("#up").change(function() {
                    var file = this.files[0];
                    if(undefined == file){
                        return ;
                    }
                    r = new FileReader(); 
                    r.readAsDataURL(file); 
                    r.onload = function(e) {
                        var base64 = e.target.result;
                        
                    }
                });
            });

这样就获取到了图片文件的base64编码

 

可以把base64直接设置给img的src属性,用做图片回显用

2. canvas图片处理

2.1 canvas绘制图片和压缩图片

var suofang = function(base64, bili, callback) {
    console.log("执行缩放程序,bili=" + bili);
    //处理缩放,转格式
    var _img = new Image();
    _img.src = base64;
    _img.onload = function() {
        var _canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
        var w = this.width / bili;
        var h = this.height / bili;
        _canvas.setAttribute("width", w);
        _canvas.setAttribute("height", h);
        _canvas.getContext("2d").drawImage(this, 0, 0, w, h);
    }
}

压缩图片主要是通过长宽的缩放来缩小图片

 

2.2 canvas转base64

var base64 = canvas.toDataURL("image/png");

  

还可以传个参数做图片质量的设置,0-1

2.3 canvas转blob

_canvas.toBlob(function(blob) {
            console.log(blob.size);
        }, "image/jpeg");

2.4 base转blob

function dataURItoBlob(base64Data) {
    var byteString;
    if(base64Data.split(',')[0].indexOf('base64') >= 0)
        byteString = atob(base64Data.split(',')[1]);
    else
        byteString = unescape(base64Data.split(',')[1]);
    var mimeString = base64Data.split(',')[0].split(':')[1].split(';')[0];
    var ia = new Uint8Array(byteString.length);
    for(var i = 0; i < byteString.length; i++) {
        ia[i] = byteString.charCodeAt(i);
    }
    return new Blob([ia], {
        type: mimeString
    });
}

3. 文件上传

1. base64上传

可以使用ajax请求,发送普通请求即可。
需要注意的是,由于base64比较长,在测试后发现java后端接受到的参数为null。所以使用JSON.stringify()把data数据转成json,在后端用@requestBody接受


2. blog上传

var fd = new FormData();
    fd.append("file", blob); //fileData为自定义   
    $.ajax({
        type: "post",
        url: "/file/upload",
        async: true,
        data: fd,
        processData: false,
        contentType: false,
        success: function(r) {
 
        }
    });
最后附上完整的代码<图片上传-转base64-缩放-转格式-缩放到不超过1M-ajax上传>
  • html
  • <input accept="image/gif,image/jpeg,image/jpg,image/png" type="file" id="up" />
    • 业务代码
    • $(function() {
          $("#up").change(function() {
              imageDeal(this, dealChange);
          });
      })
      var dealChange = function(blob, base64) {
          var fd = new FormData();
          fd.append("file", blob); //fileData为自定义   
          $.ajax({
              type: "post",
              url: "/file/upload",
              async: true,
              data: fd,
              processData: false,
              contentType: false,
              success: function(r) {
       
              }
          });
      }
      • 处理代码
      • var imageDeal = function(ele, returnBase64) {
            //获取file,转成base64
            var file = ele.files[0]; //取传入的第一个文件
            if(undefined == file) { //如果未找到文件,结束函数,跳出
                return;
            }
            console.log("fileSize" + file.size);
            console.log(file.type);
         
            var r = new FileReader();
            r.readAsDataURL(file);
            r.onload = function(e) {
                var base64 = e.target.result;
                var bili = 1.5;
                console.log("压缩前:" + base64.length);
                suofang(base64, bili, returnBase64);
            }
        }
        var suofang = function(base64, bili, callback) {
            console.log("执行缩放程序,bili=" + bili);
            //处理缩放,转格式
            var _img = new Image();
            _img.src = base64;
            _img.onload = function() {
                var _canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
                var w = this.width / bili;
                var h = this.height / bili;
                _canvas.setAttribute("width", w);
                _canvas.setAttribute("height", h);
                _canvas.getContext("2d").drawImage(this, 0, 0, w, h);
                var base64 = _canvas.toDataURL("image/jpeg");
                _canvas.toBlob(function(blob) {
                    console.log(blob.size);
                    
                    if(blob.size > 1024*1024){
                        suofang(base64, bili, callback);
                    }else{
                        callback(blob, base64);
                    }
                }, "image/jpeg");
            }
        }

         

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/ihuangjianxin/p/9405107.html

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