CPU处理数据流程

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_cycle
The circuits used in the CPU during the cycle are:

• Program counter (PC) - an incrementing counter that keeps track of the memory address of the instruction that is to be executed next.
• Memory address register (MAR) - holds the address of a memory block to be read from or written to.
• Memory data register (MDR) - a two-way register that holds data fetched from memory (and ready for the CPU to process) or data waiting to be stored in memory
• Instruction register (IR) - a temporary holding ground for the instruction that has just been fetched from memory
• Control unit (CU) - decodes the program instruction in the IR, selecting machine resources such as a data source register and a particular arithmetic operation, and coordinates activation of those resources
• Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) - performs mathematical and logical operations

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