基于CentOS 7.6（1810）的OpenStack部署教程
OpenStack部署
- OpenStack环境部署
-
- 一、实验环境
- 二、基础环境配置（ ct c1 c2 以ct为例）
-
- 1、主机名
- 2、关闭防火墙、核心防护
- 3、修改网卡地址
- 4、免交互
- 5、基础环境依赖包
- 6、时间同步+周期性计划任务
- 三、系统环境配置（控制节点ct）
-
- 1、安装、配置MariaDB
- 2、添加MySQL子配置文件，增加如下内容
- 3、安装RabbitMQ
- 4、安装memcached
- 四、安装keyston
-
- 1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
- 2、安装、配置keystone
- 3、初始化认证服务数据库
- 4、配置bootstrap身份认证服务
- 5、配置Apache HTTP服务器
- 6、配置管理员账户的环境变量
- 7、通过配置环境变量，可以使用openstack命令进行一些操作，示例
- 五、创建OpenStack 域、项目、用户和角色
- 六、Glance组件部署
-
- 1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
- 2、创建OpenStack的Glance用户
- 3、创建镜像服务 API 端点
- 4、修改配置文件
- 5、初始化glance数据库，生成相关表结构
- 6、开启glance服务
- 7、镜像导入
- 8、查看镜像的两种方式
- 七、Placement组件部署
-
- 1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
- 2、创建Placement服务用户和API的endpoint
-
- 1）创建placement用户
- 2）给与placement用户对service项目拥有admin权限
- 3）创建一个placement服务，服务类型为placement
- 4）注册API端口到placement的service中；注册的信息会写入到mysql中
- 5）安装placement服务
- 6）修改placement配置文件
- 7）导入数据库
- 8）修改Apache配置文件
- 9）重新启动apache
- 10）测试
- 八、nova组件部署
-
- 1、ct节点Nova服务配置
-
- 1）创建nova数据库，并执行授权操作
- 2）管理Nova用户及服务
- 2、c1节点配置Nova服务
-
- 1）安装nova-compute组件
- 2）修改配置文件
- 3）开启服务
- 3、c2节点配置Nova服务
- 4、ct上查看c1、c2是否注册成功
-
- 1）ct查看compute节点是否注册到controller上
- 2）扫描当前openstack中有哪些计算节点可用
- 3）默认每次添加个计算节点
- 4）验证计算节点服务
- 九、neutron组件部署
-
- 1、创建数据库neutron，并进行授权
- 2、创建neutron用户，用于在keystone做认证
- 3、将neutron用户添加到service项目中拥有管理员权限
- 4、创建network服务，服务类型为network
- 5、注册API到neutron服务，给neutron服务关联端口，即添加endpoint
- 6、安装提供者网络(桥接)
- 7、修改配置文件
- 8、创建ML2插件文件符号连接
- 9、初始化数据库
- 10、重启计算节点nova-api服务
- 11、开启neutron服务、设置开机自启动
- 12、因为配置了第三层L3网络服务、所以需要启动第三层服务
- 13、c1 安装Neutron
- 14、c2 安装Neutron
- 15、验证服务组件【ct节点】
- 十、 OpenStack-Dashboard组件部署
-
- 1、c1节点安装dashboard和httpd
- 2、修改local_setting本地控制台的配置文件
- 3、重启服务
OpenStack环境部署
一、实验环境
基于Centos 7.6（1810）最小化安装，CPU双核双线程、CPU虚拟化开启
| 主机名 | 内存 | 硬盘 | NAT网卡 | VM1网卡 | 系统 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CT | 8 | 300+1024（CEPH块存储） | 20.0.0.61 | 10.0.0.61 | Centos7.6 |
| C1 | 8 | 300+1024（CEPH块存储） | 20.0.0.62 | 10.0.0.62 | Centos7.6 |
| C2 | 8 | 300+1024（CEPH块存储） | 20.0.0.63 | 10.0.0.63 | Centos7.6 |
注：最小内存为6G
二、基础环境配置（ ct c1 c2 以ct为例）
1、主机名
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname ct
[root@localhost ~]# su
[root@ct ~]#
2、关闭防火墙、核心防护
[root@ct ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@ct ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@ct ~]# setenforce 0
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled
3、修改网卡地址
①修改NAT网卡配置
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
BOOTPROTO=static
IPV4_ROUTE_METRIC=90 ###调由优先级，NAT网卡优先
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=20.0.0.61
NETMASK=255.0.0.0
GATEWAY=20.0.0.2
②控制节点配置VM1
[root@ct ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens37
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.0.0.61
NETMASK=255.0.0.0
#GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart network #重启网卡
③配置Hosts加入VM1的网址
[root@ct ~]# vi /etc/hosts
10.0.0.61 ct
10.0.0.62 c1
10.0.0.63 c2
④配置DNS
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 114.114.114.114
4、免交互
非对称密钥
[root@ct ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@ct ~]# ssh-copy-id ct
[root@ct ~]# ssh-copy-id c1
[root@ct ~]# ssh-copy-id c2
5、基础环境依赖包
##OpenStack 的 train 版本仓库源安装 包，同时安装 OpenStack 客户端和 openstack-selinux 安装包
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install net-tools bash-completion vim gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel expat-devel cmake bzip2
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install centos-release-openstack-train python-openstackclient openstack-selinux openstack-utils
6、时间同步+周期性计划任务
①控制节点ct时间同步配置
[root@ct ~]# yum install chrony -y
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
allow 20.0.0.0/24
②c1 c2时间同步配置
[root@ct ~]# yum install chrony -y
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
server ct iburst
③查看时间同步
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@ct ~]# chronyc sources ##使用 chronyc sources 命令查询时间同步信息
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* 203.107.6.88 2 6 17 0 +3559us[+3429us] +/- 25ms
④设置周期性任务
[root@ct ~]# crontab -e
*/2 * * * * /usr/bin/chronyc sources >> /var/log/chronyc.log
[root@ct ~]# crontab -l
*/2 * * * * /usr/bin/chronyc sources >> /var/log/chronyc.log
三、系统环境配置（控制节点ct）
1、安装、配置MariaDB
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL ##此包用于openstack的控制端连接mysql所需要的模块，如果不安装，则无法连接数据库；此包只安装在控制端
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install libibverbs
2、添加MySQL子配置文件，增加如下内容
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address = 10.0.0.61 #控制节点局域网地址
default-storage-engine = innodb #默认存储引擎
innodb_file_per_table = on #每张表独立表空间文件
max_connections = 4096 #最大连接数
collation-server = utf8_general_ci #默认字符集
character-set-server = utf8
[root@ct my.cnf.d]# systemctl enable mariadb ##开机自启动
[root@ct my.cnf.d]# systemctl start mariadb ##开启服务
[root@ct my.cnf.d]# mysql_secure_installation ##执行MariaDB 安全配置脚本
Enter current password for root (enter for none): #回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] N
... skipping.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
注意：配置文件中不要有任何的注释，否则会导致数据库连接不上
3、安装RabbitMQ
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install rabbitmq-server ##所有创建虚拟机的指令，控制端都会发送到rabbitmq，node节点监听rabbitmq
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service ##开机启动
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service ##启动RabbitMQ服务
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS ##创建消息队列用户,用于controler和node节点连接rabbitmq的认证
Creating user "openstack"
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*" ##配置openstack用户的操作权限(正则，配置读写权限）
Setting permissions for user "openstack" in vhost "/" ##可查看25672和5672 两个端口（5672是Rabbitmq默认端口，25672是Rabbit的测试工具CLI的端口）
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmq-plugins list ##查看rabbitmq插件列表
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management ##开启rabbitmq的web管理界面的插件，端口为15672
[root@ct my.cnf.d]# ss -natp | grep 5672
LISTEN 0 128 *:25672 *:* users:(("beam.smp",pid=24596,fd=46))
LISTEN 0 128 :::5672 :::* users:(("beam.smp",pid=24596,fd=55))
##可访问20.0.0.61:15672，默认账号密码均为guest
4、安装memcached
作用：
安装memcached是用于存储session信息；服务身份验证机制使用Memcached来缓存令牌 在登录openstack的dashboard时，会产生一些session信息，这些session信息会存放到memcached中
session会话管理 服务对象是memcached或者keystone
##安装Memcached
[root@ct ~]# yum install -y memcached python-memcached
##python-*模块在OpenStack中起到连接数据库的作用
##修改Memcached配置文件
[root@ct ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,**ct"**
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable memcached
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start memcached
[root@ct ~]# netstat -nautp | grep 11211
##安装etcd
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install etcd
##修改etcd配置文件
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ##数据目录位置
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://10.0.0.61:2380" ##监听其他etcd member的url（2380端口，集群之间通讯，域名为无效值）
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.0.61:2379" ##对外提供服务的地址（2379端口，集群内部的通讯端口）
ETCD_NAME="ct" ##集群中节点标识（名称）
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://10.0.0.61:2380" ##该节点成员的URL地址，2380端口：用于集群之间通讯。
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.0.61:2379
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="ct=http://10.0.0.61:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01" ##集群唯一标识
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" ##初始集群状态，new为静态，若为existing，则表示此ETCD服务将尝试加入已有的集群
##若为DNS，则表示此集群将作为被加入的对象
##开机自启动、开启服务，检测端口
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable etcd.service
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
[root@ct ~]# netstat -anutp |grep 2379
tcp 0 0 10.0.0.61:2379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 45053/etcd
tcp 0 0 10.0.0.61:2379 10.0.0.61:56938 ESTABLISHED 45053/etcd
tcp 0 0 10.0.0.61:56938 10.0.0.61:2379 ESTABLISHED 45053/etcd
[root@ct ~]# netstat -anutp |grep 2380
tcp 0 0 10.0.0.61:2380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 45053/etcd
四、安装keyston
部署openstack组件时，需先行安装认证服务（keystone），openstack的管理端负责创建虚拟机过程的调度，通过openstack管理端创建虚拟机的相关数据最终都会记录到mysql（mariadb）中；node节点没有权限往数据库中写数据，只有控制端有权限，并且node节点与控制端通讯是通过rabbitmq间接通讯，node节点会监听rabbitmq，控制端也会监听rabbitmq，控制端把创建虚拟机的指令发送到rabbitmq，由监听rabbitmq指定队列的node节点接收消息并创建虚拟机；
1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
[root@ct ~]# mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> create database keystone;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
2、安装、配置keystone
mod_wsgi包的作用是让apache能够代理pythone程序的组件；openstack的各个组件，包括API都是用python写的，但访问的是apache，apache会把请求转发给python去处理,这些包只安装在controler节点
##安装keystone、httpd、mod_wsgi
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi
[root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/keystone/keystone.conf{,.bak}
[root@ct ~]# grep -Ev "^$|#" /etc/keystone/keystone.conf.bak > /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
##通过pymysql模块访问mysql，指定用户名密码、数据库的域名、数据库名
[root@ct ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@ct/keystone
##指定token的提供者；提供者就是keystone自己本身
[root@ct ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf token provider fernet
#Fernet：一种安全的消息传递格式
3、初始化认证服务数据库
初始化fernet 密钥存储库(以下命令会生成两个密钥，生成的密钥放于/etc/keystone/目录下，用于加密数据）
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
[root@ct ]# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
[root@ct ]# keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
4、配置bootstrap身份认证服务
此步骤是初始化openstack，会把openstack的admin用户的信息写入到mysql的user表中，以及url等其他信息写入到mysql的相关表中；
admin-url是管理网(如公有云内部openstack管理网络)，用于管理虚拟机的扩容或删除；如果共有网络和管理网是一个网络，则当业务量大时，会造成无法通过openstack的控制端扩容虚拟机，所以需要一个管理网；
internal-url是内部网络，进行数据传输，如虚拟机访问存储和数据库、zookeeper等中间件，这个网络是不能被外网访问的，只能用于企业内部访问
public-url是共有网络，可以给用户访问的(如公有云) #但是此环境没有这些网络，则公用同一个网络
5000端口是keystone提供认证的端口
需要在haproxy服务器上添加一条listen
各种网络的url需要指定controler节点的域名，一般是haproxy的vip的域名（高可用模式）
[root@ct ~]# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS \
--bootstrap-admin-url http://ct:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-internal-url http://ct:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-public-url http://ct:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-region-id RegionOne #指定一个区域名称
5、配置Apache HTTP服务器
安装完mod_wsgi包后，会生成 wsgi-keystone.conf 这个文件，文件中配置了虚拟主机及监听了5000端口，mod_wsgi就是python的网关
[root@ct ~]# echo "ServerName controller" >> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
##创建配置文件
[root@ct ~]# ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/
##开启服务
[root@ct conf.d]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@ct conf.d]# systemctl start httpd
6、配置管理员账户的环境变量
这些环境变量用于创建角色和项目使用，但是创建角色和项目需要有认证信息，所以通过环境变量声明用户名和密码等认证信息，欺骗openstack已经登录且通过认证，这样就可以创建项目和角色；也就是把admin用户的验证信息通过声明环境变量的方式传递给openstack进行验证，实现针对openstack的非交互式操作,经常用在调用api
[root@ct ~]# cat >> ~/.bashrc << EOF
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://ct:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
EOF
[root@ct ~]# source ~/.bashrc
注意：配置文件中不要包含任何的注释，否则服务启动不了
7、通过配置环境变量，可以使用openstack命令进行一些操作，示例
[root@ct ~]# openstack user list
+----------------------------------+-------+
| ID | Name |
+----------------------------------+-------+
| c9148d6350f540feab1a03dc783bbd6f | admin |
+----------------------------------+-------+
五、创建OpenStack 域、项目、用户和角色
##创建一个项目（project），创建在指定的domain（域）中，指定描述信息，project名称为service（可使用openstack domain list 查询）
[root@ct ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Service Project |
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 1298ea1e73dd47aa95f79b19a111343b |
| is_domain | False |
| name | service |
| options | {} |
| parent_id | default |
| tags | [] |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
##创建角色（可使用openstack role list查看）
[root@ct ~]# openstack role create user
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | None |
| domain_id | None |
| id | 8cd77d6021ca4bc4982cb68ec6db46d3 |
| name | user |
| options | {} |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
##查看openstack 角色列表
[root@ct ~]# openstack role list
+----------------------------------+--------+
| ID | Name |
+----------------------------------+--------+
| 43dc6162c5af46e583b22fa57a669dc7 | admin |
| 7517eac6f6ad4d3f956dc6be2bd9167c | reader |
| 8cd77d6021ca4bc4982cb68ec6db46d3 | user |
| a2583ff2c6ff45a890035dbfda99dc39 | member |
+----------------------------------+--------+
# admin：管理员
# member：租户
# user：用户
##查看是否可以不指定密码就可以获取到token信息（验证认证服务）
[root@ct ~]# openstack token issue
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires | 2020-12-21T15:09:36+0000 |
| id | gAAAAABf4KygKayEaERQ8Td4H-qUT9yeWSdKi9fjeyLORPdDhcEP75jss_w9YsfnE-JQXB3S0du56CRYcyCx8LatBjbhfqmhIGvEHSxJTLwB42Foel3aqS-MKKuQ4GknqWqNHHz8d8LJTfXffNMgyqEMFjWQIMlCa6cnH2hrEg3uGcL-9-cZyhM |
| project_id | 2aeba0d868064833b8eb7b725836f85f |
| user_id | c9148d6350f540feab1a03dc783bbd6f |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
补充说明：
Keystone 组件是作为OpenStack 集群中统一认证、授权的模块，其核心功能就是针对于User（用户）、Tenant（租户）、Role（角色）、Token（令牌/凭证）的控制（手工编译部署即围绕此功能展开的）
User：使用 openstack 的用户。
Tenant：租户,可以理解为一个人、项目或者组织拥有的资源的合集。在一个租户中可以拥有很多个用户，这些用户可以根据权限的划分使用租户中的资源。
Role：角色，用于分配操作的权限。角色可以被指定给用户，使得该用户获得角色对应的操作权限。
Token：指的是一串比特值或者字符串，用来作为访问资源的记号。Token 中含有可访问资源的范围和有效时间，token 是用户的一种凭证，需要使用正确的用户名和密码向 Keystone 服务申请才能得到 token。
六、Glance组件部署
OpenStack上创建虚拟机需要镜像支持，所以先行进行部署
部署思路：
1、创建数据库、授权
2、创建openstack用户、授权、管理
3、修改配置文件（glance-api.conf、glance-registry.conf）
4、初始化数据库、上传实例镜像
1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
[root@ct ~]# mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
2、创建OpenStack的Glance用户
##创建用户前，需要首先执行管理员环境变量脚本（此处已经在~/.bashrc 中定义过了）
##创建glance用户
[root@ct ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password GLANCE_PASS glance
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 55cf9f286e924e5fab460ee697a2eb18 |
| name | glance |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
##将glance用户添加到service项目中，并且针对这个项目拥有admin权限；注册glance的API，需要对service项目有admin权限
[root@ct ~]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
##创建一个service服务，service名称为glance，类型为image；创建完成后可以通过 openstack service list 查看
[root@ct ~]# openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Image |
| enabled | True |
| id | c984a5d16ff44f49af12f7f139aab847 |
| name | glance |
| type | image |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
3、创建镜像服务 API 端点
##OpenStack使用三种API端点代表三种服务：admin、internal、public
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://ct:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 4e68aa0ce1f1420ea5c1126f6a5e9157 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | c984a5d16ff44f49af12f7f139aab847 |
| service_name | glance |
| service_type | image |
| url | http://ct:9292 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://ct:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | f92d6994ecdd463598e525525d97c426 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | c984a5d16ff44f49af12f7f139aab847 |
| service_name | glance |
| service_type | image |
| url | http://ct:9292 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://ct:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 4644eb3add31464cbb71ff403f864034 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | c984a5d16ff44f49af12f7f139aab847 |
| service_name | glance |
| service_type | image |
| url | http://ct:9292 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
4、修改配置文件
##安装 openstack-glance 软件包。
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-glance
##修改glance配置文件，glance有两个配置文件：
/etc/glance/glance-api.conf
/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
##备份、过滤注释信息
[root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/glance/glance-api.conf{,.bak}
[root@ct ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/glance/glance-api.conf.bak > /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
##备份、过滤注释信息
[root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf{,.bak}
[root@ct ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf.bak > /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
[root@ct ~]# vim glance-api.conf.sh
#!/bin/bash
#传入修改的参数
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@ct/glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken username glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken password GLANCE_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf paste_deploy flavor keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store stores file,http
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store default_store file
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store filesystem_store_datadir /var/lib/glance/images/
[root@ct ~]# vim glance-registry.conf.sh
#!/bin/bash
#修改配置文件参数
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@ct/glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken username glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken password GLANCE_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf paste_deploy flavor keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store stores file,http
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store default_store file
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store filesystem_store_datadir /var/lib/glance/images/
##运行命令脚本
[root@ct ~]# sh glance-api.conf.sh
[root@ct ~]# sh glance-registry.conf.sh
##查看glance-api.conf配置文件
[root@ct ct]# cat /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[DEFAULT]
[cinder]
[cors]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@ct/glance
[file]
[glance.store.http.store]
[glance.store.rbd.store]
[glance.store.sheepdog.store]
[glance.store.swift.store]
[glance.store.vmware_datastore.store]
[glance_store]
stores = file,http #存储类型，file：文件，http：基于api调用的方式，把镜像放到其他存储上
default_store = file #默认存储方式
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/ ##指定镜像存放的本地目录
[image_format]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://ct:5000 ##指定认证的keystone的URL
auth_url = http://ct:5000
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service #glance用户针对service项目拥有admin权限
username = glance
password = GLANCE_PASS
[oslo_concurrency]
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone #指定提供认证的服务器为keystone
[profiler]
[store_type_location_strategy]
[task]
[taskflow_executor]
#修改参数(配置与glance-api.conf相同）
[root@ct ct]# vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
[DEFAULT]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@ct/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://ct:5000
auth_url = http://ct:5000
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = GLANCE_PASS
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_policy]
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
[profiler]
5、初始化glance数据库，生成相关表结构
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Context impl MySQLImpl.
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Will assume non-transactional DDL.
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1280, u"Name 'alembic_version_pkc' ignored for PRIMARY key.")
result = self._query(query)
·
·
·
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Context impl MySQLImpl.
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Will assume non-transactional DDL.
Database is synced successfully.
###不管有多少个controler，只需要初始化一次即可
6、开启glance服务
##开机自启
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-glance-api.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-glance-api.service.
##此处开启之后会生成存放镜像的目录/var/lib/glance/image
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service
##查看端口（也可以使用lsof -i:9292 ）
[root@ct ~]# netstat -natp | grep 9292
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9292 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24370/python2
##赋予openstack-glance-api.service服务对存储设备的可写权限（-h：值对符号连接/软链接的文件修改)
[root@ct ~]# chown -hR glance:glance /var/lib/glance/
7、镜像导入
##导入cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img镜像
[root@ct ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg glance-api.conf.sh original-ks.cfg
cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img glance-registry.conf.sh
[root@ct ~]# openstack image create --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public cirros
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum | f8ab98ff5e73ebab884d80c9dc9c7290 |
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2020-12-21T14:02:29Z |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| file | /v2/images/4aa148c2-2abf-4826-9ab9-4108c5483841/file |
| id | 4aa148c2-2abf-4826-9ab9-4108c5483841 |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | cirros |
| owner | 2aeba0d868064833b8eb7b725836f85f |
| properties | os_hash_algo='sha512', os_hash_value='f0fd1b50420dce4ca382ccfbb528eef3a38bbeff00b54e95e3876b9bafe7ed2d6f919ca35d9046d437c6d2d8698b1174a335fbd66035bb3edc525d2cdb187232', os_hidden='False' |
| protected | False |
| schema | /v2/schemas/image |
| size | 13267968 |
| status | active |
| tags | |
| updated_at | 2020-12-21T14:02:30Z |
| virtual_size | None |
| visibility | public |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
8、查看镜像的两种方式
[root@ct ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 4aa148c2-2abf-4826-9ab9-4108c5483841 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
[root@ct ~]# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| ID | Name |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| 4aa148c2-2abf-4826-9ab9-4108c5483841 | cirros |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
七、Placement组件部署
1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
[root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.
...
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE placement;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PLACEMENT_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'PLACEMENT_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
2、创建Placement服务用户和API的endpoint
1）创建placement用户
[root@ct ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password PLACEMENT_PASS placement
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 21516a4203fa4292898da784c976df6f |
| name | placement |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
2）给与placement用户对service项目拥有admin权限
[root@ct ~]# openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
3）创建一个placement服务，服务类型为placement
[root@ct ~]# openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Placement API |
| enabled | True |
| id | 9074912228884fa1802b474a2a6d53fd |
| name | placement |
| type | placement |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
4）注册API端口到placement的service中；注册的信息会写入到mysql中
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://ct:8778
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 34a05fb7bde0470aa02db4b19a5e5d1e |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 9074912228884fa1802b474a2a6d53fd |
| service_name | placement |
| service_type | placement |
| url | http://ct:8778 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://ct:8778
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 3c84e9d1a3d344daaa51c9750b53df91 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 9074912228884fa1802b474a2a6d53fd |
| service_name | placement |
| service_type | placement |
| url | http://ct:8778 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://ct:8778
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 4bdec54eb9a84611a9e344515e886b19 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 9074912228884fa1802b474a2a6d53fd |
| service_name | placement |
| service_type | placement |
| url | http://ct:8778 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
5）安装placement服务
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-placement-api
6）修改placement配置文件
#修改配置文件
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/placement/placement.conf.bak > /etc/placement/placement.conf
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf placement_database connection mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf api auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken username placement
openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken password PLACEMENT_PASS
#查看placement配置文件
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/placement/placement.conf
[DEFAULT]
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[cors]
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3 #指定keystone地址
memcached_servers = ct:11211 #session信息是缓存放到了memcached中
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS
[oslo_policy]
[placement]
[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
[profiler]
7）导入数据库
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1280, u"Name 'alembic_version_pkc' ignored for PRIMARY key.")
result = self._query(query)
8）修改Apache配置文件
00-placemenct-api.conf（安装完placement服务后会自动创建该文件-虚拟主机配置 ）
#虚拟主机配置文件
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf #安装完placement会自动创建此文件
Listen 8778
WSGIProcessGroup placement-api
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
WSGIDaemonProcess placement-api processes=3 threads=1 user=placement group=placement
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/placement-api
= 2.4>
ErrorLogFormat "%M"
ErrorLog /var/log/placement/placement-api.log
#SSLEngine On
#SSLCertificateFile ...
#SSLCertificateKeyFile ...
Alias /placement-api /usr/bin/placement-api
SetHandler wsgi-script
Options +ExecCGI
WSGIProcessGroup placement-api
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
#此处是bug，必须添加下面的配置来启用对placement api的访问，否则在访问apache的
= 2.4> #api时会报403；添加在文件的最后即可
Require all granted
#apache版本；允许apache访问/usr/bin目录；否则/usr/bin/placement-api将不允许被访问
Order allow,deny
Allow from all #允许apache访问
9）重新启动apache
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart httpd
10）测试
① curl 测试访问
[root@ct ~]# curl ct:8778
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "min_version": "1.0", "max_version": "1.36", "id": "v1.0", "links": [{"href": "", "rel": "self"}]}]}You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
② 查看端口占用（netstat、lsof）
[root@ct ~]# netstat -natp | grep 8778
tcp6 0 0 :::8778 :::* LISTEN 12629/httpd
③ 检查placement状态
[root@ct ~]# placement-status upgrade check
+----------------------------------+
| Upgrade Check Results |
+----------------------------------+
| Check: Missing Root Provider IDs |
| Result: Success |
| Details: None |
+----------------------------------+
| Check: Incomplete Consumers |
| Result: Success |
| Details: None |
+----------------------------------+
八、nova组件部署
控制节点ct
nova-api（nova主服务）
nova-scheduler（nova调度服务）
nova-conductor（nova数据库服务，提供数据库访问）
nova-novncproxy（nova的vnc服务，提供实例的控制台）
计算节点c1、c2
nova-compute（nova计算服务）
1、ct节点Nova服务配置
1）创建nova数据库，并执行授权操作
[root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
2）管理Nova用户及服务
创建nova用户
[root@ct ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password NOVA_PASS nova
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 71168f5a12774ef781a7eceb17bbe7ac |
| name | nova |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
把nova用户添加到service项目，拥有admin权限
[root@ct ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
创建nova服务
[root@ct ~]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Compute |
| enabled | True |
| id | 59873f448a9e4f43af804d3df4b0e0c6 |
| name | nova |
| type | compute |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
给Nova服务关联endpoint（端点）
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://ct:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | ca6575467c9349efa297699b6ada2ed5 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 59873f448a9e4f43af804d3df4b0e0c6 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://ct:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | a70baacad73348f9ae598f3f8aa50815 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 59873f448a9e4f43af804d3df4b0e0c6 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://ct:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | d0f728e693574be4994e661b42074f2e |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 59873f448a9e4f43af804d3df4b0e0c6 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
安装nova组件（nova-api、nova-conductor、nova-novncproxy、nova-scheduler）
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler
修改nova配置文件(nova.conf)
cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
#修改nova.conf
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 10.0.0.61 ####修改为 ct的IP（内部IP）
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api_database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova_api
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement_database connection mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password NOVA_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen ' $my_ip'
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address ' $my_ip'
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://ct:9292
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password PLACEMENT_PASS
#查看nova.conf
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata #指定支持的api类型
my_ip = 10.0.0.61 #定义本地IP
use_neutron = true #通过neutron获取IP地址
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct #指定连接的rabbitmq
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone #指定使用keystone认证
[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova_api
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://ct:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken] #配置keystone的认证信息
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3 #到此url去认证
memcached_servers = ct:11211 #memcache数据库地址:端口
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency] #指定锁路径
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp #锁的作用是创建虚拟机时，在执行某个操作的时候，需要等此步骤执行完后才能执行下一个步骤，不能并行执行，保证操作是一步一步的执行
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS
[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc] #此处如果配置不正确，则连接不上虚拟机的控制台
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip #指定vnc的监听地址
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip #server的客户端地址为本机地址；此地址是管理网的地址
[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]
[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
初始化nova_api数据库
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
注册cell0数据库；nova服务内部把资源划分到不同的cell中，把计算节点划分到不同的cell中；openstack内部基于cell把计算节点进行逻辑上的分组
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
创建cell1单元格
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
9b5c500b-af45-4903-a928-bad04078fa3a
初始化nova数据库；可以通过 /var/log/nova/nova-manage.log 日志判断是否初始化成功
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u'Duplicate index `block_device_mapping_instance_uuid_virtual_name_device_name_idx`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release')
result = self._query(query)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u'Duplicate index `uniq_instances0uuid`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release')
result = self._query(query)
验证cell0和cell1组件是否注册成功
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova
+-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
| Name | UUID | Transport URL | Database Connection | Disabled |
+-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
| cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 | none:/ | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@ct/nova_cell0 | False |
| cell1 | 9b5c500b-af45-4903-a928-bad04078fa3a | rabbit://openstack:****@ct | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@ct/nova | False |
+-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
启动Nova服务
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
检查nova服务端口
[root@ct ~]# netstat -tnlup|egrep '8774|8775'
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8775 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16940/python2
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8774 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16940/python2
[root@ct ~]# curl http://ct:8774
2、c1节点配置Nova服务
1）安装nova-compute组件
[root@c1 ~]# yum -y install openstack-nova-compute
2）修改配置文件
#编辑计算节点节点Nova配置文件（c1和c2、只有IP不同）
cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 20.0.0.62 #修改为对应节点的内部IP
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password NOVA_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen 0.0.0.0
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address ' $my_ip'
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc novncproxy_base_url http://20.0.0.61:6080/vnc_auto.html
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://ct:9292
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password PLACEMENT_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt virt_type qemu
#配置文件内容如下：
[root@c1 ~]# cat /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
my_ip = 20.0.0.62
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[api_database]
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://ct:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
[libvirt]
virt_type = qemu
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS
[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://192.168.100.11:6080/vnc_auto.html #比较特殊的地方，需要手动添加IP地址，否则之后搭建成功后，无法通过UI控制台访问到内部虚拟机
[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]
3）开启服务
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-compute.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-compute.service.
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
3、c2节点配置Nova服务
和c1相同，只是ip地址不同
4、ct上查看c1、c2是否注册成功
1）ct查看compute节点是否注册到controller上
通过消息队列；需要在controller节点执行
[root@ct ~]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
+----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At |
+----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| 8 | nova-compute | c1 | nova | enabled | up | 2021-02-02T02:40:49.000000 |
| 9 | nova-compute | c2 | nova | enabled | up | 2021-02-02T02:40:48.000000 |
+----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
2）扫描当前openstack中有哪些计算节点可用
发现后会把计算节点创建到cell中，后面就可以在cell中创建虚拟机；相当于openstack内部对计算节点进行分组，把计算节点分配到不同的cell中
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
Found 2 cell mappings.
Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts.
Getting computes from cell 'cell1': 9b5c500b-af45-4903-a928-bad04078fa3a
Checking host mapping for compute host 'c2': 690c36b3-38fc-4a76-8b54-077194ba04d9
Creating host mapping for compute host 'c2': 690c36b3-38fc-4a76-8b54-077194ba04d9
Found 1 unmapped computes in cell: 9b5c500b-af45-4903-a928-bad04078fa3a
3）默认每次添加个计算节点
在控制端就需要执行一次扫描，这样会很麻烦，所以可以修改控制端nova的主配置文件
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[scheduler]
discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300 #每300秒扫描一次
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
4）验证计算节点服务
检查 nova 的各个服务是否都是正常，以及 compute 服务是否注册成功
[root@ct ~]# openstack compute service list
+----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At |
+----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| 4 | nova-conductor | ct | internal | enabled | up | 2021-02-02T02:46:10.000000 |
| 5 | nova-scheduler | ct | internal | enabled | up | 2021-02-02T02:46:11.000000 |
| 8 | nova-compute | c1 | nova | enabled | up | 2021-02-02T02:46:09.000000 |
| 9 | nova-compute | c2 | nova | enabled | up | 2021-02-02T02:46:08.000000 |
+----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
查看各个组件的 api 是否正常
[root@ct ~]# openstack catalog list
+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| Name | Type | Endpoints |
+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| nova | compute | RegionOne |
| | | internal: http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | public: http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | admin: http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
| | | |
| placement | placement | RegionOne |
| | | public: http://ct:8778 |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | internal: http://ct:8778 |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | admin: http://ct:8778 |
| | | |
| glance | image | RegionOne |
| | | public: http://ct:9292 |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | admin: http://ct:9292 |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | internal: http://ct:9292 |
| | | |
| keystone | identity | RegionOne |
| | | internal: http://ct:5000/v3/ |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | admin: http://ct:5000/v3/ |
| | | RegionOne |
| | | public: http://ct:5000/v3/ |
| | | |
+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
查看是否能够拿到镜像
[root@ct ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 4aa148c2-2abf-4826-9ab9-4108c5483841 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
查看cell的api和placement的api是否正常，只要其中一个有误，后期无法创建虚拟机
[root@ct ~]# nova-status upgrade check
+--------------------------------+
| Upgrade Check Results |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Cells v2 |
| Result: Success |
| Details: None |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Placement API |
| Result: Success |
| Details: None |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Ironic Flavor Migration |
| Result: Success |
| Details: None |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Cinder API |
| Result: Success |
| Details: None |
+--------------------------------+
九、neutron组件部署
1、创建数据库neutron，并进行授权
[root@ct ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE neutron;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
2、创建neutron用户，用于在keystone做认证
[root@ct ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password NEUTRON_PASS neutron
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | a160737237234196be3e4830f6657f42 |
| name | neutron |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
3、将neutron用户添加到service项目中拥有管理员权限
[root@ct ~]# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
4、创建network服务，服务类型为network
[root@ct ~]# openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Networking |
| enabled | True |
| id | 146efcacedce4502bf89d05b554c8181 |
| name | neutron |
| type | network |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
5、注册API到neutron服务，给neutron服务关联端口，即添加endpoint
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://ct:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | d95ce5bca03e4b348e6d3004ec227466 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 146efcacedce4502bf89d05b554c8181 |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://ct:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://ct:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 4b69faee9be945f0b272658233fc126f |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 146efcacedce4502bf89d05b554c8181 |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://ct:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://ct:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 7690ac1a9f2245b886b74f212a5b2d60 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 146efcacedce4502bf89d05b554c8181 |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://ct:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
6、安装提供者网络(桥接)
ebtables 包是用来管理iptables规则的
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables conntrack-tools
7、修改配置文件
修改主配置文件
#修改主配置文件neutron.conf
cp -a /etc/neutron/neutron.conf{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/neutron.conf.bak > /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@ct/neutron
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT core_plugin ml2
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT service_plugins router
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT allow_overlapping_ips true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT notify_nova_on_port_status_changes true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT notify_nova_on_port_data_changes true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken username neutron
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken password NEUTRON_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/neutron/tmp
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova project_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova user_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova username nova
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova password NOVA_PASS
#查看配置文件
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2 #启用二层网络插件
service_plugins = router #启用三层网络插件
allow_overlapping_ips = true
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
auth_strategy = keystone #配置rabbitmq连接
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true #当网络接口发生变化时，通知给计算节点
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true #当端口数据发生变化，通知计算节点
[cors]
[database] #配置数据库连接
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@ct/neutron
[keystone_authtoken] #配置keystone认证信息
www_authenticate_uri = http://ct:5000
auth_url = http://ct:5000
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
[oslo_concurrency] #配置锁路径
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[privsep]
[ssl]
[nova] #neutron需要给nova返回数据
auth_url = http://ct:5000 #到keystone认证nova
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova #通过nova的用户名和密码到keystone验证nova的token
password = NOVA_PASS
修改 ML2 plugin 配置文件 ml2_conf.ini
#修改参数
cp -a /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini.bak > /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 type_drivers flat,vlan,vxlan
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 tenant_network_types vxlan
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 mechanism_drivers linuxbridge,l2population
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 extension_drivers port_security
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2_type_flat flat_networks provider
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2_type_vxlan vni_ranges 1:1000
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini securitygroup enable_ipset true
#查看配置文件
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[DEFAULT]
[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan #配置驱动类型；单一扁平网络(桥接)和vlan；让二层网络支持桥接，支持基于vlan做子网划分
tenant_network_types = vxlan #租户网络类型(vxlan）
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population #启用Linuxbridge和l2机制，(l2population机制是为了简化网络通信拓扑，减少网络广播)：
extension_drivers = port_security #启用端口安全扩展驱动程序，基于iptables实现访问控制；但配置了扩展安全组会导致一些端口限制，造成一些服务无法启动
[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider #配置公共虚拟网络为flat网络
[ml2_type_vxlan]
vni_ranges = 1:1000 #为私有网络配置VXLAN网络识别的网络范围
[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true #启用 ipset 增加安全组的方便性
修改 linux bridge network provider 配置文件
#Linux网桥
cp -a /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini.bak > /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini linux_bridge physical_interface_mappings provider:eth1 ###eth1网卡名称
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan enable_vxlan true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan local_ip 192.168.100.101 ##控制节点IP地址
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan l2_population true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup enable_security_group true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup firewall_driver neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
#查看配置文件
[DEFAULT]
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eth1 #指定上个文件中的桥接网络名称，与eth0物理网卡做关联，后期给虚拟机分配external网络，就可以通过eth0上外网；物理网卡有可能是bind0、br0等
[vxlan] #启用VXLAN覆盖网络，配置覆盖网络的物理网络接口的IP地址，启用layer－2 population
enable_vxlan = true #允许用户创建自定义网络(3层网络)
local_ip = 192.168.100.11
l2_population = true
[securitygroup] #启用安全组并配置 Linux 桥接 iptables 防火墙驱动
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
修改内核参数
[root@ct ~]# echo 'net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf #允许虚拟机的数据通过物理机出去
[root@ct ~]# echo 'net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@ct ~]# modprobe br_netfilter #modprobe：用于向内核中加载模块或者从内核中移除模块。modprobe -r 表示移除
[root@ct ~]# sysctl -p
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
配置Linuxbridge接口驱动和外部网络网桥
[root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini{,.bak}
[root@ct ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini.bak > /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
[root@ct ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini DEFAULT interface_driver linuxbridge
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
修改dhcp_agent 配置文件
cp -a /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini.bak > /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini DEFAULT interface_driver linuxbridge
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini DEFAULT dhcp_driver neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini DEFAULT enable_isolated_metadata true
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge #指定默认接口驱动为linux网桥
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq #指定DHCP驱动
enable_isolated_metadata = true #开启iso元数据
配置元数据代理、用于配置桥接与自服务网络的通用配置
cp -a /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini.bak > /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini DEFAULT nova_metadata_host ct
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini DEFAULT metadata_proxy_shared_secret METADATA_SECRET
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
nova_metadata_host = ct
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
[cache]
修改nova配置文件，用于neutron交互
#修改CT配置文件
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron url http://ct:9696
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron user_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron username neutron
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron password NEUTRON_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron service_metadata_proxy true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron metadata_proxy_shared_secret METADATA_SECRET
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
my_ip = 10.0.0.61
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova_api
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://ct:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
url = http://ct:9696
auth_url = http://ct:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS
[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]
[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
8、创建ML2插件文件符号连接
网络服务初始化脚本需要/etc/neutron/plugin.ini指向ML2插件配置文件的符号链接
[root@ct ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
9、初始化数据库
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
> --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Context impl MySQLImpl.
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Will assume non-transactional DDL.
·
·
·
OK
10、重启计算节点nova-api服务
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
11、开启neutron服务、设置开机自启动
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service
[root@ct ~]# netstat -anutp |grep 9696
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9696 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21409/server.log
12、因为配置了第三层L3网络服务、所以需要启动第三层服务
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart neutron-l3-agent.service
13、c1 安装Neutron
ipset：iptables的扩展，允许匹配规则的集合而不仅仅是一个IP
[root@c1 ~]# yum -y install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset conntrack-tools
修改neutron.conf文件
【修改配置文件（C1、C2)】
cp -a /etc/neutron/neutron.conf{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/neutron.conf.bak > /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken username neutron
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken password NEUTRON_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/neutron/tmp
【查看配置文件】
[root@c1 neutron]# cat neutron.conf
[DEFAULT] #neutron的server端与agent端通讯也是通过rabbitmq进行通讯的
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
auth_strategy = keystone #认证策略：keystone
[cors]
[database]
[keystone_authtoken] #指定keystone认证的信息
www_authenticate_uri = http://ct:5000
auth_url = http://ct:5000
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
[oslo_concurrency] #配置锁路径（管理线程库）
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[privsep]
[ssl]
配置Linux网桥代理
【修改C1、C2 Linuxbridge网桥配置文件】
cp -a /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini{,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini.bak > /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini linux_bridge physical_interface_mappings provider:eth1
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan enable_vxlan true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan local_ip 10.0.0.62
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan l2_population true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup enable_security_group true
openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup firewall_driver neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
[root@c1 ~]# cat /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens34
● 直接将node节点external网络绑定在当前节点的指定的物理网卡，不需要node节点配置网络名称，node节点只需要接收controller节点指令即可；controller节点上配置的external网络名称是针对整个openstack环境生效的，所以指定external网络绑定在当前node节点的eth0物理网卡上(也可能是bind0或br0)
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = true #开启Vxlan网络
local_ip = 10.0.0.61
l2_population = true #L2 Population 是用来提高 VXLAN 网络扩展能力的组件
[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true #开启安全组
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver #指定安全组驱动文件
修改内核
[root@c1 ~]# echo 'net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf #允许虚拟机的数据通过物理机出去
[root@c1 ~]# echo 'net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@c1 ~]# modprobe br_netfilter #modprobe：用于向内核中加载模块或者从内核中移除模块。modprobe -r 表示移除
[root@c1 ~]# sysctl -p
修改nova.conf配置文件
【修改nova.conf配置文件的neutron字段-C1、C2节点】
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_url http://ct:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron user_domain_name default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron username neutron
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron password NEUTRON_PASS
#以下为修改字段内容
[neutron]
auth_url = http://ct:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
14、c2 安装Neutron
C2节点部署neutron服务（与C1节点相同）
15、验证服务组件【ct节点】
[root@ct ~]# openstack extension list --network
[root@ct ~]# openstack network agent list
十、 OpenStack-Dashboard组件部署
1、c1节点安装dashboard和httpd
因为在CT控制节点已安装httpd服务，而Dashboard控制台也需要httpd支持，所以此处可以在C1节点进行安装httpd
[root@c1 ~]# yum -y install openstack-dashboard httpd
2、修改local_setting本地控制台的配置文件
[root@c1 ~]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
#修改的内容如下：
#修改local_setting本地控制台的配置文件
import os #使用Python导入一个模块
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from openstack_dashboard.settings import HORIZON_CONFIG
DEBUG = False #不开启调式
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] #只允许通过列表中指定的域名访问dashboard；允许通过指定的IP地址及域名访问dahsboard；
['*']表示允许所有域名
LOCAL_PATH = '/tmp'
SECRET_KEY='f8ac039815265a99b64f'
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.file' #指定session引擎
CACHES = { #95-100行取消"#"注释
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
'LOCATION': 'ct:11211', #指定memcache地址及端口
}
}
#以下配置session信息存放到memcache中；session信息不仅可以存放到memcache中，也可以存放到其他地方
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend' #108行修改
OPENSTACK_HOST = "ct" #118-127行修改
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True #让dashboard支持域
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
"identity": 3,
"image": 2,
"volume": 3,
}
#配置openstack的API版本
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = { #132行到152行修改
'enable_auto_allocated_network': False,
'enable_distributed_router': False,
'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
'enable_ha_router': False,
'enable_lb': False,
'enable_firewall': False,
'enable_': False,
'enable_ipv6': True,
'enable_quotas': True,
'enable_rbac_policy': True,
'enable_router': True,
'default_dns_nameservers': [],
'supported_provider_types': ['*'],
'segmentation_id_range': {},
'extra_provider_types': {},
'supported_vnic_types': ['*'],
'physical_networks': [],
}
#定义使用的网络类型，[*]表示
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai" #156行修改
3、重启服务
重新生成openstack-dashboard.conf并重启Apache服务
（由于dashborad会重新复制代码文件，重启apache会比较慢）
[root@c1 ~]# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
[root@c1 openstack-dashboard]# python manage.py make_web_conf --apache > /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
重启 ct 节点的 memcache 服务
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart memcached.service
验证操作
打开浏览器，在地址栏中输入“http://20.0.0.62”，进入Dashboard登录页面。
在登录页面依次填写：“域：default、用户名：admin、密码:ADMIN_PASS”（在~.bashrc中已定义）
完成后，进行登陆
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-yotsUrKI-1613620863536)(D:/杂记/1/image-20210202143559953.png)]
``
[root@c1 ~]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
#修改的内容如下：
#修改local_setting本地控制台的配置文件
import os #使用Python导入一个模块
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from openstack_dashboard.settings import HORIZON_CONFIG
DEBUG = False #不开启调式
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [’’] #只允许通过列表中指定的域名访问dashboard；允许通过指定的IP地址及域名访问dahsboard；
[’’]表示允许所有域名
LOCAL_PATH = ‘/tmp’
SECRET_KEY=‘f8ac039815265a99b64f’
SESSION_ENGINE = ‘django.contrib.sessions.backends.file’ #指定session引擎
CACHES = { #95-100行取消"#"注释
‘default’: {
‘BACKEND’: ‘django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache’,
‘LOCATION’: ‘ct:11211’, #指定memcache地址及端口
}
}
#以下配置session信息存放到memcache中；session信息不仅可以存放到memcache中，也可以存放到其他地方
EMAIL_BACKEND = ‘django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend’ #108行修改
OPENSTACK_HOST = “ct” #118-127行修改
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = “http://%s:5000/v3” % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True #让dashboard支持域
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
“identity”: 3,
“image”: 2,
“volume”: 3,
}
#配置openstack的API版本
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = “Default”
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = “user”
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = { #132行到152行修改
‘enable_auto_allocated_network’: False,
‘enable_distributed_router’: False,
‘enable_fip_topology_check’: False,
‘enable_ha_router’: False,
‘enable_lb’: False,
‘enable_firewall’: False,
‘enable_’: False,
‘enable_ipv6’: True,
‘enable_quotas’: True,
‘enable_rbac_policy’: True,
‘enable_router’: True,
‘default_dns_nameservers’: [],
‘supported_provider_types’: [’’],
‘segmentation_id_range’: {},
‘extra_provider_types’: {},
‘supported_vnic_types’: [’’],
‘physical_networks’: [],
}
#定义使用的网络类型，[*]表示
TIME_ZONE = “Asia/Shanghai” #156行修改
### 3、重启服务
重新生成openstack-dashboard.conf并重启Apache服务
（由于dashborad会重新复制代码文件，重启apache会比较慢）
[root@c1 ~]# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
[root@c1 openstack-dashboard]# python manage.py make_web_conf --apache > /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
重启 ct 节点的 memcache 服务
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart memcached.service
验证操作
打开浏览器，在地址栏中输入“http://20.0.0.62”，进入Dashboard登录页面。
在登录页面依次填写：“域：default、用户名：admin、密码:ADMIN_PASS”（在~.bashrc中已定义）
完成后，进行登陆
[外链图片转存中...(img-yotsUrKI-1613620863536)]