SWAY(noun)
1 .英英释义:power to rule or influence people
例句:Some old attitudes still hold sway in rural areas.
2. 为什么选这个词?
前面我们学过“sway”作及物动词表示“影响、使动摇”,其实“sway”做名词也同样常见,可以表示同样的意思。了解它不同词性的用法,可以丰富我们表达的多样性。
“sway”的常见搭配主要有两个:under somebody's sway 和 hold sway over somebody。
我们分别来看两个例子。之前在学习“sway”的动词用法时,我们有一个例句是:Across much of the West, people are swayed by populist politicians.(现在很多西方国家的民众都受到民粹主义政客的摆布。)
把这里的“sway”换成名词,就可以改写成:Across much of the West, people are under the sway of populist politicians.或者 Across much of the West, populist politicians hold sway over people/the electorate.(句中的 electorate 是集体名词,相当于 people,表示“全体选民”)
英文中有个习语叫“Old habits die hard”,意思是“本性难移”,已经养成的习惯会持续影响我们。我们也可以用“sway”把它改写成: Old habits hold sway over us.
举一反三,比如我们经常会说偏远地区人们的观念陈旧,根深蒂固,就可以说:Some old attitudes still hold sway in rural areas.
《经济学人》在一篇关于 Facebook 对美国竞选影响的文章中,就用到了 sway: Where Facebook will hold most sway in this election is as an important advertising platform.
这句话是说 Facebook 将会在美国选举中发挥重大影响。这里的 hold most sway 就是“最具影响力”,most 是修饰 sway 的程度之大,我们常常可以在 sway 前面加上形容词强调影响力的程度。
大家在阅读中要有“温故而知新”的意识,注意一个词的不同词性,以及各自的常见搭配。这样在自己写作的时候,就可以写出更灵活、地道的句子了。
个人拓展:
Formal uncountable noun
//come/ fall under the sway of sb.
under somebody's sway / hold sway over somebody
//to hold sway: to be master; reign
//under the sway of hunger /style
//exercise/ command much sway
//the most /enough/ limitless sway
The country is under the sway of a tyrant. 注意与后一句的同义替换//people under the sway of the dictator 注意:the的两次出现
背诵:
同义词:sway, power, authority, jurisdiction, control, command
Old habits die hard. = Old habits hold sway over us.
Where Facebook will hold most sway in this election is as an important advertising platform.