编译WRF及第一次运行记录

O NOTE

Before steps below, please ensure that there are at least 40G spare disk space, because the image will be very large after all steps:

If there is a little disk space left, try to change the location of the image.
method reference:【Docker】win10上修改docker的镜像文件存储位置（九）- 通过WSL2修改

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Ⅰ My PC’s environments

Windows-home
win-Docker
Docker-CentOS:latest

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Ⅱ Preparation

Ⅱ.1 Install some requirements

yum install -y gcc gcc-gfortran gcc-c++ which perl csh git wget make tar m4 libXrender libXext fontconfig

I will use gcc to compile WRF and WPS in the following steps.

check it’s version

gcc -version  # ensure version >= 4.6

create directories

cd /opt
mkdir Build_WRF Test

Ⅱ.2 Verify that the Fortran compiler is built properly and that it’s compatitble with the C compiler

download test files

cd Test
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/Fortran_C_tests.tar
tar -xf Fortran_C_test.tar

Test 1

gfortran TEST_1_fortran_only_fixed.f
./a.out 

output should be:

SUCCESS test 1 fortran only fixed format

Teat 2

gfortran TEST_2_fortran_only_free.f90
./a.out

output should be:

Assume Fortran 2003: has FLUSH, ALLOCATABLE, derived type, and ISO C Binding
SUCCESS test 2 fortran only free format

Test 3

gcc TEST_3_c_only.c
./a.out

output should be:

SUCCESS test 3 c only

Test 4

gcc -c -m64 TEST_4_fortran+c_c.c
gfortran -c -m64 TEST_4_fortran+c_f.f90
gfortran -m64 TEST_4_fortran+c_f.o TEST_4_fortran+c_c.o
./a.out

output should be:

C function called by Fortran
Values are xx = 2.00 and ii = 1
SUCCESS test 4 fortran calling c

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Ⅲ Build libraries

Ⅲ.1 Download compressed files

cd Build_WRF
mkdir LIBRARIES
cd LIBRARIES
mkdir tar untar
cd tar

wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/mpich-3.0.4.tar.gz
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/netcdf-4.1.3.tar.gz
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/jasper-1.900.1.tar.gz
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/libpng-1.2.50.tar.gz
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/zlib-1.2.7.tar.gz

# if it reports errors when commpiling WRF
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/time/time-1.9.tar.gz

Ⅲ.2 Set environment variables

csh  # change to Cshell
setenv DIR /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES
setenv CC gcc
setenv CXX g++
setenv FC gfortran
setenv FCFLAGS -m64
setenv F77 gfortran
setenv FFLAGS -m64
##Netcdf
setenv PATH $DIR/netcdf/bin:$PATH
setenv NETCDF $DIR/netcdf
##Mpich
setenv PATH $DIR/mpich/bin:$PATH
##Grib2
setenv GRIB2 $DIR/grib2
setenv JASPERLIB $GRIB2/lib
setenv JASPERINC $GRIB2/include
setenv LDFLAGS -L$GRIB2/lib
setenv CPPFLAGS -I$GRIB2/include
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $GRIB2/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $NETCDF/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

Ⅲ.3 Compile libraries

# NetCDF
cd /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES/tar
tar -xzf netcdf-4.1.3.tar.gz -C /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARY/untar
cd ../untar/netcdf-4.1.3
./configure --prefix=$DIR/netcdf --disable-dap --disable-netcdf-4 --disable-shared
make
make install
setenv PATH $DIR/netcdf/bin:$PATH
setenv NETCDF $DIR/netcdf

# mpich
tar -zxf mpich-3.0.4.tar.gz -C /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES/untar
cd ../untar/mpich-3.0.4
./configure --prefix=$DIR/mpich
make
make install
setenv PATH $DIR/mpich/bin:$PATH

# zlib
tar -xzf zlib-1.2.7.tar.gz -C /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES/untar 
cd ../untar/zlib-1.2.7
./configure --prefix=$DIR/grib2
make
make install

# libpng
tar -xzf libpng-1.2.50.tar.gz -C /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES/untar 
cd ../untar/libpng-1.2.50
./configure --prefix=$DIR/grib2
make
make install

# JasPer
tar -xzf jasper-1.900.1.tar.gz -C /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES/untar
cd ../untar/jasper-1.900.1
./configure --prefix=$DIR/grib2
make
make install

# if it reports errors when commpiling WRF
# time
tar -xzf time-1.9.tar.gz -C /opt/Build_WRF/LIBRARIES/untar
cd ../untar/time-1.9
./configure -–prefix=/usr/
make
make install
ls /usr/bin/time  # check whether it was installed successfully

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Ⅳ Test compatibility of libraries

Ⅳ.1 Download test files

cd /opt/TESTS
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/compile_tutorial/tar_files/Fortran_C_NETCDF_MPI_tests.tar
tar -xf Fortran_C_NETCDF_MPI_tests.tar

Ⅳ.2 Fortran + C + NetCDF

cp ${NETCDF}/include/netcdf.inc .
gfortran -c 01_fortran+c+netcdf_f.f
gcc -c 01_fortran+c+netcdf_c.c
gfortran 01_fortran+c+netcdf_f.o 01_fortran+c+netcdf_c.o -L${NETCDF}/lib -lnetcdff -lnetcdf
./a.out

output should be:

C function called by Fortran
Values are xx = 2.00 and ii = 1
SUCCESS test 1 fortran + c + netcdf

Ⅳ.3 Fortran + C + NetCDF + MPI

cp ${NETCDF}/include/netcdf.inc .
mpif90 -c 02_fortran+c+netcdf+mpi_f.f
mpicc -c 02_fortran+c+netcdf+mpi_c.c
mpif90 02_fortran+c+netcdf+mpi_f.o 02_fortran+c+netcdf+mpi_c.o -L${NETCDF}/lib -lnetcdff -lnetcdf
mpirun ./a.out

output should be:

C function called by Fortran
Values are xx = 2.00 and ii = 1
status = 2
SUCCESS test 2 fortran + c + netcdf + mpi

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Ⅴ Compile WRF and WPS

I followed teacher’s advices on choosing option(s) for compilation.
First, compile WRF:

git clone https://github.com/wrf-model/WRF
cd WRF
./configure  #  choose 34 then 1
./compile em_real >& log.compile
ls -lh main/*.exe

if the run is successful, it will show below:

If WRF has been compiled successfully, then to compile WPS:

cd WPS
./clean
setenv JASPERLIB $DIR/grib2/lib
setenv JASPERINC $DIR/grib2/include
./configure  # choose 1
./compile >& log.compile
ls -lh *.exe

If the run is successful, it will show below:

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Ⅵ Configure static geography data

cd /opt/Build_WRF/
wget https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/src/wps_files/geog_high_res_mandatory.tar.gz
tar -xzf geog_high_res_mandatory.tar.gz  # ==> WPS_GEO/
cd /opt/Build_WRF/WPS
vi namelist.wps

change geog_data_path = ´opt/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG´

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Ⅶ Download real-time data

Let’s run an example below.

Note: NOMADS server only displays recently data.
so you should download data depending on yourself conditions.

cd /opt/Build_WRF
mkdir DATA/GFS
cd DATA/GFS
cat > filelist
https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/data/nccf/com/gfs/prod/gfs.20210327/00/atmos/gfs.t00z.pgrb2.0p50.f000
https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/data/nccf/com/gfs/prod/gfs.20210327/00/atmos/gfs.t00z.pgrb2.0p50.f003
# then press ctrl+D
wget – i filelist

Anyway, you had better rename the GFS data files, according to the date to discriminate what they means. For example, use mvor shell scripts to rename gfs.t00z.pgrb2.0p50.f000 to gfs_20210327_00.grib2 at this directory.

mv gfs.t00z.pgrb2.0p50.f000 gfs_20210327_00.grib2

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Ⅷ Run WPS and WRF

Ⅷ.1 Run WPS

Before running geogrid, make sure the geog_data_path in namelist.wps is correct.

cd /opt/Build_WRF/WPS
./geogrid.exe >& log.geogrid
cat log.geogrid

if the run is successful, it will show below:

Ⅷ.2 Create soft links with the input GFS data files

make soft links of the GFS data files to current directory

./link_grib.csh /opt/Build_WRF/DATA/GFS/*  # [path_where_you_placed_GFS_files not directory!!!] 

generate GRIBFILE*:

make a soft link of the Vtable(Variables Table) of GFS to current directory

ln -sf ungrib/Variable_Tables/Vtable.GFS Vtable
ls -l

output:

ungrib the grib2 files

./ungrib.exe

if the run is successful, it will show below:

generate FIFLE*:

if it reports an error that
ERROR: Grib2 file or date problem, stopping in edition_num.


First, check whether the suffix of the files is .grib, because WPS can only read the file with suffix of .grib, instead of .nc.
Then, check whether the soft links link the specific data files, instead of directory.
Finally, check the size of the files, They are certainly not too small.

./metgrid.exe >& log.metgrid

if the run is successful, it will show below:

and generate files met_em*:

if it reports an error that
ERROR: Error in ext_pkg_write_field


please update Vtable.GFS, link below
https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/src/Vtable.GFS_new

Ⅷ.3 Run WRF

cd ../WRF/run
or
cd ../WRF/test/em_real

you need to make all necessary changes to reflect your particular case to the namelist.input file (t’s important). Once that is complete, you need to copy or link your met_em* files into the working directory:

ln -sf or cp

ln -sf ../../WPS/met_em* .            (from the run/ directory) or
ln -sf ../../../WPS/met_em* .          (from the test/em_real directory)

generate met_em*:

run the real:

mpirun -np 1 ./real.exe

generate wrfbdy_01, wrfinput*:

chek rsl to make sure the run is successful:

tail rsl.error.0000

if the run is successful, it will show below:

run wrf

mpirun -np 8 ./wrf.exe

generate wrfout*:

tail rsl.error.0000

if the run is successful, it will show below:


OK! you can enjoy your WRF data now!

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The last, as for the NCL, I command use miniconda to install it.

cd ~
wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
# then
./Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

if you install miniconda successfully, then create an env:

conda create -n ncl_stable -c conda-forge ncl

after installing, type:

conda activate ncl_stable
ncl

to use ncl

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PS: I have pushed some images containing WRF to Docker Hub

you can have a try directly by pulling them, which equals skipping compilation or other steps.

By the way, the WRF main directory is /opt/Build_WRF

Ⅸ References

[1] WRF Online Tutorial
[2] 【Docker】win10上修改docker的镜像文件存储位置（九）- 通过WSL2修改
[3] Windows 10 将 Docker Desktop for Windows（WSL 2 方式）文件存储移出系统盘放置到其它目录
[4] 在WSL环境下使用IPython进行Python版NCL的编程