KNN-手写数字辨识

题目要求:

给定一部分测试集和训练集。数据集中的每一个文件均是勇32*32的矩阵表示的数字,文件名的第一个字符代表该数据集的分类结果。 根据训练集来观察测试集的error。

数据集地址:

https://github.com/apachecn/data/blob/master/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/2.KNN.zip

代码如下:
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import operator
from os import listdir
from collections import Counter
from numpy import *
def classify0(inX,dataSet,labels,k):
    #lineLen 是数据的个数
    lineLen = dataSet.shape[0]
    #inX代表还未知分类的一个数据。将它减去dataSet对应的每一项
    diffMAt = tile(inX,(lineLen,1)) - dataSet
    #取平方(欧氏距离)
    sqDiffMat = diffMAt**2
    #对每一行取sum
    distances = sqDiffMat.sum(axis=1)
    #开方后获得距离distances
    distances = distances**0.5
    #将值对应大小排序,但是返回的数组中的值是其对应的下标值
    sortedDistances = distances.argsort()
    #定义一个分类的字典
    classCount = {
     }
    for i in range(k):
        #获得该下标值所在的分类,并作为未知分类inX的中间分类结果
        visLabel = labels[sortedDistances[i]]
        #看看classCount之前是否有过该分类,如果有就返回有过该分类的次数,否则返回0
        classCount[visLabel] = classCount.get(visLabel,0) + 1
    #对clasCount.items()中的第二个值进行逆排
    b = sorted(classCount.items(),key=operator.itemgetter(1),reverse=True)
    #返回分类结果
    return b[0][0]


#将二维坐标一维化
def img2vector(filename):
    #要返回的元组 1代表这一个数据,1024 = 32*32
    returnVect = zeros((1,1024))
    fr = open(filename)
    #对这一个数据的32*32个元素进行便利,并存入returnVect数组,[0-31]表示原二维数组的第一行。[32-63]表示原二维数组的第二行
    for i in range(32):
        line = fr.readline()
        for j in range(32):
            returnVect[0,32*i+j] = int(line[j])
    return returnVect
def handWritingTest():
    #存放该测试集对应的数字
    hwLabels = []
    trainingFileList = listdir('2.KNN/trainingDigits')
    m = len(trainingFileList)
    #trainingMat存放所有的二维转换到一维的测试集
    trainingMat = np.zeros((m,1024))
    for i in range(m):
        fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]
        fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]
        classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
        #文件名的第一个字符代表该数据集的数字 加入到hwLables中
        hwLabels.append(classNumStr)
        #调用img2vector函数将二维数字转换为一维
        trainingMat[i,:]=img2vector('2.KNN/trainingDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)
 # 2. 导入测试数据
    testFileList = listdir('2.KNN/testDigits')  # iterate through the test set
    errorCount = 0.0
    mTest = len(testFileList)
    for i in range(mTest):
        fileNameStr = testFileList[i]
        fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]  # take off .txt
        classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
        vectorUnderTest = img2vector('2.KNN/testDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)
        classifierResult = classify0(vectorUnderTest, trainingMat, hwLabels, 3)
        print("the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, classNumStr))
        if (classifierResult != classNumStr): errorCount += 1.0
    print("\nthe total number of errors is: %d" % errorCount)
    print("\nthe total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount / float(mTest)))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    handWritingTest()

训练结果:

the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 0, the real answer is: 0
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
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the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
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the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
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the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
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the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 7, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 1, the real answer is: 1
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
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the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
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the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
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the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
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the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
the classifier came back with: 2, the real answer is: 2
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the classifier came back with: 3, the real answer is: 3
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the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 3
the classifier came back with: 3, the real answer is: 3
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the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
the classifier came back with: 4, the real answer is: 4
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the classifier came back with: 5, the real answer is: 5
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the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the classifier came back with: 9, the real answer is: 9
the total number of errors is: 10
the total error rate is: 0.010571

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