版本信息：
Ubuntu16.04
gcc version 5.4.0
pcre-8.31
1.安装pcre
1）下载并解压(cd /usr/local/)
wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.31/pcre-8.31.tar.gz
tar -xzvf pcre-8.31.tar.gz
2）编译安装
cd pcre-8.31
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre-8.31 #预编译
make && make install
注：这样会提示一大堆东西，没有错就好不要太紧张o_O
2.varnishi编译安装
1）下载解压（cd /usr/local/）
wget http://varnish-cache.org/_downloads/varnish-3.0.2.tgz
/usr/local# gzip -dv varnish-3.0.2.tgz
varnish-3.0.2.tgz: 77.5% -- replaced with varnish-3.0.2.tar
/usr/local# tar xvf varnish-3.0.2.tar
2）编译安装
cd varnish-3.0.2
./autogen.sh #不知道这个是个蛇，不管了，就写上吧O_o
./autogen.sh: 1: ./autogen.sh: automake: not found
WARNING: unable to determine automake version
+ aclocal -I m4
./autogen.sh: 41: ./autogen.sh: aclocal: not found
预编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/varnish PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/pkgconfig
编译
make #喔嘈 又是一大堆东西滋滋滋～冒出来，淡定淡定，告诉旁边扫地的阿姨，“坐下，不要慌，正常操作！！”～～
安装
make install
3）查看版本
/usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/sbin# ./varnishd -V
注：这是大写的V喔！
这样就安装成功了！！
3.编辑配置文件
root@dss:/usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/etc# vim default.vcl
backend webserver {
.host = "127.0.0.1";
.port = "8080";
.connect_timeout = 20s;
.first_byte_timeout = 20s;
.between_bytes_timeout = 20s;
}
acl purge {
"localhost";
"127.0.0.1";
}
sub vcl_recv {
#刷新缓存的处理
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
if (!client.ip ~ purge) {
error 405 "Not allowed.";
}
#转到hit或者miss处理
return(lookup);
}
#判断请求主机,跳转到相应后端服务器
if (req.http.host ~ "^(.*)(aaaa.com|bbbb.com)$") {
set req.backend = webserver;
if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") {
return(pipe);
}
else {
return(lookup);
}
}
else {
error 404 " Cache Server";
return(lookup);
}
#grace缓存过期仍存放
# 若backend是健康的，则仅grace 5s，如果backend不健康，则grace 1m。
# 这里，5s的目的是为了提高高并发时的吞吐率；
# 1m的目的是，backend挂了之后，还能继续服务一段时间，期望backend挂的不 要太久。。。
if (req.backend.healthy) {
set req.grace = 5s;
} else {
set req.grace = 1m;
}
#刷新缓存的处理
if (req.request == "PURGE"){
if(!client.ip ~ purge) {
error 405 "Not allowed.";
}
# #转到hit或者miss处理
return (lookup);
}
#移除一些特定格式的cookie
if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|js|css|html|htm)($|\?)" ) {
#移除cookie,以便能缓存到varnish
unset req.http.cookie;
}
#Accept-Encoding 是浏览器发给服务器,声明浏览器支持的编码类型的
#修正客户端的Accept-Encoding头信息
#防止个别浏览器发送类似 deflate, gzip
if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) {
if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz)($|\?)" ) {
remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;
}else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip"){
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip";
} else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate"){
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate";
} else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "sdch"){
#chrome新增加的压缩
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "sdch";
}else {
remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;
}
}
#首次访问增加X-Forwarded-For头信息,方便后端程序获取客户端ip
if (req.restarts == 0) {
if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For =
req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;
} else {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;
}
}
if (req.request != "GET" &&
req.request != "HEAD" &&
req.request != "PUT" &&
req.request != "POST" &&
req.request != "TRACE" &&
req.request != "OPTIONS" &&
req.request != "DELETE") {
return (pipe);
}
if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") {
/* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */
return (pass);
}
if (req.http.Authorization) {
/* Not cacheable by default */
return (pass);
}
#js,css文件都有Cookie,不能每次都去后台服务器去取
#if (req.http.Cookie) {
# /* Not cacheable by default */
# return (pass);
#}
#如果请求的是动态页面直接转发到后端服务器
if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(php|jsp|do|aspx|asmx|ashx)($|.*)") {
return (pass);
}
return (lookup);
}
sub vcl_pipe {
# Note that only the first request to the backend will have
# X-Forwarded-For set. If you use X-Forwarded-For and want to
# have it set for all requests, make sure to have:
# set bereq.http.connection = "close";
# here. It is not set by default as it might break some broken web
# applications, like IIS with NTLM authentication.
return (pipe);
}
#放过,让其直接去后台服务器请求数据
sub vcl_pass {
return (pass);
}
sub vcl_hash {
hash_data(req.url);
if (req.http.host) {
hash_data(req.http.host);
} else {
hash_data(server.ip);
}
#支持压缩的要增加,防止发送给不支持压缩的浏览器压缩的内容
if(req.http.Accept-Encoding){
hash_data(req.http.Accept-Encoding);
}
return (hash);
}
#缓存服务器lookup查找命中:hit
sub vcl_hit {
#刷新缓存的请求操作,设置TTL为0,返回处理结果代码
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
set obj.ttl = 0s;
error 200 "Purged.";
}
#缓存服务器命中后(查找到了)
return (deliver);
}
#缓存服务器lookup查找没有命中:miss
sub vcl_miss {
#刷新缓存的请求操作,
#if (req.request == "PURGE") {
# error 404 "Not in cache.";
#}
#缓存服务器没有命中(去后台服务器取)
return (fetch);
}
#从后台服务器取回数据后,视情况是否进行缓存
sub vcl_fetch {
#如果请求的是动态页面直接发转发
#动态请求回来的,一定要放在前面处理
if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(php|jsp|do|aspx|asmx|ashx)($|.*)") {
set beresp.http.Cache-Control="no-cache, no-store";
unset beresp.http.Expires;
return (deliver);
}
# 仅当该请求可以缓存时，才设置beresp.grace，若该请求不能被缓存，则不设置 beresp.grace
if (beresp.ttl > 0s) {
set beresp.grace = 1m;
}
if (beresp.ttl <= 0s ||
beresp.http.Set-Cookie ||
beresp.http.Vary == "*") {
/*
* Mark as "Hit-For-Pass" for the next 2 minutes
*/
set beresp.ttl = 120 s;
#下次请求时不进行lookup,直接pass
return (hit_for_pass);
}
#设置从后台服务器获得的特定格式文件的缓存TTL
if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(pdf|xls|ppt|doc|docx|xlsx|pptx|chm|rar|zip)($|\?)")
{
#移除服务器发送的cookie
unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
#加上缓存时间
set beresp.ttl = 30d;
return (deliver);
}else if(req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(bmp|jpeg|jpg|png|gif|svg|png|ico|txt|css|js|html|htm)($|\?)"){
#移除服务器发送的cookie
unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
#加上缓存时间
set beresp.ttl = 15d;
return (deliver);
}else if(req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(mp3|wma|mp4|rmvb|ogg|mov|avi|wmv|mpeg|mpg|dat|3pg|swf|flv|asf)($|\?)"){
#移除服务器发送的cookie
unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
#加上缓存时间
set beresp.ttl = 30d;
return (deliver);
}
#从后台服务器返回的response信息中,没有缓存的,不缓存
if (beresp.http.Pragma ~"no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~"no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~"private") {
return (deliver);
}
return (deliver);
}
#缓存服务器发送到客户端前调用
sub vcl_deliver {
#下面是添加一个Header标识，以判断缓存是否命中。
if (obj.hits > 0) {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT from cache";
#set resp.http.X-Varnish = "HIT from cache";
} else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS from cache";
#set resp.http.X-Varnish = "MISS from cache";
}
#去掉不是必须的header
unset resp.http.Vary;
unset resp.http.X-Powered-By;
unset resp.http.X-AspNet-Version;
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_error {
set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
set obj.http.Retry-After = "5";
synthetic {"
"} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"
Error "} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"
"} + obj.response + {"
Guru Meditation:
XID: "} + req.xid + {"
cache server
"};
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_init {
return (ok);
}
sub vcl_fini {
return (ok);
}
以上便是varnish的配置文件的内容！！
4.运行varnish
root@dss:/usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/sbin# ./varnishd -f /usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/etc/default.vcl -T 127.0.0.1:2000 -a 0.0.0.0:80 -s file,/tmp,200M
root@dss:/usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/sbin# ps -ef | grep varnish
root 29572 1523 0 17:22 ? 00:00:00 ./varnishd -f /usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/etc/default.vcl -T 127.0.0.1:2000 -a 0.0.0.0:80 -s file,/tmp,200M
nobody 29573 29572 0 17:22 ? 00:00:00 ./varnishd -f /usr/local/varnish-3.0.2/etc/default.vcl -T 127.0.0.1:2000 -a 0.0.0.0:80 -s file,/tmp,200M
root 29597 7572 0 17:22 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto varnis
下面是运行时很有可能出现的错误了！！
配置文件参考：http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-1434528.html(写的很详细了)
注：在配置好varnish的配置文件后，运行失败报下面的错，就是标点符号是中文的缘故把
#代码中有错的，
#第16行第三十一个光标位置 ~符号改为英文
#(‘input‘ Line 22 Pos 26)
# if (req.http.host ～ "^(e)?.nent.com$") {
#Message from VCC-compiler:
#Expected an action, ‘if‘, ‘{‘ or ‘}‘
#(‘input‘ Line 45 Pos 9)
# purge_url(req.url);
#Message from VCC-compiler:
#Unknown variable ‘reqreq.http.X-Forwarded-For‘
#At: (‘input‘ Line 50 Pos 13)
# set reqreq.http.X-Forwarded-For =
#Message from VCC-compiler:
#Expected ‘;‘ got ‘", "‘
#(program line 174), at
#(‘input‘ Line 51 Pos 42)
# req.http.X-Forwarded-For ", " client.ip; }
人人为我，我为人人！！