VOA ECONOMICS REPORT - Nearly Half of US Jobs Now Held by Women

ECONOMICS REPORT - Nearly Half of US Jobs Now Held by Women
2009 年 11 月 20 日 报道 – 美国女性约占半数工作。

 

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This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.
这里是 VOA 特别英语的经济报道

Women are on their way to holding more than half of all American jobs. The latest government report shows that their share of nonfarm jobs nearly reached fifty percent in September.

女性 ( 拥有 ) 接近半数以上的美国工作。最新政府报告表明， 9 月份非农业类女性工作接近 50% 。

Not only have more and more women entered the labor market over the years. But the recession has been harder on men. In October the unemployment rate for men was almost eleven percent compared to eight percent for women.

近年来，不仅仅是越来越多的女性进入劳动力市场，而且本次经济衰退对男性影响更大。 10 月，男性的失业率接近 11% ，而女性的失业率 8% 。

Industries that traditionally use lots of men have suffered deep cuts. For example, manufacturing and building lost more jobs last month. But health care and temporary employment services have had job growth. Both of those industries employ high percentages of women.

历来使用更多男性的行业裁员更多。例如，上月制造业及建筑业失业更多。但是，保健及临时性服务就业增多；这二个行业雇佣大比例的女性。

Thirty years ago, women earned sixty-two cents for every dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. And women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.

30 年前，男性挣 1 美元，而女性只挣 62 美分。如今，对于通常全职的女性而言，其挣薪水为男性的 80% 左右。另外，女性拥有 51% 的高薪管理及专业工作。

Yet a study released Thursday said men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred largest companies in California. The results have remained largely unchanged in five years of studies from the University of California, Davis.

但是，周二公布的一项研究称，男性仍然拥有加州 400 家大公司中大约十分之九的高管职位。在加州大学戴维的五年研究期间，这一结果基本未变。

Also, a new research paper in the journal Sex Roles looks at the experiences of women who are the main earners in their family. Rebecca Meisenbach at the University of Missouri in Columbia interviewed fifteen women. She found they all valued their independence and many enjoyed having the power of control, though not all wanted it.

另外，杂志《性别角色》的一份新研究报告研究了作为家庭中主要挣钱者的女性经历 。 密苏里大学哥伦比亚分校的 Rebecca Meisenbach 采访了 15 位妇女。她发现，这些妇女均看重独立，并且，尽管并非所愿，但许多妇女喜欢控制权。

But they also felt pressure, worry and guilt. Partly that was because of cultural expectations that working women will still take care of the children. Also, men who are not the main earners may feel threatened.

但是，这些妇女也倍受压力、担忧及内疚，部分原因是文化预期，即工作女性仍然需照顾子女。另外，不是家中主要挣钱者的男性可能感受到威胁。

The job market continues to suffer the effects of last year's financial crash. Now, a judgment has been reached in the first case involving charges of criminal wrongdoing on Wall Street.

就业市场继续受到去年金融危机的影响。目前，华尔街首例犯罪行为指控已达成裁决。

Last week, the government lost its case against two managers at Bear Stearns, the first investment bank to fail last year. A jury found Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin not guilty of lying to investors.

上周，美国政府在去年首家破产投资银行贝尔斯登公司二位经理的案例中败诉。陪审团未发现 Ralph Cioffi 和 Matthew Tannin 向投资人撒谎。

The hedge funds they supervised lost their value in two thousand seven. But jurors said there was no clear evidence that they meant to mislead investors.

他们监管的对冲基金在 2007 年分文不值。但是，陪审团成员说，没有明确证据证明他们有意误导投资人。

The Justice Department continues to investigate other companies.

司法部继续调查其它公司。

And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.

这是 Mario Ritter 编写的 VOA 特别英语经济报道。我是 Steve Ember 。