C++socket编程步骤

sockets(套接字)编程有三种,流式套接字(SOCK_STREAM),数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM),原始套接字(SOCK_RAW);基于TCP的socket编程是採用的流式套接字。

server端编程的步骤:

1:载入套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());

2:绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个port上(bind());

3:将套接字设置为监听模式等待连接请求(listen());

4:请求到来后,接受连接请求,返回一个新的相应于此次连接的套接字(accept());

5:用返回的套接字和client进行通信(send()/recv());

6:返回,等待还有一连接请求;

7:关闭套接字,关闭载入的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。

client编程的步骤:

1:载入套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());

2:向server发出连接请求(connect());

3:和server端进行通信(send()/recv());

4:关闭套接字,关闭载入的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。

第一式: 载入/释放Winsock库:

1.载入方法:

WSADATA wsa;
/*初始化socket资源*/
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&wsa) != 0)
{
    return;   //代表失败
}

2.释放方法:

WSACleanup();

第二式: 构造SOCKET:

1.服务端:构造监听SOCKET,流式SOCKET.
   SOCKET Listen_Sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)

2.client:构造通讯SOCKET,流式SOCKET.
SOCKET Client_Sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)

第三式:配置监听地址和port:

1.服务端: SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr
ZeroMemory((char *)&serverAddr,sizeof(serverAddr));
   serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
   serverAddr.sin_port = htons(1234);           /*本地监听端口:1234*/
   serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); /*有IP*/

第四式:   绑定SOCKET:

1.服务端:绑定监听SOCKET.
  bind(Listen_Sock,(struct sockaddr *)&serverAddr,sizeof(serverAddr))

第五式: 服务端/client连接:

1.服务端:等待client接入.
   SOCKET Command_Sock = accept(Listen_Sock, ...)

2.client:请求与服务端连接.
int ret = connect(Client_Sock, ...)

第六式: 收/发数据:

1.服务端:等待client接入.char buf[1024].
    接收数据:recv(Command_Sock,buf, ...)

    发送数据:send(Command_Sock,buf, ...)

2.client:请求与服务端连接.char buf[1024].
    发送数据:send(Client_Sock,buf, ...)

    接收数据:recv(Client_Sock,buf, ...)

第七式: 关闭SOCKET:

1.服务端:关闭SOCKET.
   closesocket(Listen_Sock)
closesocket(Command_Sock)

2.client:关闭SOCKET.
closesocket(Client_Sock)

?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <Winsock2.h>
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
  return ;
}
if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
        HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
  WSACleanup( );
  return ;
}
SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);
bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof (SOCKADDR));
listen(sockSrv,5);
SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
int len= sizeof (SOCKADDR);
while (1)
{
  SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);
  char sendBuf[50];
  sprintf (sendBuf, "Welcome %s to here!" ,inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));
  send(sockConn,sendBuf, strlen (sendBuf)+1,0);
  char recvBuf[50];
  recv(sockConn,recvBuf,50,0);
  printf ( "%s\n" ,recvBuf);
  closesocket(sockConn);
}
}
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#include < stdio.h > #include < Winsock2.h > void main() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1 , 1 ); err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, & wsaData ); if ( err != 0 ) { return ; } if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 || HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) { WSACleanup( ); return ; } SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0 ); SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv; addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr( " 127.0.0.1 " ); addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET; addrSrv.sin_port = htons( 6000 ); connect(sockClient,(SOCKADDR * ) & addrSrv, sizeof (SOCKADDR)); send(sockClient, " hello " ,strlen( " hello " ) + 1 , 0 ); char recvBuf[ 50 ]; recv(sockClient,recvBuf, 50 , 0 ); printf( " %s\n " ,recvBuf); closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); }
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