popupWindow的用法详解和简单封装

popupWindow的用法详解和简单封装_第1张图片
popupwindow的一种应用,下拉菜单

在Android中弹出式菜单(以下称弹窗)是使用十分广泛一种菜单呈现的方式,弹窗为用户交互提供了便利。关于弹窗的实现大致有以下两种方式AlertDialog和PopupWindow;
两者的区别:AlertDialog弹窗在位置显示上是固定的,而PopupWindow则相对比较随意,能够在主屏幕上的任意位置显示;

PopupWindow的使用

其实PopupWindow的使用非常简单,总的来说分为两步:

  • 1、调用PopupWindow的构造器创建PopupWindow对象,并完成一些初始化设置。
  • 2、调用PopupWindow的showAsDropDown(View view)将PopupWindow作为View组件的下拉组件显示出来;或调用PopupWindow的showAtLocation()方法将PopupWindow在指定位置显示出来。

简单用法

     // 用于PopupWindow的View
     View contentView=LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutRes, null, false);
     // 创建PopupWindow对象,其中:
     // 第一个参数是用于PopupWindow中的View,第二个参数是PopupWindow的宽度,
     // 第三个参数是PopupWindow的高度,第四个参数指定PopupWindow能否获得焦点
     PopupWindow window=new PopupWindow(contentView, 100, 100, true);
     // 设置PopupWindow的背景
     window.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT));
     // 设置PopupWindow是否能响应外部点击事件
     window.setOutsideTouchable(true);
     // 设置PopupWindow是否能响应点击事件
     window.setTouchable(true);
     // 显示PopupWindow,其中:
     // 第一个参数是PopupWindow的锚点,第二和第三个参数分别是PopupWindow相对锚点的x、y偏移
     window.showAsDropDown(anchor, xoff, yoff);
     // 或者也可以调用此方法显示PopupWindow,其中:
     // 第一个参数是PopupWindow的父View,第二个参数是PopupWindow相对父View的位置,
     // 第三和第四个参数分别是PopupWindow相对父View的x、y偏移
     // window.showAtLocation(parent, gravity, x, y);

这就是基本的实现步骤,结合注释很容易看懂。我们传入了一个contentView这是要显示的View,showAsDropDown中的anchor是我们要显示view的参照物,其中xoff,yoff可以直接省略,这样就默认显示在anchor的下面。当然也可以对其进行相应的设置以在不同位置显示,囊括了水平和垂直方向各5种显示方式:

水平方向:
ALIGN_LEFT:在锚点内部的左边;
ALIGN_RIGHT:在锚点内部的右边;
CENTER_HORI:在锚点水平中部;
TO_RIGHT:在锚点外部的右边;
TO_LEFT:在锚点外部的左边。
垂直方向:
ALIGN_ABOVE:在锚点内部的上方;
ALIGN_BOTTOM:在锚点内部的下方;
CENTER_VERT:在锚点垂直中部;
TO_BOTTOM:在锚点外部的下方;
TO_ABOVE:在锚点外部的上方。

这里需要注意:

    window.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT));
    window.setOutsideTouchable(true);

只有同时设置PopupWindow的背景和可以响应外部点击事件,它才能“真正”响应外部点击事件。也就是说,当你点击PopupWindow的外部或者按下“Back”键时,PopupWindow才会消失。
showAtLocation这里是可以设置其相对参照view的x,y便宜量,使用方法简单就不写代码实现了。

链式封装

为了使用方便,参考晚上的例子,对其进行了链式封装,直接上代码:

public class BasePopupWindow {
    private Context mContext;
    private int mWidth;
    private int mHeight;
    private boolean mIsFocusable = true;
    private boolean mIsOutside = true;
    private int mResLayoutId = -1;
    private View mContentView;
    private PopupWindow mPopupWindow;
    private int mAnimationStyle = -1;

    private boolean mClippEnable = true;//default is true
    private boolean mIgnoreCheekPress = false;
    private int mInputMode = -1;
    private PopupWindow.OnDismissListener mOnDismissListener;
    private int mSoftInputMode = -1;
    private boolean mTouchable = true;//default is ture
    private View.OnTouchListener mOnTouchListener;

    private BasePopupWindow(Context context) {
        mContext = context;
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return mWidth;
    }

    public int getHeight() {
        return mHeight;
    }

    public boolean isShow() {
        return mPopupWindow != null && mPopupWindow.isShowing();
    }

    /**
     * @param anchor
     * @param xOff
     * @param yOff
     * @return
     */
    public BasePopupWindow showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xOff, int yOff) {
        if (mPopupWindow != null) {
            mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchor, xOff, yOff);
        }
        return this;
    }

    public BasePopupWindow showAsDropDown(View anchor) {
        if (mPopupWindow != null) {
            //兼容7.1以上手机失效问题
            if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                Rect rect = new Rect();
                anchor.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
                //测量
                DisplayMetrics dm = new DisplayMetrics();
                WindowManager windowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
                windowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getRealMetrics(dm);
                int heightPixels = dm.heightPixels;
                int h = heightPixels - rect.bottom;
                mPopupWindow.setHeight(h);
            }
            mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchor);
        }
        return this;
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
    public BasePopupWindow showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xOff, int yOff, int gravity) {
        if (mPopupWindow != null) {
            mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchor, xOff, yOff, gravity);
        }
        return this;
    }


    /**
     * 相对于父控件的位置(通过设置Gravity.CENTER,下方Gravity.BOTTOM等 ),可以设置具体位置坐标
     *
     * @param parent
     * @param gravity
     * @param x       the popup's x location offset
     * @param y       the popup's y location offset
     * @return
     */
    public BasePopupWindow showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y) {
        if (mPopupWindow != null) {
            mPopupWindow.showAtLocation(parent, gravity, x, y);
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * 添加一些属性设置
     *
     * @param popupWindow
     */
    private void apply(PopupWindow popupWindow) {
        popupWindow.setClippingEnabled(mClippEnable);
        if (mIgnoreCheekPress) {
            popupWindow.setIgnoreCheekPress();
        }
        if (mInputMode != -1) {
            popupWindow.setInputMethodMode(mInputMode);
        }
        if (mSoftInputMode != -1) {
            popupWindow.setSoftInputMode(mSoftInputMode);
        }
        if (mOnDismissListener != null) {
            popupWindow.setOnDismissListener(mOnDismissListener);
        }
        if (mOnTouchListener != null) {
            popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(mOnTouchListener);
        }
        popupWindow.setTouchable(mTouchable);


    }

    private PopupWindow build() {

        if (mContentView == null) {
            mContentView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(mResLayoutId, null);
        }

        if (mWidth != 0 && mHeight != 0) {
            mPopupWindow = new PopupWindow(mContentView, mWidth, mHeight);
        } else {
            mPopupWindow = new PopupWindow(mContentView, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        }
        if (mAnimationStyle != -1) {
            mPopupWindow.setAnimationStyle(mAnimationStyle);
        }

        apply(mPopupWindow);//设置一些属性

        mPopupWindow.setFocusable(mIsFocusable);
        mPopupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable());
        mPopupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(mIsOutside);

        if (mWidth == 0 || mHeight == 0) {
            mPopupWindow.getContentView().measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
            //如果外面没有设置宽高的情况下,计算宽高并赋值
            mWidth = mPopupWindow.getContentView().getMeasuredWidth();
            mHeight = mPopupWindow.getContentView().getMeasuredHeight();
        }


        mPopupWindow.update();

        return mPopupWindow;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭popWindow
     */
    public void dissmiss() {
        if (mPopupWindow != null) {
            mPopupWindow.dismiss();
        }
    }


    public static class PopupWindowBuilder {
        private BasePopupWindow mHwbPopWindow;

        public PopupWindowBuilder(Context context) {
            mHwbPopWindow = new BasePopupWindow(context);
        }

        public PopupWindowBuilder size(int width, int height) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mWidth = width;
            mHwbPopWindow.mHeight = height;
            return this;
        }


        public PopupWindowBuilder setFocusable(boolean focusable) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mIsFocusable = focusable;
            return this;
        }


        public PopupWindowBuilder setView(int resLayoutId) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mResLayoutId = resLayoutId;
            mHwbPopWindow.mContentView = null;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupWindowBuilder setView(View view) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mContentView = view;
            mHwbPopWindow.mResLayoutId = -1;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupWindowBuilder setOutsideTouchable(boolean outsideTouchable) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mIsOutside = outsideTouchable;
            return this;
        }

        /**
         * 设置弹窗动画
         *
         * @param animationStyle
         * @return
         */
        public PopupWindowBuilder setAnimationStyle(int animationStyle) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mAnimationStyle = animationStyle;
            return this;
        }


        public PopupWindowBuilder setClippingEnable(boolean enable) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mClippEnable = enable;
            return this;
        }


        public PopupWindowBuilder setIgnoreCheekPress(boolean ignoreCheekPress) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mIgnoreCheekPress = ignoreCheekPress;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupWindowBuilder setInputMethodMode(int mode) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mInputMode = mode;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupWindowBuilder setOnDissmissListener(PopupWindow.OnDismissListener onDissmissListener) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mOnDismissListener = onDissmissListener;
            return this;
        }


        public PopupWindowBuilder setSoftInputMode(int softInputMode) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mSoftInputMode = softInputMode;
            return this;
        }


        public PopupWindowBuilder setTouchable(boolean touchable) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mTouchable = touchable;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupWindowBuilder setTouchIntercepter(View.OnTouchListener touchIntercepter) {
            mHwbPopWindow.mOnTouchListener = touchIntercepter;
            return this;
        }


        public BasePopupWindow create() {
            //构建PopWindow
            mHwbPopWindow.build();
            return mHwbPopWindow;
        }

    }

}

这里的关键是使用了静态内部类PopupWindowBuilder,利用他来封装了外部类BasePopupWindow的一些具体操作,暴露给外部的调用方法更简单,而且他的方法每次都返回他本身,这样我们就可以链式调用。
外部使用方法:

 mPopupWindow = new BasePopupWindow .PopupWindowBuilder(getContext())
          .setView(contentView)
          .size(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)
          .create()
          .showAsDropDown(this);

这样使用方法就简洁多了。

参考

Android PopupWindow使用方法小结
浅谈PopupWindow在Android开发中的使用

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