android 线程池应用(1) - AsyncTask

android 线程池应用(1) - AsyncTask_第1张图片
镇楼神兽

AsyncTask 大家都熟悉吧,虽说以前我写过分析 AsyncTask 实现的文章,但是这里咱们从线程的角度来看 AsyncTask,探寻 AsyncTask 中的线程池应用,原来的文章我就不动了

AsyncTask 定义:
private class MyTask extends AsyncTask {
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {... }
        @Override
        protected Long doInBackground(String... params) {... }
        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Object... values) {... }
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Long aLong) {... }
        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {... }
AsyncTask 中有2个线程池:

既然是探寻线程池的应用,按我们先来看线程池好了,AsyncTask 声明了2个线程池,但是有一个线程池非彼线程池,我们来看看她们的定义就清楚了

    // 这是个普通的线程池
    public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR;

    static {
        ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);
        threadPoolExecutor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
        THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR = threadPoolExecutor;
    }

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    // 这是个套着线程池皮的队列
    public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();

    private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
        final ArrayDeque mTasks = new ArrayDeque();
        Runnable mActive;

        public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
            mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        r.run();
                    } finally {
                        scheduleNext(); // 这里实现轮询队列
                    }
                }
            });
            if (mActive == null) {
                scheduleNext();
            }
        }

        // 这里激活线程池
        protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
            if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
                THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
            }
        }
    }

重点就在 SerialExecutor 这里了,AsyncTask 默认使用的就是 SerialExecutor 这个线程池提交任务。SerialExecutor 提交任务是往自己的队列里添加了一个 Runnable 方法,然后激活另外的那个常规线程池从自己的队列里获取任务执行,但是 SerialExecutor 添加的这个 Runnable 在执行完 run 方法之后也会激活常规线程池从队列里获取任务执行,这样就形成了循环,和 ThreadPoolExecutor 里面的 Worker 循环获取阻塞队列里的任务有异曲同工之妙,核心都是转起来轮询获取队列任务,区别是怎么转起来,相当同的是他们都选择了 run 方法里做实现


AsyncTask 如何实现切换线程

核心就是使用了 Handler 机制,任务计算完成使用 Handler 发送消息。在 AsyncTask 的构造方法里搞了一个 WorkerRunnable,实际就是 Callable,然后配合 FutureTask 添加进线程池执行任务,WorkerRunnable 里面在 doInBackground(mParams) 异步计算完之后,通过 postResult(result) 用 handle 实现切换线程

   public AsyncTask(@Nullable Looper callbackLooper) {
        mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
            ? getMainHandler()
            : new Handler(callbackLooper);

        mWorker = new WorkerRunnable() {
            public Result call() throws Exception {
                mTaskInvoked.set(true);
                Result result = null;
                try {
                    Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                    //noinspection unchecked
                    result = doInBackground(mParams);
                    Binder.flushPendingCommands();
                } catch (Throwable tr) {
                    mCancelled.set(true);
                    throw tr;
                } finally {
                    postResult(result);
                }
                return result;
            }
        };

        mFuture = new FutureTask(mWorker) {
            @Override
            protected void done() {
                try {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                            e.getCause());
                } catch (CancellationException e) {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
                }
            }
        };
    }

handle 抛出任务,obj 传入的就是 AsyncTask 对象本身

    mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
        ? getMainHandler(): new Handler(callbackLooper);

    private static Handler getMainHandler() {
        synchronized (AsyncTask.class) {
            if (sHandler == null) {
                sHandler = new InternalHandler(Looper.getMainLooper());
            }
            return sHandler;
        }
    }

    private Result postResult(Result result) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Message message = getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
                new AsyncTaskResult(this, result));
        message.sendToTarget();
        return result;
    }

InternalHandler 在主线程相应消息,执行回调

    private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
        public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj;
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                    // There is only one result
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private void finish(Result result) {
        if (isCancelled()) {
            onCancelled(result);
        } else {
            onPostExecute(result);
        }
        mStatus = Status.FINISHED;
    }

ok 就这么点,AsyncTask 看起来很简单不是,为啥,因为我们之前已经深入充分的学习过了多线程,线程池的基本知识,也有过很多自己的思考,在夯实基础之后,我们再来看相关的应用就感觉简单多了,好理解了,但是大家要是不熟悉多线程,线程池的知识点,那看起来就是天书,编码就是这样,相关基础知识点直观重要

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