SpringBoot基于Redisson实现分布式锁并分析其原理

目录

    • 一、简介
    • 二、maven依赖
    • 三、配置类
      • 3.1、属性配置
      • 3.2、redis配置
      • 3.3、redisson配置
    • 四、分布式锁使用
      • 4.1、service层
      • 4.2、controller层
    • 五、配置文件application.yml
      • 5.1、单节点配置
      • 5.2、集群节点配置
    • 六、测试
      • 6.1、多实例准备和Nginx配置
      • 6.2、jemeter并发测试
        • 6.2.1、不加锁并发结果
        • 6.2.2、使用redisson加锁结果
    • 七、redisson原理(注释都在代码里
      • 7.1、获取锁对象
        • 7.1.1、加锁getLock()
      • 7.2、加锁lock()
        • 7.2.1、加锁lock()(重要
        • 7.2.2、tryAcquire()
        • 7.2.3、tryAcquireAsync()
        • 7.2.4、tryLockInnerAsync()(核心
        • 7.2.5、流程图
      • 7.3、释放锁unlock
        • 7.3.1、unlock()
        • 7.3.2、unlockAsync()
        • 7.3.3、unlockInnerAsync()(核心
        • 7.3.4、流程图
      • 7.4、锁的续期
        • 7.4.1、scheduleExpirationRenewal()
        • 7.4.2、renewExpiration()(重要
        • 7.4.3、renewExpirationAsync()(核心
      • 7.5、lua脚本

一、简介

  在分布式系统中,为了保证同一时间只能由一个客户端对共享资源操作,我们通常采用加锁来实现,常见有三种方式:

  • 基于数据库实现的分布式锁
  • 基于zookeeper实现的分布式锁
  • 基于redis实现的分布式锁

  而在使用redis实现时Redisson是官方推荐的一种方案也是我们今天的主角。

二、maven依赖

pom.xml


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>2.5.2version>
        <relativePath/>
    parent>

    <groupId>com.aliangroupId>
    <artifactId>redissonartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <name>redissonname>
    <description>Spring Boot分布式锁之redissondescription>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8java.version>
    properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
            <version>${parent.version}version>
        dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redisartifactId>
            <version>${parent.version}version>
        dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
            <version>2.9.10version>
        dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatypegroupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310artifactId>
            <version>2.9.10version>
        dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
            <version>1.2.68version>
        dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.redissongroupId>
            <artifactId>redissonartifactId>
            <version>3.16.3version>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
            <version>1.16.14version>
        dependency>

    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>

  今天的主角就是redisson,如果关于redis不知道整合的可以参考我之前的文章:SpringBoot整合redis(redis支持单节点和集群),这里我就不过多的介绍了。

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.redissongroupId>
            <artifactId>redissonartifactId>
            <version>3.16.3version>
        dependency>

三、配置类

3.1、属性配置

AppProperties.java

package com.alian.redisson.config;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "app.redisson")
public class AppProperties {
     

    /**
     * redis地址
     */
    private String address;

    /**
     * redis数据库
     */
    private int database;

}

3.2、redis配置

  这里使用redis配置只是为了模拟分布式环境下数据库减库存。

RedisConfig.java

package com.alian.redisson.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalDateDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalDateTimeDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalTimeDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateTimeSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalTimeSerializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
     

    /**
     * redis配置
     *
     * @param redisConnectionFactory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
     
        // 实例化redisTemplate
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        //设置连接工厂
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
        // key采用String的序列化
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(keySerializer());
        // value采用jackson序列化
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(valueSerializer());
        // Hash key采用String的序列化
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(keySerializer());
        // Hash value采用jackson序列化
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(valueSerializer());
        //执行函数,初始化RedisTemplate
        redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
        return redisTemplate;
    }

    /**
     * key类型采用String序列化
     *
     * @return
     */
    private RedisSerializer<String> keySerializer() {
     
        return new StringRedisSerializer();
    }

    /**
     * value采用JSON序列化
     *
     * @return
     */
    private RedisSerializer<Object> valueSerializer() {
     
        //设置jackson序列化
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class);
        //设置序列化对象
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(getMapper());
        return jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
    }


    /**
     * 使用com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper
     * 对数据进行处理包括java8里的时间
     *
     * @return
     */
    private ObjectMapper getMapper() {
     
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //设置可见性
        mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        //默认键入对象
        mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        //设置Java 8 时间序列化
        JavaTimeModule timeModule = new JavaTimeModule();
        timeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
        timeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd")));
        timeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")));
        timeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
        timeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd")));
        timeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")));
        //禁用把时间转为时间戳
        mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false);
        mapper.registerModule(timeModule);
        return mapper;
    }
}

3.3、redisson配置

RedissonConfig.java

package com.alian.redisson.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.config.Config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class RedissonConfig {
     

    private static final String COMMA = ",";

    @Autowired
    private AppProperties appProperties;

    @Bean
    public Redisson redisson() {
     
        //实例化redisson配置实例
        Config config = new Config();
        //获取配置文件的配置的地址
        String address = appProperties.getAddress();
        //如果配置项中包含逗号,我们认为是集群模式(也就是相当于内部一个规定,没必要去较真哦,这里哨兵模式就不考虑了)
        if (address != null && address.contains(COMMA)) {
     
            //通过逗号分隔为字符数组
            String[] nodeAddress = address.split(COMMA);
            //集群模式
            config.useClusterServers().addNodeAddress(nodeAddress).setScanInterval(5000);
        } else {
     
            //单机模式
            config.useSingleServer().setAddress(address).setDatabase(appProperties.getDatabase());
        }
        //设置加锁时间,默认情况下,加锁的时间是30秒,此处单位为毫秒(实际中你还可以设置)
        config.setLockWatchdogTimeout(appProperties.getLeaseTime());
        return (Redisson) Redisson.create(config);
    }

}

四、分布式锁使用

4.1、service层

  模拟启动系统初始化库存为1000,要注意的是setIfAbsent方法,表示不存在就设置,存在就不会设置了。

RedisService.java

package com.alian.redisson.service;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class RedisService {
     

    private final String stock = "com.alian.redisson.stock";

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
     
        log.info("模拟初始化库存为:1000");
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(stock, 1000);
        log.info("初始化库存完成");
    }
}

  具体减库存业务实现

RedissonLockService.java

package com.alian.redisson.service;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class RedissonLockService {
     

    private final String stock = "com.alian.redisson.stock";

    @Autowired
    private Redisson redisson;

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

    /**
     * 使用redisson分布式锁
     *
     * @return
     */
    public int deductInventoryWithLock() {
     
        //简单定义锁对象,实际中可以对订单号(202110141605211234565)或者其他组合(几个条件一起)作为业务的锁
        String lockKey = "redisson_lock";
        // 获取锁对象
        RLock lock = redisson.getLock(lockKey);
        try {
     
            // 加锁
            lock.lock();
            //获取缓存里的库存数量
            Integer stockNum = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(stock);
            if (stockNum != null && stockNum > 0) {
     
                //扣减库存
                stockNum--;
                //缓存数据
                redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(stock, stockNum);
                //更新数据库等其他操作
                log.info("使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:{}", stockNum);
                return stockNum;
            } else {
     
                log.info("使用redisson锁,获取库存异常或者已经没有库存了");
                return 0;
            }
        } finally {
     
            try {
     
                // 释放锁
                lock.unlock();
            } catch (Exception e) {
     
                log.error("释放锁异常",e);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 不使用任何锁
     *
     * @return
     */
    public int deductInventoryWithOutLock() {
     
        //获取缓存里的库存数量
        Integer stockNum = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(stock);
        if (stockNum != null && stockNum > 0) {
     
            //扣减库存
            stockNum--;
            //缓存数据
            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(stock, stockNum);
            //更新数据库等其他操作
            log.info("不加锁库存减1,剩余:{}", stockNum);
            return stockNum;
        } else {
     
            log.info("不加锁,获取库存异常或者已经没有库存了");
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

4.2、controller层

RedissonController.java

package com.alian.redisson.controller;

import com.alian.redisson.service.RedissonLockService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/test")
@RestController
public class RedissonController {
     

    @Autowired
    RedissonLockService redissonLockService;

    @RequestMapping("/deductWithLock")
    public int deductInventoryWithLock() {
     
        return redissonLockService.deductInventoryWithLock();
    }

    @RequestMapping("/deductWithOutLock")
    public int deductInventoryWithOutLock() {
     
        return redissonLockService.deductInventoryWithOutLock();
    }
}

五、配置文件application.yml

如果是使用我的配置类,调用加锁时不传入任何参数,则默认值还是一定要配置的。
否则就会出现

java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException: attempt to unlock lock, not locked by current thread by node id: c305b4a2-42fe-4384-9e06-309675d21258 thread-id: 86

因为config.setLockWatchdogTimeout();会设置为0,锁设置的时间0小于了被锁程序的执行时间。导致redisson解锁时,锁已经因为超时被释放掉了。故抛出改异常

5.1、单节点配置

server:
  port: 8084
  servlet:
    context-path: /redisson
  tomcat:
    accept-count: 200
    threads:
      max: 500

spring:
  redis:
    database: 0
    host: 192.168.0.193
    port: 6379
    password:
    timeout: 1000
    jedis:
      pool:
        max-active: 10
        min-idle: 5
        max-idle: 10
        max-wait: -1
app:
  redisson:
    database: 0
    address: redis://192.168.0.193:6379
    lease-time: 30000

5.2、集群节点配置

server:
  port: 8084
  servlet:
    context-path: /redisson
  tomcat:
    accept-count: 200
    threads:
      max: 500

spring:
  redis:
    cluster:
      nodes: 192.168.0.111:6379,192.168.0.112:6379,192.168.0.113:6379,192.168.0.101:6379,192.168.0.102:6379,192.168.0.103:6379,192.168.0.114:6379,192.168.0.104:6379

app:
  redisson:
    database: 0
    address: redis://192.168.0.111:6379,redis://192.168.0.112:6379,redis://192.168.0.113:6379,redis://192.168.0.101:6379,redis://192.168.0.102:6379,redis://192.168.0.103:6379,redis://192.168.0.114:6379,redis://192.168.0.104:6379
    lease-time: 30000

六、测试

6.1、多实例准备和Nginx配置

  既然是分布式,所以我们的请求能通过nginx发送到不同的实例上,在idea下,我们分别启动两个实例,端口分别为80868087,如果对于多实例启动及nginx配置这块不懂的可以参考另一篇文章:windows下Nginx配置及负载均衡使用,里面有详细的介绍,linux下也差不多,案例写的是windows而已。

  #nginx转发配置
  location ~ ^/redisson/ {
     
      proxy_redirect off;
	  #端口
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
	  #远程地址
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	  #程序可获取远程ip地址
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
	  #此处会用的upstream.conf,此文件在nginx.conf已经引入了
      proxy_pass http://redisson-lock;
  }
  #负载均衡配置
  upstream redisson-lock {
     
    server 127.0.0.1:8086 ;
	server 127.0.0.1:8087 ;
  }

6.2、jemeter并发测试

  既然是分布式的并发,所以我们使用测试工具jemeter来进行测试。因为结果太多,我们使用10个线程进行并发测试。

6.2.1、不加锁并发结果

我们请求接口为:http://localhost/redisson/test/deductWithOutLock

  • 端口为8086实例输出结果

    2021-10-16 19:01:36 362 [http-nio-8086-exec-6] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 363 [http-nio-8086-exec-1] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 363 [http-nio-8086-exec-2] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 363 [http-nio-8086-exec-5] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 363 [http-nio-8086-exec-3] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999

  • 端口为8087实例输出结果

    2021-10-16 19:01:36 362 [http-nio-8087-exec-1] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 362 [http-nio-8087-exec-2] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 363 [http-nio-8087-exec-3] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 363 [http-nio-8087-exec-4] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999
    2021-10-16 19:01:36 364 [http-nio-8087-exec-5] INFO :不加锁库存减1,剩余:999

从结果我们可以看到当10个线程并发请求时,分别转发到两个实例上了,nginx是没有问题的,为什么是这个结果呢?因为当库存还没有扣减更新时,获取的库存都是1000,然后都做库存减1的操作,变成999,当然也和我机器配置高有关系,你有可能会得到998或997等等。

6.2.2、使用redisson加锁结果

  • 端口为8086实例输出结果

      2021-10-16 19:11:29 737 [http-nio-8087-exec-9] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:999
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 804 [http-nio-8087-exec-5] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:996
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 827 [http-nio-8087-exec-3] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:995
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 842 [http-nio-8087-exec-1] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:994
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 884 [http-nio-8087-exec-6] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:991	
    
  • 端口为8087实例输出结果

      2021-10-16 19:11:29 772 [http-nio-8086-exec-1] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:998
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 787 [http-nio-8086-exec-5] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:997
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 855 [http-nio-8086-exec-4] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:993
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 866 [http-nio-8086-exec-3] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:992
      2021-10-16 19:11:29 901 [http-nio-8086-exec-6] INFO :使用redisson锁库存减1,剩余:990
    

从结果看到,我们扣减库存是正确的,可能会有小伙伴说

	//获取缓存里的库存数量
	Integer stockNum = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(stock);
	//扣减库存
	stockNum--;
	//缓存数据
	redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(stock, stockNum);

就不能写成下面这个就解决了问题么?

	redisTemplate.opsForValue().decrement(stock);

兄弟,我这里只是一个模拟业务的过程,比如你的业务里可能还有会有对数据库的操作等以及key的超时等,分多步执行,每一步都会有并发的情况,也可能每一步都可能出现异常。我们的着重点在用分布式锁,也就是三步。

  • 获取锁
  • 加锁
  • 释放锁

七、redisson原理(注释都在代码里

每个版本源码都有不同,我这里redisson版本是3.16.3

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.redissongroupId>
            <artifactId>redissonartifactId>
            <version>3.16.3version>
        dependency>

7.1、获取锁对象

7.1.1、加锁getLock()

首先是:RLock lock = redisson.getLock(lockKey);

    public RLock getLock(String name) {
     
        return new RedissonLock(commandExecutor, name);
    }

从这里我们知道默认实现是用的:org.redisson.RedissonLock

7.2、加锁lock()

7.2.1、加锁lock()(重要

然后是加锁方法:lock.lock();

    public void lock() {
     
        try {
     
            lock(-1, null, false);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
     
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }
    
	private void lock(long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, boolean interruptibly) throws InterruptedException {
     
		//获取线程Id
        long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
        //尝试获取锁
        Long ttl = tryAcquire(-1, leaseTime, unit, threadId);
        // lock acquired即获取锁
        if (ttl == null) {
     
            return;
        }
		// 异步订阅redis chennel
        RFuture<RedissonLockEntry> future = subscribe(threadId);
        if (interruptibly) {
     
        	//同步订阅中断
            commandExecutor.syncSubscriptionInterrupted(future);
        } else {
     
        	// 同步订阅
            commandExecutor.syncSubscription(future);
        }

        try {
     
        	
            while (true) {
     
            	// 循环尝试获取锁
                ttl = tryAcquire(-1, leaseTime, unit, threadId);
                // lock acquired,也就是获取到了锁
                if (ttl == null) {
     
                    break;
                }

                // waiting for message
                if (ttl >= 0) {
     
                    try {
     
                        future.getNow().getLatch().tryAcquire(ttl, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
     
                        if (interruptibly) {
     
                            throw e;
                        }
                        future.getNow().getLatch().tryAcquire(ttl, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                    }
                } else {
     
                    if (interruptibly) {
     
                        future.getNow().getLatch().acquire();
                    } else {
     
                        future.getNow().getLatch().acquireUninterruptibly();
                    }
                }
            }
        } finally {
     
        	// 取消订阅
            unsubscribe(future, threadId);
        }
//        get(lockAsync(leaseTime, unit));
    }

7.2.2、tryAcquire()

接下里我们看tryAcquire方法,意思是尝试获取锁。

    private Long tryAcquire(long waitTime, long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, long threadId) {
     
    	// get(future)实现同步,通过异步获取锁tryAcquireAsync
        return get(tryAcquireAsync(waitTime, leaseTime, unit, threadId));
    }

7.2.3、tryAcquireAsync()

接下里是tryAcquireAsync方法,尝试异步方式获取锁。

    private <T> RFuture<Long> tryAcquireAsync(long waitTime, long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, long threadId) {
     
        RFuture<Long> ttlRemainingFuture;
        if (leaseTime != -1) {
     
        	//1 如果设置了超时时间,直接调用 tryLockInnerAsync
            ttlRemainingFuture = tryLockInnerAsync(waitTime, leaseTime, unit, threadId, RedisCommands.EVAL_LONG);
        } else {
     
        	//如果leaseTime==-1,则默认超时时间为30s,本文中的配置类可修改默认值:config.setLockWatchdogTimeout()
            ttlRemainingFuture = tryLockInnerAsync(waitTime, internalLockLeaseTime,
                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, threadId, RedisCommands.EVAL_LONG);
        }
        //监听Future,获取Future返回值ttlRemaining(剩余过期时间),获取锁成功,且ttlRemaining为空leaseTime为-1,则刷新过期时间
        ttlRemainingFuture.onComplete((ttlRemaining, e) -> {
     
            if (e != null) {
     
                return;
            }

            // lock acquired,也就是获取到了锁
            if (ttlRemaining == null) {
     
                if (leaseTime != -1) {
     
                	//过期时间转为毫秒
                    internalLockLeaseTime = unit.toMillis(leaseTime);
                } else {
     
                	//计划到期续期,也就是刷新过期时间(重要)
                    scheduleExpirationRenewal(threadId);
                }
            }
        });
        return ttlRemainingFuture;
    }

7.2.4、tryLockInnerAsync()(核心

下面就是最重要的方法:tryLockInnerAsync,意思是尝试异步方式获取内部锁

    <T> RFuture<T> tryLockInnerAsync(long waitTime, long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, long threadId, RedisStrictCommand<T> command) {
     
        return evalWriteAsync(getRawName(), LongCodec.INSTANCE, command,
        		//此处是判断key是否存在,这里的KEYS[1]是我们传入的锁的名字
               "if (redis.call('exists', KEYS[1]) == 0) then " +
               		//ARGV[2]值是getLockName(threadId),得到类型UUID+线程Id的字段
               		//key不存在,则在redis中key为KEYS[1],字段ARGV[2]设置值为1,(数据结构为Hash)
               		//相当于Hash类型, redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key,字段,字段的值)
                   "redis.call('hincrby', KEYS[1], ARGV[2], 1); " +
                   //设置key的过期日期
                   "redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]); " +
                   "return nil; " +
                   "end; " +
                   //key存在,则判断ARGV[2]的值是否相等,也就是1
                   "if (redis.call('hexists', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]) == 1) then " +
                   //值相等,设置一个字段ARGV[2]的值为1
                   "redis.call('hincrby', KEYS[1], ARGV[2], 1); " +
                   //重新设置过期时间
                   "redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]); " +
                   "return nil; " +
                   "end; " +
                   //返回key的生存时间,后续监听用
                   "return redis.call('pttl', KEYS[1]);",
         Collections.singletonList(getRawName()), unit.toMillis(leaseTime), getLockName(threadId));
    }

其中KEYS[]和ARGV[]实际是个占位符,具体的参数得看下面这个单位

Collections.singletonList(getRawName()), unit.toMillis(leaseTime), getLockName(threadId));

7.2.5、流程图

SpringBoot基于Redisson实现分布式锁并分析其原理_第1张图片

7.3、释放锁unlock

7.3.1、unlock()

首先我们看下lock.unlock(),

    public void unlock() {
     
        try {
     
        	//同步get(future),里面通过异步释放锁实现
            get(unlockAsync(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
        } catch (RedisException e) {
     
            if (e.getCause() instanceof IllegalMonitorStateException) {
     
                throw (IllegalMonitorStateException) e.getCause();
            } else {
     
                throw e;
            }
        }
        
//        Future future = unlockAsync();
//        future.awaitUninterruptibly();
//        if (future.isSuccess()) {
     
//            return;
//        }
//        if (future.cause() instanceof IllegalMonitorStateException) {
     
//            throw (IllegalMonitorStateException)future.cause();
//        }
//        throw commandExecutor.convertException(future);
    }

7.3.2、unlockAsync()

接下里看下unlockAsync方法

@Override
    public RFuture<Void> unlockAsync(long threadId) {
     
    	//给redisson一个承诺
        RPromise<Void> result = new RedissonPromise<>();
        //异步方式释放内部锁
        RFuture<Boolean> future = unlockInnerAsync(threadId);
		//取消看门狗机制
        future.onComplete((opStatus, e) -> {
     
        	//取消到期续约
            cancelExpirationRenewal(threadId);

            if (e != null) {
     
                result.tryFailure(e);
                return;
            }

            if (opStatus == null) {
     
                IllegalMonitorStateException cause = new IllegalMonitorStateException("attempt to unlock lock, not locked by current thread by node id: "
                        + id + " thread-id: " + threadId);
                result.tryFailure(cause);
                return;
            }

            result.trySuccess(null);
        });

        return result;
    }

    protected abstract RFuture<Boolean> unlockInnerAsync(long threadId);

7.3.3、unlockInnerAsync()(核心

释放锁最重要的方法unlockInnerAsync

    protected RFuture<Boolean> unlockInnerAsync(long threadId) {
     
        return evalWriteAsync(getRawName(), LongCodec.INSTANCE, RedisCommands.EVAL_BOOLEAN,
        		//判断是否存在key,也就是我们锁的名字,此ARGV[3]值是getLockName(threadId),得到类型UUID+线程Id的字段
               "if (redis.call('hexists', KEYS[1], ARGV[3]) == 0) then " +
                  "return nil;" +
                  "end; " +
                  //存在key,则设置一个字段ARGV[3]的值减1
                  "local counter = redis.call('hincrby', KEYS[1], ARGV[3], -1); " +
                  //判断结果是否大于0
                  "if (counter > 0) then " +
                  //ARGV[2]过期时间
                  //大于0,则重新设置过期时间
                  "redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]); " +
                  //返回0
                  "return 0; " +
                  "else " +
                  //小于0则删除key
                  "redis.call('del', KEYS[1]); " +
                  //KEYS[2]为getChannelName(),也就是:KEYS[1]__channel:{KEYS[1]}
                  //ARGV[1]为LockPubSub.unlckMessage,也就是0
                  //想通道中广播一个消息ARGV[1],内容也就是0
                  "redis.call('publish', KEYS[2], ARGV[1]); " +
                  //返回1
                  "return 1; " +
                  "end; " +
                  "return nil;",
         Arrays.asList(getRawName(), getChannelName()), LockPubSub.UNLOCK_MESSAGE, internalLockLeaseTime, getLockName(threadId));
    }

同样的参数KEYS[]和ARGV[],主要还是看下面这个

Arrays.asList(getRawName(), getChannelName()), LockPubSub.UNLOCK_MESSAGE, internalLockLeaseTime, getLockName(threadId));

7.3.4、流程图

SpringBoot基于Redisson实现分布式锁并分析其原理_第2张图片

7.4、锁的续期

在tryAcquireAsync方法中有个看门狗,里面有段代码如下:

    ttlRemainingFuture.onComplete((ttlRemaining, e) -> {
     
        if (e != null) {
     
            return;
        }

        // lock acquired
        if (ttlRemaining == null) {
     
            if (leaseTime != -1) {
     
            	//过期时间转为毫秒
                internalLockLeaseTime = unit.toMillis(leaseTime);
            } else {
     
            	//计划到期续期,也就是刷新过期时间(重要)
                scheduleExpirationRenewal(threadId);
            }
        }
    });

7.4.1、scheduleExpirationRenewal()

这里的scheduleExpirationRenewal(threadId);就是实现了锁的续期,我们进去看看

    protected void scheduleExpirationRenewal(long threadId) {
     
        ExpirationEntry entry = new ExpirationEntry();
        ExpirationEntry oldEntry = EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.putIfAbsent(getEntryName(), entry);
        if (oldEntry != null) {
     
            oldEntry.addThreadId(threadId);
        } else {
     
            entry.addThreadId(threadId);
            try {
     
            	//续期(重要)
                renewExpiration();
            } finally {
     
                if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
     
                    cancelExpirationRenewal(threadId);
                }
            }
        }
    }

7.4.2、renewExpiration()(重要

我们看下renewExpiration方法。

private void renewExpiration() {
     
        ExpirationEntry ee = EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.get(getEntryName());
        if (ee == null) {
     
            return;
        }
        //timeTask() 任务,过期时间的三分之一的时间开始执行,
        //如果说起时间是30秒,那么第10秒的时候执行,再次设置为30秒,实际上对于这个key过期时间就变成了10秒+30秒=40秒
        Timeout task = commandExecutor.getConnectionManager().newTimeout(new TimerTask() {
     
            @Override
            public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
     
                ExpirationEntry ent = EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.get(getEntryName());
                if (ent == null) {
     
                    return;
                }
                Long threadId = ent.getFirstThreadId();
                if (threadId == null) {
     
                    return;
                }
                
                RFuture<Boolean> future = renewExpirationAsync(threadId);
                future.onComplete((res, e) -> {
     
                    if (e != null) {
     
                        log.error("Can't update lock " + getRawName() + " expiration", e);
                        EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.remove(getEntryName());
                        return;
                    }
                    
                    if (res) {
     
                        // reschedule itself 也就是执行成功再次调用
                        renewExpiration();
                    } else {
     
                    	//取消到期续期
                        cancelExpirationRenewal(null);
                    }
                });
            }
        }, internalLockLeaseTime / 3, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        
        ee.setTimeout(task);
    }

7.4.3、renewExpirationAsync()(核心

重要方法

    protected RFuture<Boolean> renewExpirationAsync(long threadId) {
     
        return evalWriteAsync(getRawName(), LongCodec.INSTANCE, RedisCommands.EVAL_BOOLEAN,
        		//KEYS[1]是锁的名字, ARGV[2]是getLockName(threadId),得到类型UUID+线程Id的字段
        		//是否存在一个KEYS[1]对象,它的字段ARGV[2]的值为1
                "if (redis.call('hexists', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]) == 1) then " +
                		//存在则设置过期时间,ARGV[1]为过期时间
                        "redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]); " +
                        "return 1; " +
                        "end; " +
                        "return 0;",
                Collections.singletonList(getRawName()),
                internalLockLeaseTime, getLockName(threadId));
    }

7.5、lua脚本

  上面的锁的实现都用到了lua脚本,因为redis执行时是单线程的,redis会保证这个lua脚本的原子性,他会把这个lua脚本当成一行代码去执行,要么全部成功,要么全部失败。其中nil 类型表示一种没有任何有效值,它只有一个值nil,关于lua脚本大家可以去相关教程学习,我这里就简单写本文里见到的两个语法。

if(布尔表达式)
then
   --[ 在布尔表达式为 true 时执行的语句 --]
end
if(布尔表达式)
then
   --[ 布尔表达式为 true 时执行该语句块 --]
else
   --[ 布尔表达式为 false 时执行该语句块 --]
end

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