4.1 分布式安装部署
0)集群规划
在bigdata111、bigdata112和bigdata113三个节点上部署Zookeeper。
1)解压安装
(1)解压zookeeper安装包到/opt/module/目录下
[itstar@bigdata111 software]$ tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /opt/module/
(2)在/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/这个目录下创建zkData
mkdir -p zkData
(3)重命名/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf这个目录下的zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg
mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
2)配置zoo.cfg文件
(1)具体配置
dataDir=/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData
增加如下配置
#######################cluster##########################
server.1=bigdata111:2888:3888
server.2=bigdata112:2888:3888
server.3=bigdata113:2888:3888
(2)配置参数解读
Server.A=B:C:D。
A是一个数字,表示这个是第几号服务器;
B是这个服务器的ip地址;
C是这个服务器与集群中的Leader服务器交换信息的端口;
D是万一集群中的Leader服务器挂了,需要一个端口来重新进行选举,选出一个新的Leader,而这个端口就是用来执行选举时服务器相互通信的端口。
集群模式下配置一个文件myid,这个文件在dataDir目录下,这个文件里面有一个数据就是A的值,Zookeeper启动时读取此文件,拿到里面的数据与zoo.cfg里面的配置信息比较从而判断到底是哪个server。
3)集群操作
(1)在/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData目录下创建一个myid的文件
touch myid
添加myid文件,注意一定要在linux里面创建,在notepad++里面很可能乱码
(2)编辑myid文件
vi myid
在文件中添加与server对应的编号:如2
(3)拷贝配置好的zookeeper到其他机器上
scp -r zookeeper-3.4.10/ [email protected]:/opt/app/
scp -r zookeeper-3.4.10/ [email protected]:/opt/app/
并分别修改myid文件中内容为3、4
(4)分别启动zookeeper
[root@bigdata111 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh start
[root@bigdata112 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh start
[root@bigdata113 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh start
(5)查看状态
[root@bigdata111 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
[root@bigdata112 zookeeper-3.4.10]# bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader
[root@bigdata113 zookeeper-3.4.5]# bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
4.2 客户端命令行操作
命令基本语法 | 功能描述 |
---|---|
help | 显示所有操作命令 |
ls path [watch] | 使用ls 命令来查看当前znode中所包含的内容 |
ls2 path [watch] | 查看当前节点数据并能看到更新次数等数据 |
create | 普通创建(永久节点) -s 含有序列 -e 临时(重启或者超时消失) |
get path [watch] | 获得节点的值 |
set | 设置节点的具体值 |
stat | 查看节点状态 |
delete | 删除节点 |
rmr | 递归删除节点 |
1)启动客户端
[itstar@bigdata112 zookeeper-3.4.10]$ bin/zkCli.sh
2)显示所有操作命令
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] help
3)查看当前znode中所包含的内容
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[zookeeper]
4)查看当前节点数据并能看到更新次数等数据
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls2 /
[zookeeper]
cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
5)创建普通节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create /app1 "hello app1"
Created /app1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create /app1/server101 "192.168.1.101"
Created /app1/server101
6)获得节点的值
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] get /app1
hello app1
cZxid = 0x20000000a
ctime = Mon Jul 17 16:08:35 CST 2017
mZxid = 0x20000000a
mtime = Mon Jul 17 16:08:35 CST 2017
pZxid = 0x20000000b
cversion = 1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 10
numChildren = 1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /app1/server101
192.168.1.101
cZxid = 0x20000000b
ctime = Mon Jul 17 16:11:04 CST 2017
mZxid = 0x20000000b
mtime = Mon Jul 17 16:11:04 CST 2017
pZxid = 0x20000000b
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 13
numChildren = 0
7)创建短暂节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] create -e /app-emphemeral 8888
(1)在当前客户端是能查看到的
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] ls /
[app1, app-emphemeral, zookeeper]
(2)退出当前客户端然后再重启客户端
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] quit
[itstar@bigdata113 zookeeper-3.4.10]$ bin/zkCli.sh
(3)再次查看根目录下短暂节点已经删除
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[app1, zookeeper]
8)创建带序号的节点
(1)先创建一个普通的根节点app2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] create /app2 "app2"
(2)创建带序号的节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] create -s /app2/aa 888
Created /app2/aa0000000000
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] create -s /app2/bb 888
Created /app2/bb0000000001
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] create -s /app2/cc 888
Created /app2/cc0000000002
如果原节点下有1个节点,则再排序时从1开始,以此类推。
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] create -s /app1/aa 888
Created /app1/aa0000000001
9)修改节点数据值
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] set /app1 999
10)节点的值变化监听
(1)在104主机上注册监听/app1节点数据变化
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 26] get /app1 watch
(2)在103主机上修改/app1节点的数据
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] set /app1 777
(3)观察104主机收到数据变化的监听
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/app1
11)节点的子节点变化监听(路径变化)
(1)在104主机上注册监听/app1节点的子节点变化
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /app1 watch
[aa0000000001, server101]
(2)在103主机/app1节点上创建子节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] create /app1/bb 666
Created /app1/bb
(3)观察104主机收到子节点变化的监听
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeChildrenChanged path:/app1
12)删除节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] delete /app1/bb
13)递归删除节点
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] rmr /app2
14)查看节点状态
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] stat /app1
cZxid = 0x20000000a
ctime = Mon Jul 17 16:08:35 CST 2017
mZxid = 0x200000018
mtime = Mon Jul 17 16:54:38 CST 2017
pZxid = 0x20000001c
cversion = 4
dataVersion = 2
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 3
numChildren = 2
4.3 API应用
4.3.1 IDEA环境搭建
1)创建一个工程
Pom.xml
org.apache.zookeeper
zookeeper
3.4.10
4.3.2 创建ZooKeeper客户端
private static String connectString = "bigdata111:2181,bigdata112:2181,bigdata113:2181";
private static int sessionTimeout = 2000;
private ZooKeeper zkClient = null;
@Before
public void init() throws Exception {
zkClient = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
// 收到事件通知后的回调函数(用户的业务逻辑)
System.out.println(event.getType() + "--" + event.getPath());
// 再次启动监听
try {
zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
4.3.3 创建子节点
// 创建子节点
@Test
public void create() throws Exception {
// 数据的增删改查
// 参数1:要创建的节点的路径; 参数2:节点数据 ; 参数3:节点权限 ;参数4:节点的类型
String nodeCreated = zkClient.create("/eclipse", "hello zk".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
}
4.3.4 获取子节点并监听
// 获取子节点
@Test
public void getChildren() throws Exception {
List children = zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
for (String child : children) {
System.out.println(child);
}
// 延时阻塞
Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
4.3.5 判断znode是否存在
// 判断znode是否存在
@Test
public void exist() throws Exception {
Stat stat = zkClient.exists("/eclipse", false);
System.out.println(stat == null ? "not exist": "exist");
}
4.4 案例实战分布式秒杀
Zk所需要的Pom依赖
org.apache.curator
curator-framework
4.0.0
org.apache.curator
curator-recipes
4.0.0
org.apache.curator
curator-client
4.0.0
com.google.guava
guava
16.0.1
TestDistributedLock
import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.locks.InterProcessMutex;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
public class TestDistributedLock {
//定义共享资源
private static int count = 10;
private static void printCountNumber() {
System.out.println("***********" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "**********");
System.out.println("当前值:" + count);
count--;
//睡2秒
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("***********" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "**********");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//定义客户端重试的策略
RetryPolicy policy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, //每次等待的时间
10); //最大重试的次数
//定义ZK的一个客户端
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("bigdata111:2181")
.retryPolicy(policy)
.build();
//在ZK生成锁---> 就是ZK的目录
client.start();
final InterProcessMutex lock = new InterProcessMutex(client, "/mylock");
// 启动10个线程去访问共享资源
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
//请求得到锁
lock.acquire();
//访问共享资源
printCountNumber();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//释放锁
try {
lock.release();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).start();
}
}
}